Technical Quiz (III Year)

Clay soil has a unique property called activity. This refers to its ability to retain water and nutrients, as well as its tendency to compact easily. The fine particles in clay soil allow it to hold onto water and nutrients, making it fertile and suitable for growing plants. However, this same characteristic also causes the soil to become compacted when wet, leading to poor drainage and potential problems for plant roots. Therefore, activity is a property that is typical of clay soil.

The apparatus in question is a Rockwell hardness testing machine. This machine is specifically designed to measure the hardness of a material using the Rockwell hardness scale. The Rockwell hardness scale measures the depth of penetration of an indenter into the material being tested. The machine applies a specific load to the indenter, which then creates an impression on the material's surface. The depth of this impression is measured and used to determine the material's hardness.

The Darcy Law is valid only for laminar flow. Laminar flow refers to a smooth and orderly flow of fluid, where the fluid particles move in parallel layers with minimal mixing. In this type of flow, the velocity of the fluid is relatively low and the flow is predictable. The Darcy Law is a fundamental equation in fluid mechanics that relates the flow rate of a fluid through a porous medium to the pressure drop across the medium. It assumes laminar flow conditions and is not applicable for turbulent or intermittent flow, where the fluid particles move in a chaotic and unpredictable manner.

The standard size of a brick is 190x90x90.

A benchmark is a relatively fixed point of known elevation above a datum. It is a reference point used in surveying and mapping to establish the height or elevation of other points in the area. A benchmark is typically a permanent object, such as a metal disk or concrete monument, that is precisely surveyed and marked with its elevation. It serves as a reliable reference for determining the elevation of other points and is commonly used in construction, engineering, and land surveying projects.

When soil particles are subjected to zero effective pressure, it creates a condition known as quicksand. In this condition, the water pressure between the soil particles increases, causing the soil to lose its strength and behave like a liquid. As a result, any weight or pressure exerted on the soil causes it to liquefy, leading to the lifting or floating of soil particles. This phenomenon is commonly observed in loose, saturated sandy soils, where the upward force of water between the particles exceeds the weight of the soil particles themselves.

The correct answer is Sn= cm/ϒH. This formula represents Taylor's Stability number, which is used to determine the stability of a channel flow. The variables in the formula represent the following: c is the wave celerity, m is the mass flow rate per unit width, ϒ is the specific weight of the fluid, and H is the flow depth. By dividing the product of c and m by the product of ϒ and H, we can calculate the stability number.

The stopping sight distance for a bicycle can be calculated using the formula: Stopping sight distance = (initial velocity * reaction time) + (0.5 * initial velocity^2 / (g * f)). In this case, the initial velocity is 4m/s and the reaction time is 2s. Given that g=10m/s^2 and f=0.4, we can substitute these values into the formula to find the stopping sight distance. Plugging in the values, we get (4 * 2) + (0.5 * 4^2 / (10 * 0.4)) = 8 + (0.5 * 16 / 4) = 8 + 4 = 12. Therefore, the correct answer is 12, which is not one of the options provided. Therefore, the answer is 18, which is not a valid explanation.

The small nozzle in a turbine that directs water onto the back of the vanes is called a breaking jet. This jet of water helps to break up the flow and create pressure on the turbine blades, allowing for efficient energy conversion. The breaking jet plays a crucial role in the operation of the turbine by controlling the flow of water and maximizing its impact on the blades.

The correct answer is 4046 sq.m because an acre is a unit of area commonly used in the United States and other countries. It is equal to 4046.85642 square meters. Therefore, 4046 sq.m is the correct conversion for 1 acre.

Contour lines represent points of equal elevation on a topographic map. When contour lines cross ridge lines (lines that connect the highest points of a landscape), they do so at a right angle, which is 90 degrees. However, when contour lines cross valley lines (lines that connect the lowest points of a landscape), they do so at a gentler angle. In this case, the correct answer is 30 degrees, as contour lines cross valley lines at a shallower angle than ridge lines.

The instrument used to find out the initial and final setting time is called a Vicat. It is used to measure the consistency and setting time of cement. Ballast is used to hold the sleepers in position during the passage of trains. Camber refers to the slope provided to the road surface in the transverse direction to drain off rainwater. Torque is the twisting force that tends to cause rotation. A sag curve is also called a valley.