Cardiovascular System | Myocardial Infarction And Heart Failure NCLEX Quiz 13
All questions are shown, but the results will only be given after you’ve finished the quiz. You are given 1 minute per question, a total of 10 minutes in this quiz.
- 1.
Which of the following classes of medications protects the ischemic myocardium by blocking catecholamines and sympathetic nerve stimulation?
- A.
Beta-adrenergic blockers
- B.
Calcium channel blockers
- C.
Narcotics
- D.
Nitrates
Correct Answer
A. Beta-adrenergic blockersExplanation
Beta-adrenergic blockers work by blocking beta receptors in the myocardium. reducing the response to catecholamines and sympathetic nerve stimulation. They protect the myocardium. helping to reduce the risk of another infarction by decreasing myocardial oxygen demand.Option B: Calcium channel blockers reduce the workload of the heart by decreasing the heart rate.Option C: Narcotics reduce myocardial oxygen demand. promote vasodilation. and decrease anxiety.Option D: Nitrates reduce myocardial oxygen consumption by decreasing left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (preload) and systemic vascular resistance (afterload).Rate this question:
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- 2.
What is the most common complication of an MI?
- A.
Cardiogenic shock
- B.
Heart failure
- C.
Arrhythmias
- D.
Pericarditis
Correct Answer
C. ArrhythmiasExplanation
Arrhythmias. caused by oxygen deprivation to the myocardium. are the most common complication of an MI.Option A: Cardiogenic shock. another complication of an MI. is defined as the end stage of left ventricular dysfunction. This condition occurs in approximately 15% of clients with MI.Option B: Because the pumping function of the heart is compromised by an MI. heart failure is the second most common complication.Option D: Pericarditis most commonly results from a bacterial or viral infection but may occur after the MI.Rate this question:
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- 3.
With which of the following disorders is jugular vein distention most prominent?
- A.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
- B.
Heart failure
- C.
MI
- D.
Pneumothorax
Correct Answer
B. Heart failureExplanation
Elevated venous pressure. exhibited as jugular vein distention. indicates a failure of the heart to pump.Options A and D: JVD isn’t a symptom of abdominal aortic aneurysm or pneumothorax.Option C: An MI. if severe enough. can progress to heart failure. however. in and of itself. an MI doesn’t cause JVD.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Toxicity from which of the following medications may cause a client to see a green-yellow halo around lights?
- A.
Digoxin
- B.
Furosemide (Lasix)
- C.
Metoprolol (Lopressor)
- D.
Enalapril (Vasotec)
Correct Answer
A. DigoxinExplanation
One of the most common signs of digoxin toxicity is the visual disturbance known as the “green-yellow halo sign.” The other medications aren’t associated with such an effect.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following symptoms is most commonly associated with left-sided heart failure?
- A.
Crackles
- B.
Arrhythmias
- C.
Hepatic engorgement
- D.
Hypotension
Correct Answer
A. CracklesExplanation
Crackles in the lungs are a classic sign of left-sided heart failure. These sounds are caused by fluid backing up into the pulmonary system.Option B: Arrhythmias can be associated with both right- and left-sided heart failure.Option D: Left-sided heart failure causes hypertension secondary to an increased workload on the system.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In which of the following disorders would the nurse expect to assess sacral edema in a bedridden client?
- A.
Diabetes
- B.
Pulmonary emboli
- C.
Renal failure
- D.
Right-sided heart failure
Correct Answer
D. Right-sided heart failureExplanation
The most accurate area on the body to assess dependent edema in a bed-ridden client is the sacral area. Sacral. or dependent. edema is secondary to right-sided heart failure.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following symptoms might a client with right-sided heart failure exhibit?
- A.
Adequate urine output
- B.
Polyuria
- C.
Oliguria
- D.
Polydipsia
Correct Answer
C. OliguriaExplanation
Inadequate deactivation of aldosterone by the liver after right-sided heart failure leads to fluid retention. which causes oliguria.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of the following classes of medications maximizes cardiac performance in clients with heart failure by increasing ventricular contractility?
- A.
Beta-adrenergic blockers
- B.
Calcium channel blockers
- C.
Diuretics
- D.
Inotropic agents
Correct Answer
D. Inotropic agentsExplanation
Inotropic agents are administered to increase the force of the heart’s contractions. thereby increasing ventricular contractility and ultimately increasing cardiac output.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system produces which of the following responses?
- A.
Bradycardia
- B.
Tachycardia
- C.
Hypotension
- D.
Decreased myocardial contractility
Correct Answer
B. TachycardiaExplanation
Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes tachycardia and increased contractility. The other symptoms listed are related to the parasympathetic nervous system. which is responsible for slowing the heart rate.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following conditions is most closely associated with weight gain. nausea. and a decrease in urine output?
- A.
Angina pectoris
- B.
Cardiomyopathy
- C.
Left-sided heart failure
- D.
Right-sided heart failure
Correct Answer
D. Right-sided heart failureExplanation
Weight gain. nausea. and a decrease in urine output are secondary effects of right-sided heart failure.Option A: Angina pectoris doesn’t cause weight gain. nausea. or a decrease in urine output.Option B: Cardiomyopathy is usually identified as a symptom of left-sided heart failure.Option C: Left-sided heart failure causes primarily pulmonary symptoms rather than systemic ones.Rate this question:
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Aug 19, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Sep 21, 2017Quiz Created by
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