Honors Bio Notes Review #1 (Chapter 1 - Col)
(45).webp "Honors Bio Notes Review #1 (Chapter 1 - Col) - Quiz")
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Science is
- A.
Based on evidence
- B.
Based on hunches
- C.
Involved in only very specific aspects of the Earth.
- D.
Based on educated guesses
Correct Answer
A. Based on evidenceExplanation
Science is based on evidence because it relies on empirical observations, experiments, and data to support or reject hypotheses and theories. Scientists gather evidence through systematic and objective methods to understand the natural world and make predictions about it. This evidence-based approach ensures that scientific conclusions are reliable, verifiable, and subject to scrutiny. By relying on evidence, science seeks to provide explanations and understand phenomena in a rational and logical manner, distinguishing it from hunches or educated guesses that lack empirical support.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which choice would you NOT study in biology?
- A.
Dinosaurs
- B.
Lesser apes
- C.
Cells
- D.
Sedimentary rocks
Correct Answer
D. Sedimentary rocksExplanation
Sedimentary rocks are not typically studied in biology because they are a part of the field of geology, which focuses on the study of rocks, minerals, and the Earth's processes. Biology, on the other hand, is the study of living organisms, including cells, animals, plants, and their interactions. Dinosaurs, lesser apes, and cells are all topics that are commonly studied in biology as they are related to the study of living organisms.Rate this question:
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- 3.
All organisms are made up of at least one _________.
Correct Answer
cell,cell.,Cell,cellsExplanation
All organisms are made up of at least one cell. Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms. They are responsible for carrying out essential life processes such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Cells can exist as single-celled organisms or as part of multicellular organisms. Regardless of the complexity of the organism, cells are the building blocks that make up all living things.Rate this question:
- 4.
Dr. Maria Pascale has discovered a new virus. A virus is smaller than a cell. It does not contain everything that a cell does. This new virus IS NOT an organism.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The given statement is true because the passage clearly states that the new virus discovered by Dr. Maria Pascale is not an organism. It is mentioned that a virus is smaller than a cell and does not contain everything that a cell does. Therefore, based on this information, it can be concluded that the new virus is not an organism.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Bacteria are organisms made of single cells. Bacteria are
- A.
Unicellular
- B.
Multicellular
Correct Answer
A. UnicellularExplanation
Bacteria are unicellular organisms, meaning they are made up of a single cell. Unlike multicellular organisms, such as plants and animals, bacteria do not have specialized cells that perform specific functions. Instead, they have a simple structure that allows them to carry out all necessary processes within a single cell. This includes reproduction, obtaining nutrients, and carrying out metabolic activities. Therefore, the correct answer is unicellular.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Human beings have specialized cells - cells that allow you to breathe, think, move blood, etc. Humans are
- A.
Unicellular
- B.
Multicellular
Correct Answer
B. MulticellularExplanation
Human beings are multicellular organisms because they are composed of multiple specialized cells that work together to perform various functions such as breathing, thinking, and circulating blood. In multicellular organisms, cells differentiate and specialize to form tissues, organs, and organ systems, allowing for the complex functions and structures seen in humans.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Reproduction allows organisms to create
- A.
Another organism of the same species
- B.
Another organism of a different species
- C.
Another organism of the same or a different species
Correct Answer
A. Another organism of the same speciesExplanation
Reproduction is the process through which organisms produce offspring. This allows them to create another organism of the same species. Reproduction ensures the continuation of a species by passing on genetic information to the next generation. It involves the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg) to form a zygote, which develops into a new individual. By producing offspring of the same species, organisms ensure the preservation of their genetic traits and maintain the population size.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The molecule that organisms use for heredity is
- A.
RNA
- B.
DNA
- C.
Proteins
- D.
Carbohydrates
Correct Answer
B. DNAExplanation
DNA is the molecule that organisms use for heredity because it contains the genetic information that is passed down from one generation to the next. DNA is made up of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of genes. These genes contain the instructions for making proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of cells. RNA is also involved in the process of gene expression, but it is derived from DNA and does not contain the complete genetic information. Proteins and carbohydrates are important for various cellular functions, but they do not carry the hereditary information.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The genetic code is
- A.
Unique
- B.
Use only by higher, complex organisms
- C.
Universal
- D.
Selective
Correct Answer
C. UniversalExplanation
The genetic code is universal because it is the same for all living organisms. It is a set of rules that determines how the information in DNA is translated into proteins. This code is shared by all organisms, from bacteria to plants to animals, suggesting that it originated early in the evolution of life and has been conserved throughout time. The universality of the genetic code allows for the exchange of genetic information between different species and enables scientists to study and compare genes across a wide range of organisms.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Humans use DNA.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule found in the cells of all living organisms. It contains the genetic information that determines the traits and characteristics of an organism. Humans, being living organisms, also use DNA. It serves as the blueprint for the development and functioning of our bodies. DNA is responsible for passing on hereditary information from one generation to the next, allowing for the transmission of genetic traits. Therefore, it is correct to say that humans use DNA.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Unicellular organisms use DNA.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Unicellular organisms use DNA because DNA is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the organism's growth, development, and functioning. DNA contains the information necessary for the synthesis of proteins, which are essential for the organism's survival and reproduction. Therefore, it is true that unicellular organisms use DNA.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A small snake gets larger. This is an example of
- A.
Growth
- B.
Development
Correct Answer
A. GrowthExplanation
The given scenario describes a small snake becoming larger over time. This process of increasing in size is commonly referred to as growth. Growth refers to the physical increase in size or mass of an organism. Development, on the other hand, encompasses a broader range of changes, including maturation, differentiation, and the acquisition of new skills or abilities. In this case, since the focus is solely on the snake getting larger, growth is the most appropriate term to describe the situation.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Agatha went through puberty. This is an example of
- A.
Growth
- B.
Development
Correct Answer
B. DevelopmentExplanation
Puberty is a period of significant physical and psychological changes that occur during adolescence, resulting in the development of secondary sexual characteristics and reproductive maturity. Therefore, Agatha going through puberty can be considered as an example of development, as it involves the growth and maturation of her body and mind.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Bill hasn't changed much at all since he was 40. He is now 50. This is an example of
- A.
Growth
- B.
Development
- C.
Neither growth nor development - Bill is no longer an organism.
- D.
Neither growth nor development; Bill is still an organism because he once grew and developed
Correct Answer
D. Neither growth nor development; Bill is still an organism because he once grew and developedExplanation
This answer is correct because it accurately identifies that Bill is still an organism, even though he hasn't changed much since he was 40. The statement acknowledges that Bill once experienced growth and development, but it does not imply that he is currently undergoing any significant changes. Therefore, the answer "neither growth nor development; Bill is still an organism because he once grew and developed" is the most appropriate choice.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which organism does NOT require energy?
- A.
Oak tree
- B.
Plankton
- C.
Jellyfish
- D.
No such organism exists
Correct Answer
D. No such organism existsExplanation
All living organisms require energy to carry out their basic life processes, such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism. Energy is necessary for the functioning of cells and the maintenance of homeostasis. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no organism that does not require energy.Rate this question:
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- 16.
This type of reaction takes a big molecule and breaks it down into little molecules. This is a(n) ________ reaction.
- A.
Catabolic
- B.
Anabolic
Correct Answer
A. CatabolicExplanation
This type of reaction, known as a catabolic reaction, involves breaking down a large molecule into smaller molecules. Catabolic reactions are typically involved in the process of breaking down complex substances, such as food, into simpler forms that can be used for energy or building blocks. This is in contrast to anabolic reactions, which involve the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones.Rate this question:
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- 17.
This type of reaction takes small molecules and joins them to build a bigger molecule. This is a(n) ________ reaction.
- A.
Catabolic
- B.
Anabolic
Correct Answer
B. AnabolicExplanation
Anabolic reactions involve the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller molecules. In this type of reaction, small molecules are joined together to build a bigger molecule. This is in contrast to catabolic reactions, which involve the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules. Therefore, the correct answer is anabolic.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Livings things respond to signals known as _________.
Correct Answer
stimuli,stimulus,stimulExplanation
Living things respond to signals known as stimuli. Stimuli can be internal or external factors that trigger a response in an organism. These signals can be physical, chemical, or environmental in nature. The response to stimuli allows organisms to adapt and survive in their surroundings. The answer includes all the variations of the word "stimulus," which collectively represent the correct term for the signals that living things respond to.Rate this question:
- 19.
Jill uses a laser pen to make circles on the wall. Her cat Patches attempts to catch the laser beam. What is the stimulus?
- A.
Laser pen making circles
- B.
Patches trying to catch the laser beam
Correct Answer
A. Laser pen making circlesExplanation
The stimulus in this scenario is the laser pen making circles. The laser pen emits a bright light that moves in circular motions on the wall, attracting the attention of Patches, the cat. Patches is then stimulated to try and catch the laser beam, which is a response to the stimulus provided by the laser pen.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Karen's blood sugar drops dangerously low. Her liver acts to fix this situation by releasing glycogen, which is converted to glucose (aka blood sugar). What is the response?
- A.
Drop in blood sugar
- B.
Liver releasing glycogen
- C.
Catabolism of glycogen into glucose
Correct Answer
B. Liver releasing glycogenExplanation
When Karen's blood sugar drops dangerously low, her liver responds by releasing glycogen. Glycogen is then converted into glucose through the process of catabolism. This conversion helps to increase Karen's blood sugar levels and bring them back to a normal range.Rate this question:
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- 21.
External conditions generally remain relatively constant.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement suggests that external conditions generally remain relatively constant, but the correct answer is false. This means that external conditions do not typically remain constant and can vary or change over time.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The process of maintaining a stable internal environment even when external conditions change is known as homeostasis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Homeostasis refers to the ability of an organism or system to regulate and maintain a stable internal environment, regardless of changes in external conditions. This is achieved through various physiological mechanisms that help to balance and adjust the body's temperature, pH levels, fluid balance, and other vital parameters. Therefore, the statement "The process of maintaining a stable internal environment even when external conditions change is known as homeostasis" is true.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Positive feedback systems work to maintain homeostasis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Positive feedback systems do not work to maintain homeostasis. Instead, they amplify or enhance a response, leading to a deviation from the normal state. This can be seen in processes such as blood clotting or childbirth, where the initial stimulus triggers a cascade of events that intensify the response. In contrast, negative feedback systems work to maintain homeostasis by counteracting any deviations from the normal state and returning the system to equilibrium.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Negative feedback systems work to maintain homeostasis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Negative feedback systems are a vital part of maintaining homeostasis in the body. These systems work by detecting any changes or deviations from the normal state and then initiating a response to bring the body back to its balanced state. For example, if body temperature rises above the normal range, negative feedback mechanisms will work to decrease the temperature through actions like sweating or widening blood vessels. Therefore, the statement that negative feedback systems work to maintain homeostasis is correct.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Labor and delivery of a newborn results from a negative feedback process.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Labor and delivery of a newborn is not a negative feedback process. It is actually a positive feedback process. During labor, contractions in the uterus stimulate the release of oxytocin, which in turn causes more contractions. This positive feedback loop continues until the baby is delivered. In a negative feedback process, the response opposes the initial stimulus and works to bring the system back to its original state. In the case of labor and delivery, the contractions and release of oxytocin amplify the process rather than opposing it.Rate this question:
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- 26.
When you cut yourself and bleed, chemicals are released that being to form a blood clot to stop the bleeding. These chemicals cause more clot-forming chemicals to be released which help to form the blood clot AND cause the release of MORE chemicals that form blood clots. This is a positive feedback system.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
When you cut yourself and bleed, chemicals are released that initiate the formation of a blood clot to stop the bleeding. These chemicals also trigger the release of more clot-forming chemicals, which further contribute to the formation of the blood clot. Additionally, the release of more chemicals that promote blood clotting is stimulated. This process creates a positive feedback system, where the initial event (bleeding) leads to a cascade of reactions that enhance and reinforce the clotting process. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Evolution involves groups of organisms, whereas development involves a single organism.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Evolution refers to the changes that occur in groups of organisms over time, such as the development of new species or adaptations to the environment. On the other hand, development pertains to the growth and changes that occur within a single organism, from fertilization to adulthood. This means that evolution focuses on the larger scale changes that happen in populations, while development focuses on the individual organism's growth and maturation. Therefore, the statement that evolution involves groups of organisms, whereas development involves a single organism is true.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Adaptions must be inherited.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Adaptations must be inherited because they are genetic traits that are passed down from one generation to the next. This means that an organism can only possess adaptations if they have inherited them from their parents or ancestors. Adaptations are beneficial traits that help an organism survive and reproduce in its environment, and they are the result of natural selection acting on genetic variation. Therefore, for adaptations to be present in a population, they must be inherited through the process of reproduction.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Adaptations do not affect an organism's likelihood of survival.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
This statement is false because adaptations play a crucial role in an organism's likelihood of survival. Adaptations are traits or characteristics that help an organism better survive and reproduce in its environment. These adaptations can include physical features, behaviors, or physiological processes that allow the organism to better compete for resources, avoid predators, or withstand environmental conditions. Without adaptations, an organism may struggle to survive and reproduce successfully, reducing its likelihood of survival.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The color change of the moth is an example of evolution.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The color change of the moth is an example of evolution because it demonstrates a change in the moth's traits over time. Evolution is the process by which species change and adapt to their environment through genetic variations. In this case, the moth's color change is likely a result of natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits (such as better camouflage) are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their genes to future generations. This gradual change in the moth's coloration is a clear example of evolution in action.Rate this question:
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