Respiratory System | Asthma & COPD NCLEX Quiz
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Are you aspiring to be a nurse? Take this educational " Respiratory System | Asthma & COPD NCLEX Quiz" and test your knowledge of the fundamentals of respiratory system care. This quiz is specially designed to test your knowledge thoroughly. If you have a test coming up then this is the perfect quiz to test your knowledge! Make sure to pick the correct option to get a good score. All the very best!
- 1.
A 66-year-old client has marked dyspnea at rest. He is thin and uses accessory muscles to breathe. He’s tachypneic. with a prolonged expiratory phase. He has no cough. He leans forward with his arms braced on his knees to support his chest and shoulders for breathing. This client has symptoms of which of the following respiratory disorders?
- A.
ARDS
- B.
Asthma
- C.
Chronic obstructive bronchitis
- D.
Emphysema
Correct Answer
D. EmpHysemaExplanation
These are classic signs and symptoms of a client with emphysema. Clients with ARDS are acutely short of breath and require emergency care; those with asthma are also acutely short of breath during an attack and appear very frightened. Clients with chronic obstructive bronchitis are bloated and cyanotic in appearance.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A patient has acute bronchitis. While examining the patient, the nurse notices that she has an irregular pulse. The reason behind cardiac arrhythmias during respiratory distress is due to.
- A.
Respiratory acidosis
- B.
A build-up of oxygen in the body without the expelling of carbon dioxide.
- C.
A respiratory infection
- D.
A build-up of carbon dioxide in the body.
Correct Answer
D. A build-up of carbon dioxide in the body.Explanation
During respiratory distress, the body may not be able to effectively remove carbon dioxide, leading to its build-up in the body. This build-up of carbon dioxide can disrupt the normal electrical signals in the heart, causing an irregular pulse or cardiac arrhythmias. This is because high levels of carbon dioxide can affect the balance of electrolytes in the blood, which are necessary for proper heart function. Therefore, the irregular pulse observed in the patient with acute bronchitis is likely due to a build-up of carbon dioxide in the body.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following ABG abnormalities should a doctor anticipate with a patient of COPD?
- A.
Increased PaCO2 levels
- B.
Increased PaO2 levels
- C.
Decreased oxygen saturation
- D.
Increased pH levels
Correct Answer
A. Increased PaCO2 levelsExplanation
In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the airways are narrowed, making it difficult for air to flow in and out of the lungs. This leads to inadequate oxygen exchange and retention of carbon dioxide. As a result, the PaCO2 levels in the blood increase. This is known as respiratory acidosis, which is characterized by a decrease in pH levels. Additionally, due to the impaired gas exchange, the PaO2 levels decrease, leading to decreased oxygen saturation. Therefore, a doctor should anticipate increased PaCO2 levels and decreased oxygen saturation in a patient with COPD.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which amongst the following are possible side effects of consuming metaproterenol?
- A.
Excessive flatulence
- B.
Decreased heart rate.
- C.
Irregular heartbeat
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Irregular heartbeatExplanation
Metaproterenol is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called beta-agonists, which are commonly used to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions. One possible side effect of consuming metaproterenol is an irregular heartbeat. This can occur because beta-agonists can stimulate the beta receptors in the heart, leading to changes in heart rhythm. Other possible side effects of metaproterenol may include increased heart rate, tremors, headache, and dizziness. However, excessive flatulence and decreased heart rate are not commonly associated with metaproterenol use.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following health-boosting activity should a patient with asthma take active participation in?
- A.
Avoid stress as much as possible
- B.
Monitor peak flow number after every meal
- C.
Get enough uninterrupted sleep
- D.
Incorporate enough physical exercise in daily routine
Correct Answer
D. Incorporate enough pHysical exercise in daily routineExplanation
Patients with asthma should incorporate enough physical exercise into their daily routine. Regular exercise can help improve lung function, increase cardiovascular fitness, and strengthen the respiratory muscles. It can also help to reduce stress and anxiety, which are common triggers for asthma symptoms. However, it is important for asthma patients to choose activities that are suitable for their condition and to consult with their healthcare provider before starting any new exercise program.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following is a possible side effect of Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
- A.
Restlessness
- B.
Stomach issues
- C.
Headaches
- D.
Fever
Correct Answer
A. RestlessnessExplanation
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) is a decongestant commonly used to relieve nasal congestion. One of the possible side effects of this medication is restlessness. This can manifest as a feeling of unease or inability to relax. Restlessness is a known side effect of pseudoephedrine due to its stimulant properties, which can increase heart rate and blood pressure. It is important to be aware of this potential side effect when taking pseudoephedrine and to consult a healthcare professional if it becomes bothersome or severe.Rate this question:
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- 7.
It’s highly recommended that clients with asthma. chronic bronchitis. and emphysema have Pneumovax and flu vaccinations for which of the following reasons?
- A.
All clients are recommended to have these vaccines
- B.
These vaccines produce bronchodilation and improve oxygenation.
- C.
These vaccines help reduce the tachypnea these clients experience.
- D.
Respiratory infections can cause severe hypoxia and possibly death in these clients.
Correct Answer
D. Respiratory infections can cause severe hypoxia and possibly death in these clients.Explanation
It’s highly recommended that clients with respiratory disorders be given vaccines to protect against respiratory infection. Infections can cause these clients to need intubation and mechanical ventilation. and it may be difficult to wean these clients from the ventilator. The vaccines have no effect on bronchodilation or respiratory care.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Exercise has which of the following effects on clients with asthma. chronic bronchitis. and emphysema?
- A.
It enhances cardiovascular fitness.
- B.
It improves respiratory muscle strength.
- C.
It reduces the number of acute attacks.
- D.
It worsens respiratory function and is discouraged.
Correct Answer
A. It enhances cardiovascular fitness.Explanation
Exercise can improve cardiovascular fitness and help the client tolerate periods of hypoxia better. perhaps reducing the risk of heart attack. Most exercise has little effect on respiratory muscle strength. and these clients can’t tolerate the type of exercise necessary to do this. Exercise won’t reduce the number of acute attacks. In some instances. exercise may be contraindicated. and the client should check with his physician before starting any exercise program.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Clients with chronic obstructive bronchitis are given diuretic therapy. Which of the following reasons best explains why?
- A.
Reducing fluid volume reduces oxygen demand.
- B.
Reducing fluid volume improves clients’ mobility.
- C.
Restricting fluid volume reduces sputum production.
- D.
Reducing fluid volume improves respiratory function.
Correct Answer
A. Reducing fluid volume reduces oxygen demand.Explanation
Reducing fluid volume reduces the workload of the heart. which reduces oxygen demand and. in turn. reduces the respiratory rate. It may also reduce edema and improve mobility a little. but exercise tolerance will still be harder to clear airways. Reducing fluid volume won’t improve respiratory function. but may improve oxygenation.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A 69-year-old client appears thin and cachectic. He’s short of breath at rest and his dyspnea increases with the slightest exertion. His breath sounds are diminished even with deep inspiration. These signs and symptoms fit which of the following conditions?
- A.
ARDS
- B.
Asthma
- C.
Chronic obstructive bronchitis
- D.
Emphysema
Correct Answer
D. EmpHysemaExplanation
In emphysema. the wall integrity of the individual air sacs is damaged. reducing the surface area available for gas exchange. Very little air movement occurs in the lungs because of bronchial collapse. as well. In ARDS. the client’s condition is more acute and typically requires mechanical ventilation. In asthma and bronchitis. wheezing is prevalent.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A client with emphysema should receive only 1 to 3 L/minute of oxygen. if needed. or he may lose his hypoxic drive. Which of the following statements is correct about hypoxic drive?
- A.
The client doesn’t notice he needs to breathe.
- B.
The client breathes only when his oxygen levels climb above a certain point.
- C.
The client breathes only when his oxygen levels dip below a certain point.
- D.
The client breathes only when his carbon dioxide level dips below a certain point.
Correct Answer
C. The client breathes only when his oxygen levels dip below a certain point.Explanation
Clients with emphysema breathe when their oxygen levels drop to a certain level; this is known as the hypoxic drive. They don’t take a breath when their levels of carbon dioxide are higher than normal. as do those with healthy respiratory physiology. If too much oxygen is given. the client has little stimulus to take another breath. In the meantime. his carbon dioxide levels continue to climb. and the client will pass out. leading to a respiratory arrest.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Teaching for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should include which of the following topics?
- A.
How to have his wife learn to listen to his lungs with a stethoscope from Wal-Mart.
- B.
How to increase his oxygen therapy.
- C.
How to treat respiratory infections without going to the physician.
- D.
How to recognize the signs of an impending respiratory infection.
Correct Answer
D. How to recognize the signs of an impending respiratory infection.Explanation
Respiratory infection in clients with a respiratory disorder can be fatal. It’s important that the client understands how to recognize the signs and symptoms of an impending respiratory infection. It isn’t appropriate for the wife to listen to his lung sounds. besides. you can’t purchase stethoscopes from Wal-Mart. If the client has signs and symptoms of an infection. he should contact his physician at once.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following respiratory disorders is most common in the first 24 to 48 hours after surgery?
- A.
Atelectasis
- B.
Bronchitis
- C.
Pneumonia
- D.
Pneumothorax
Correct Answer
A. AtelectasisExplanation
Atelectasis develops when there’s interference with the normal negative pressure that promotes lung expansion. Clients in the postoperative phase often splint their breathing because of pain and positioning. which causes hypoxia. It’s uncommon for any of the other respiratory disorders to develop.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following measures can reduce or prevent the incidence of atelectasis in a post-operative client?
- A.
Chest physiotherapy
- B.
Mechanical ventilation
- C.
Reducing oxygen requirements
- D.
Use of an incentive spirometer
Correct Answer
D. Use of an incentive spirometerExplanation
Using an incentive spirometer requires the client to take deep breaths and promotes lung expansion. Chest physiotherapy helps mobilize secretions but won’t prevent atelectasis. Reducing oxygen requirements or placing someone on mechanical ventilation doesn’t affect the development of atelectasis.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Emergency treatment of a client in status asthmaticus includes which of the following medications?
- A.
Inhaled beta-adrenergic agents
- B.
Inhaled corticosteroids
- C.
I.V. beta-adrenergic agents
- D.
Oral corticosteroids
Correct Answer
A. Inhaled beta-adrenergic agentsExplanation
Inhaled beta-adrenergic agents help promote bronchodilation. which improves oxygenation. I.V. beta-adrenergic agents can be used but have to be monitored because of their greater systemic effects. They’re typically used when the inhaled beta-adrenergic agents don’t work. Corticosteroids are slow-acting. so their use won’t reduce hypoxia in the acute phase.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Aug 18, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Sep 25, 2017Quiz Created by
Santepro
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