NCLEX Pharmacology Quiz 9 (10 Items)
All questions are shown, but the results will only be given after you’ve finished the quiz. You are given 1 minute per question, a total of 10 minutes in this quiz.
- 1.
Mandy. a patient calls the clinic today because he is taking atorvastatin (Lipitor) to treat his high cholesterol and is having pain in both of his legs. You instruct him to:
- A.
Stop taking the drug and make an appointment to be seen next week.
- B.
Continue taking the drug and make an appointment to be seen next week.
- C.
Stop taking the drug and come to the clinic to be seen today.
- D.
Walk for at least 30 minutes and call if symptoms continue.
Correct Answer
C. Stop taking the drug and come to the clinic to be seen today.Explanation
Muscle aches. soreness. and weakness may be early signs of myopathy such as rhabdomyolysis associated with the HMG-CoA reductase class of antilipemic agents. This patient will need an immediate evaluation to rule out myopathy. Additional doses may exacerbate the problem. Exercise will not reverse myopathy and delays diagnosisRate this question:
-
- 2.
Which of the following adverse effects is associated with levothyroxine (Synthroid) therapy?
- A.
Tachycardia
- B.
Bradycardia
- C.
Hypotension
- D.
Constipation
Correct Answer
A. TachycardiaExplanation
Levothyroxine. especially in higher doses. can induce hyperthyroid-like symptoms including tachycardia. An agent that increases the basal metabolic rate would not be expected to induce a slow heart rate. Hypotension would be a side effect of bradycardia. Constipation is a symptom of hypothyroid disease.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
Which of the following adverse effects is specific to the biguanide diabetic drug metformin (Glucophage) therapy?
- A.
Hypoglycemia
- B.
GI distress
- C.
Lactic acidosis
- D.
Somnolence
Correct Answer
C. Lactic acidosisExplanation
Lactic acidosis is the most dangerous adverse effect of metformin administration with death resulting in approximately 50 percent of individuals who develop lactic acidosis while on this drug. Metformin does not induce insulin production; thus. administration does not result in hypoglycemic events. Some nausea. vomiting. and diarrhea may develop but is usually not severe. NVD is not specific for metformin. Metformin does not induce sleepiness.Rate this question:
-
- 4.
The most serious adverse effect of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) overdose is:
- A.
Seizures.
- B.
Hyperpyrexia.
- C.
Metabolic acidosis.
- D.
Cardiac arrhythmias.
Correct Answer
D. Cardiac arrhythmias.Explanation
Excessive ingestion of TCAs result in life-threatening wide QRS complex tachycardia. TCA overdose can induce seizures. but they are typically not life-threatening. TCAs do not cause an elevation in body temperature. TCAs do not cause metabolic acidosis.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
The nurse is aware that the following solutions is routinely used to flush an IV device before and after the administration of blood to a patient is:
- A.
0.9 percent sodium chloride
- B.
5 percent dextrose in water solution
- C.
Sterile water
- D.
Heparin sodium
Correct Answer
A. 0.9 percent sodium chlorideExplanation
0.9 percent sodium chloride is normal saline. This solution has the same osmolarity as blood. Its use prevents red cell lysis. The solutions given in options 2 and 3 are hypotonic solutions and can cause red cell lysis. The solution in option 4 may anticoagulate the patient and result in bleeding.Rate this question:
-
- 6.
Chris asks the nurse whether all donor blood products are cross-matched with the recipient to prevent a transfusion reaction. Which of the following always require cross-matching?
- A.
Packed red blood cells
- B.
Platelets
- C.
Plasma
- D.
Granulocytes
Correct Answer
A. Packed red blood cellsExplanation
Red blood cells contain antigens and antibodies that must be matched between donor and recipient. The blood products in options 2-4 do not contain red cells. Thus. they require no cross-match.Rate this question:
-
- 7.
A month after receiving a blood transfusion an immunocompromised male patient develops fever. liver abnormalities. a rash. and diarrhea. The nurse would suspect this patient has:
- A.
Nothing related to the blood transfusion.
- B.
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
- C.
Myelosuppression.
- D.
An allergic response to a recent medication.
Correct Answer
B. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).Explanation
GVHD occurs when white blood cells in donor blood attack the tissues of an immunocompromised recipient. This process can occur within a month of the transfusion. Options 1 and 4 may be a thought. but the nurse must remember that immunocompromised transfusion recipients are at risk for GVHD.Rate this question:
-
- 8.
Jonas comes into the local blood donation center. He says he is here to donate platelets only today. The nurse knows this process is called:
- A.
Directed donation.
- B.
Autologous donation.
- C.
Allogeneic donation.
- D.
Apheresis.
Correct Answer
D. ApHeresis.Explanation
The process of apheresis involves removal of whole blood from a donor. Within an instrument that is essentially designed as a centrifuge. the components of whole blood are separated. One of the separated portions is then withdrawn. and the remaining components are retransfused into the donor. Directed donation is collected from a blood donor other than the recipient. but the donor is known to the recipient and is usually a family member or friend. Autologous donation is the collection and reinfusion of the patient’s own blood. Allogeneic donation is collected from a blood donor other than the recipient.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
Nurse Bryan knows that the age group that uses the most units of blood and blood products is:
- A.
Premature infants.
- B.
Children ages 1-20 years.
- C.
Adults ages 21-64 years.
- D.
The elderly above age 65 years.
Correct Answer
D. The elderly above age 65 years.Explanation
People older than 65 years use 43 percent of donated blood. This number is expected to increase as the population ages.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
A child is admitted with a serious infection. After two days of antibiotics. he is severely neutropeniC. The physician orders granulocyte transfusions for the next four days. The mother asks the nurse why? The nurse responds:
- A.
“This is the only treatment left to offer the child. ”
- B.
“This therapy is fast and reliable in treating infections in children.”
- C.
“The physician will have to explain his rationale to you.”
- D.
“Granulocyte transfusions replenish the low white blood cells until the body can produce its own.”
Correct Answer
D. “Granulocyte transfusions replenish the low white blood cells until the body can produce its own.”Explanation
Granulocyte (neutrophil) replacement therapy is given until the patient’s blood values are normal and he is able to fight the infection himself. Options 1 and 3 are not therapeutic responses. The treatment in option 2 takes days and is not always able to prevent morbidity and mortality.Rate this question:
-
Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Aug 06, 2017Quiz Created by
Santepro
Back to top