Simmam Sigaram Srip - World Environment Day 2017: Online Quiz #1

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Simmam Sigaram Srip - World Environment Day 2017: Online Quiz #1 - Quiz

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Questions and Answers
  • 1. 

    What is the theme of this years 2017 World Environment Day ?

    • A.

      Forests: Nature at Your Service

    • B.

      Many Species. One Planet. One Future

    • C.

      Connecting People to Nature

    • D.

      Your Planet Needs You - UNite to Combat Climate Change'

    Correct Answer
    C. Connecting People to Nature
    Explanation
    The theme of the 2017 World Environment Day is "Connecting People to Nature." This theme emphasizes the importance of creating a strong bond between individuals and the natural world. It encourages people to appreciate and protect nature, as well as to recognize the benefits and services it provides. By connecting people to nature, the aim is to inspire action and promote sustainable practices that will help conserve and preserve the environment for future generations.

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  • 2. 

    In which year was the first world environmental day celebrated?

    • A.

      1973

    • B.

      1974

    • C.

      1975

    • D.

      1976

    Correct Answer
    A. 1973
    Explanation
    The first World Environmental Day was celebrated in 1973.

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  • 3. 

    What minerals are found in the run-off from agricultural land and treated and untreated sewage effluents, which are highly responsible for eutrophication of water bodies?

    • A.

      Phosphorous and carbon

    • B.

      Nitrogen and phosphorus

    • C.

      Potassium and arsenic

    • D.

      Iron and manganese

    Correct Answer
    B. Nitrogen and pHospHorus
    Explanation
    The correct answer is nitrogen and phosphorus. When agricultural land and sewage effluents run off into water bodies, they release high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus. These minerals act as nutrients for algae and other aquatic plants, causing excessive growth and leading to eutrophication. This process depletes oxygen levels in the water, harming aquatic life and disrupting the ecosystem.

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  • 4. 

    Of the following indications of the health of a water body, which is the most widely accepted means of measuring how polluting an effuent is?

    • A.

      BOD (biological oxygen demand)

    • B.

      PH

    • C.

      Taste

    • D.

      Odour

    Correct Answer
    A. BOD (biological oxygen demand)
    Explanation
    BOD (biological oxygen demand) is the most widely accepted means of measuring how polluting an effluent is. BOD is a measure of the amount of dissolved oxygen required by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material in water. Higher BOD levels indicate higher levels of organic pollution, as more oxygen is needed to break down the pollutants. Therefore, BOD is an important indicator of water quality and the level of pollution in a water body.

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  • 5. 

    Replacing normal tap with aerator fitted tap will reduce

    • A.

      Water consumption

    • B.

      Trade effluent

    • C.

      Hazardous waste

    • D.

      Electricity consumption

    Correct Answer
    A. Water consumption
    Explanation
    Replacing a normal tap with an aerator fitted tap can reduce water consumption. Aerators are devices that mix air with water, resulting in a reduced flow rate while maintaining the same level of water pressure. This means that less water is used when using the tap, leading to lower water consumption. This is beneficial for conserving water resources and reducing water bills.

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  • 6. 

    Which sector is the single-largest consumer of fresh water in India?

    • A.

      Industry

    • B.

      Domestic

    • C.

      Power

    • D.

      Agriculture

    Correct Answer
    D. Agriculture
    Explanation
    Agriculture is the single-largest consumer of fresh water in India. This is because a large portion of the Indian population is engaged in agricultural activities, and irrigation is essential for crop cultivation. The agricultural sector requires a significant amount of water for irrigation purposes, including both surface water and groundwater sources. As a result, agriculture accounts for the highest consumption of fresh water in the country.

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  • 7. 

    Following is the most widely discussed impact of climate change:

    • A.

      Increase in average sea level

    • B.

      Deforestation

    • C.

      Soil erosion

    • D.

      None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Increase in average sea level
    Explanation
    The most widely discussed impact of climate change is the increase in average sea level. This is due to the melting of glaciers and ice caps, as well as the expansion of seawater as it warms. Rising sea levels can lead to coastal flooding, loss of coastal habitats, and increased vulnerability to storm surges. This impact has received significant attention and study, making it a prominent topic in discussions about climate change.

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  • 8. 

    CFCs (chloro-fluoro-carbons) are greenhouse gases that have caused a rise of 0.3 ºC in the global temperatures in the past century. Name the CFC that is used in refrigerators.

    • A.

      Carbon dioxide

    • B.

      Freon

    • C.

      Methane

    • D.

      Ammonia

    Correct Answer
    B. Freon
    Explanation
    Freon is the correct answer because it is a type of CFC that is commonly used in refrigerators. CFCs are greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming, and Freon specifically has been found to have caused a rise of 0.3 ºC in global temperatures over the past century.

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  • 9. 

    Which among the following is most energy efficient?

    • A.

      Incandescent bulb

    • B.

      Fluorescent tube light

    • C.

      Compact fluorescent lamp

    • D.

      LED light

    Correct Answer
    D. LED light
    Explanation
    LED light is the most energy efficient option among the given choices. This is because LED lights use a significantly lower amount of energy compared to incandescent bulbs, fluorescent tube lights, and compact fluorescent lamps. LED lights are designed to convert a higher percentage of electrical energy into light, while minimizing heat production. This makes them more efficient and cost-effective in terms of energy consumption and longevity.

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  • 10. 

    A device is fitted to motor vehicles to chemically reduce some gases produced by internal combustion engines like NOx, CO, and HC into less harmful products. Name this device.

    • A.

      Catalytic converter

    • B.

      2-stroke engines

    • C.

      Carburetor

    • D.

      Tail pipe

    Correct Answer
    A. Catalytic converter
    Explanation
    A catalytic converter is a device fitted to motor vehicles that chemically reduces harmful gases produced by internal combustion engines, such as NOx, CO, and HC, into less harmful products. It contains catalysts that facilitate chemical reactions, converting these gases into less harmful substances before they are released into the atmosphere. This helps to reduce air pollution and improve air quality.

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  • 11. 

    Composting is one of the oldest forms of disposal of waste. It is the natural process of decomposition of organic waste that yields manure or compost. One of the following is added to the compost to get better results.

    • A.

      Ants

    • B.

      Bugs

    • C.

      Snake

    • D.

      Worms

    Correct Answer
    D. Worms
    Explanation
    Worms are added to compost to get better results because they play a crucial role in the decomposition process. They help break down the organic waste by feeding on it and excreting nutrient-rich castings, which enhance the quality of the compost. Worms also help aerate the compost pile by creating tunnels as they move through it, allowing for better circulation of oxygen and promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria. Their presence in compost accelerates the decomposition process and produces a high-quality, nutrient-rich compost that can be used as fertilizer for plants.

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  • 12. 

    SPM in air stands for

    • A.

      Suspended Particulate Matter

    • B.

      Standard Particles Material

    • C.

      Suspended Particles Material

    • D.

      None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Suspended Particulate Matter
    Explanation
    SPM in air stands for Suspended Particulate Matter. This term refers to solid or liquid particles that are suspended in the air. These particles can include dust, smoke, pollen, and other pollutants. SPM is a key indicator of air quality and can have negative effects on human health and the environment. Monitoring and controlling SPM levels is important in order to maintain clean and breathable air.

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  • 13. 

    The current EHS policy was made in year

    • A.

      2013

    • B.

      2014

    • C.

      2015

    • D.

      2016

    Correct Answer
    B. 2014
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 2014. This is the only option provided that falls within the given range of years.

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  • 14. 

    Which of the following are not part of EHS policy?

    • A.

      Compliance to child labor law

    • B.

      Compliance to all applicable statutory requirements

    • C.

      Zero Accidents

    • D.

      Carbon positive

    Correct Answer
    D. Carbon positive
    Explanation
    Carbon positive is not part of EHS policy because EHS (Environment, Health, and Safety) policies primarily focus on ensuring compliance with laws and regulations related to the protection of the environment, health, and safety of employees and the community. Carbon positive, on the other hand, refers to a concept where an organization aims to remove more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than it emits. While it is a commendable goal for organizations to be carbon positive, it is not directly related to EHS policies that primarily deal with compliance and accident prevention.

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  • 15. 

    Which of the following is correct components of green score

    • A.

      CSR (Spent and participation), Sustainability, SMS Compliance

    • B.

      CSR (Participation), Sustainability, SMS Compliance

    • C.

      CSR (Spent and participation), Sustainability, EMS Compliance

    • D.

      CSR (Participation), Sustainability, EMS Compliance

    Correct Answer
    C. CSR (Spent and participation), Sustainability, EMS Compliance
    Explanation
    The correct components of the green score are CSR (Spent and participation), Sustainability, and EMS Compliance. This means that in order to have a high green score, a company must demonstrate active participation and financial investment in corporate social responsibility initiatives, prioritize sustainability practices, and ensure compliance with environmental management systems.

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  • 16. 

    Green score (plant level) for the month of April 2017

    • A.

      38

    • B.

      53

    • C.

      40

    • D.

      48

    Correct Answer
    D. 48
    Explanation
    The given data represents the green scores for the month of April 2017. The scores are 38, 53, 40, and 48. The question asks for the correct answer, which is 48.

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  • 17. 

    EMS Compliance covers which of the following under Green Score

    • A.

      Production control

    • B.

      Quality Control

    • C.

      Operational Control

    • D.

      Safety Incidents

    Correct Answer
    C. Operational Control
    Explanation
    EMS Compliance covers operational control under Green Score. Operational control refers to the measures and procedures implemented by an organization to ensure that its activities are carried out in an environmentally responsible manner. This includes monitoring and managing the use of resources, implementing pollution prevention measures, and ensuring compliance with environmental regulations. By effectively controlling their operations, organizations can minimize their environmental impact and improve their overall green score.

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  • 18. 

    Plant level target for Specific Hazardous Waste Disposal

    • A.

      1.04

    • B.

      0.96

    • C.

      0.9

    • D.

      0.95

    Correct Answer
    D. 0.95
    Explanation
    The plant level target for specific hazardous waste disposal is 0.95. This means that the plant aims to dispose of 95% of its hazardous waste in a safe and appropriate manner. This target indicates the plant's commitment to minimizing the environmental and health risks associated with hazardous waste by ensuring proper disposal practices.

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  • 19. 

    Plant level target for SPC in 2017-18 is

    • A.

      72

    • B.

      70

    • C.

      69

    • D.

      96

    Correct Answer
    C. 69
    Explanation
    The plant level target for SPC in 2017-18 is 69.

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  • 20. 

    SIEG is

    • A.

      Specific industrial energy generation

    • B.

      Specific industrial emission generation

    • C.

      Specific industrial electricity generation

    • D.

      Specific industrial effluent generation

    Correct Answer
    D. Specific industrial effluent generation
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Specific industrial effluent generation." Effluent refers to liquid waste or sewage discharged from industrial processes. This answer suggests that SIEG is related to the generation of such waste in specific industrial settings.

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  • 21. 

    SNPW is

    • A.

      Specific non-product water

    • B.

      Specific non-production water

    • C.

      Specific non-process water

    • D.

      Specific non-polymer water

    Correct Answer
    C. Specific non-process water
    Explanation
    Specific non-process water (SNPW) refers to water that is not used in any production or manufacturing processes. It is water that is not involved in any industrial or commercial activities and is not used for any specific purpose other than basic non-process-related functions such as cleaning, sanitation, or general facility maintenance. This term is commonly used in industries where water plays a crucial role in various processes, and it helps to differentiate between water used for production purposes and water used for non-production purposes.

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  • 22. 

    Non-process water consumption does not include which of the following

    • A.

      Water used in Emulsion processing

    • B.

      Fire hydrant water

    • C.

      Cooling tower water

    • D.

      Canteen hand wash water

    Correct Answer
    A. Water used in Emulsion processing
    Explanation
    Non-process water consumption refers to the water used in activities that are not directly related to the production or manufacturing process. This includes water used for general purposes such as drinking, cleaning, and sanitation. Water used in emulsion processing, on the other hand, is a part of the manufacturing process itself and is considered as process water. Therefore, it is not included in non-process water consumption.

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  • 23. 

    Number of Diesel Generators available in plant

    • A.

      3

    • B.

      4

    • C.

      5

    • D.

      6

    Correct Answer
    C. 5
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 5 because it is the number of diesel generators available in the plant.

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  • 24. 

    Renewable energy (Wind) from SRI plant is taken from

    • A.

      Wind Energy - Kasna and Patancheru

    • B.

      Wind Energy – Kakinada and Panrutti

    • C.

      Wind Energy – Kanchipuram and Perungudi

    • D.

      Wind Energy - Kayatharu and Paruthiyur

    Correct Answer
    D. Wind Energy - Kayatharu and Paruthiyur
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Wind Energy - Kayatharu and Paruthiyur. This is because the question asks for the source of renewable energy (Wind) from the SRI plant. Among the given options, Kayatharu and Paruthiyur are the only locations mentioned that are associated with wind energy. Therefore, it can be inferred that the renewable energy from the SRI plant is taken from these two locations.

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  • 25. 

    Capacity of Solar power plant in SRI is

    • A.

      750 KWp

    • B.

      700 KWp

    • C.

      850 KWp

    • D.

      800 KWp

    Correct Answer
    C. 850 KWp
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 850 KWp. This means that the capacity of the solar power plant in SRI is 850 kilowatts peak (KWp). This indicates the maximum power output that the solar power plant can generate under ideal conditions.

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  • 26. 

    Water Neutrality is

    • A.

      Total rain water harvested/ total rain water consumed

    • B.

      Total Rain water consumed / total fresh water consumed

    • C.

      Total rain water harvested / total fresh water consumed

    Correct Answer
    C. Total rain water harvested / total fresh water consumed
    Explanation
    Water Neutrality is a measure of the balance between the amount of rainwater harvested and the amount of fresh water consumed. It represents the ratio of total rainwater harvested to total fresh water consumed. This ratio indicates how efficiently water resources are being utilized and managed. A higher value signifies a more sustainable and water-efficient approach, as it indicates that a larger proportion of water needs are being met through rainwater harvesting rather than consuming freshwater resources.

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  • 27. 

    Project taken by SRI under water CSR is

    • A.

      Project Refill & Mazhaithuli Uyirthuli

    • B.

      Project Reduce & Mazhaithuli Uyirthuli

    • C.

      Project Refill & Mazhaithuli Siruthuli

    • D.

      Project Reduce & Mazhaithuli Siruthuli

    Correct Answer
    A. Project Refill & Mazhaithuli Uyirthuli
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Project Refill & Mazhaithuli Uyirthuli." This is because the question asks for the project taken by SRI under water CSR, and the combination of "Project Refill" and "Mazhaithuli Uyirthuli" is the only option that includes both elements. The other options either include a different project name or a different second part of the project name.

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  • 28. 

    What are the approvals required for operating a factory from environment angle?

    • A.

      Environment Clearance, Air Consent, Hazardous waste authorization

    • B.

      Environment Clearance, Air & Water Consent, Hazardous waste authorization

    • C.

      Environment Clearance, Effluent Consent, Hazardous waste authorization

    • D.

      Environment Clearance, Air & Effluent Consent, Hazardous waste authorization

    Correct Answer
    B. Environment Clearance, Air & Water Consent, Hazardous waste authorization
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Environment Clearance, Air & Water Consent, Hazardous waste authorization." To operate a factory from an environmental perspective, several approvals are required. These include obtaining an Environment Clearance, which ensures that the factory's activities will not have a significant negative impact on the environment. Additionally, Air and Water Consent are necessary to ensure that the factory's emissions and wastewater discharges meet the required standards. Finally, a Hazardous waste authorization is needed to handle and dispose of any hazardous waste generated by the factory in a safe and environmentally sound manner.

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  • 29. 

    Maximum for how many days Hazardous wastes can be stored in factory before disposal

    • A.

      60

    • B.

      90

    • C.

      100

    • D.

      180

    Correct Answer
    B. 90
    Explanation
    Hazardous wastes can be stored in a factory for a maximum of 90 days before disposal. This time limit ensures that the wastes are not kept for too long, reducing the risk of accidents, leaks, or other environmental hazards. It also encourages prompt disposal and proper management of hazardous materials to minimize their impact on human health and the environment.

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  • 30. 

    Which of the following is not a legal deviation?

    • A.

      Overflow / spillage of effluent into soil and storm water drain

    • B.

      Storage of unidentified and undeclared hazardous waste either inside section or in outside areas

    • C.

      Contamination of storm water drain

    • D.

      Storing less than 10 tons of hazardous wastes inside the factory at any point of time

    Correct Answer
    D. Storing less than 10 tons of hazardous wastes inside the factory at any point of time
    Explanation
    Storing less than 10 tons of hazardous wastes inside the factory at any point of time is not a legal deviation because it does not exceed the specified limit. However, the other options mentioned in the question involve actions that are considered illegal deviations. Overflow or spillage of effluent into soil and storm water drain, storage of unidentified and undeclared hazardous waste, and contamination of storm water drain are all violations of regulations and pose risks to the environment and public health.

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  • 31. 

    Bio-medical wastes to be disposed within

    • A.

      45 hours

    • B.

      24 hours

    • C.

      48 hours

    • D.

      90 hours

    Correct Answer
    C. 48 hours
    Explanation
    Bio-medical wastes need to be disposed of within 48 hours. This is because bio-medical waste, such as used syringes, blood-soaked bandages, or expired medications, can contain harmful pathogens that can spread diseases if not properly handled and disposed of in a timely manner. By disposing of bio-medical waste within 48 hours, the risk of contamination and potential health hazards can be minimized.

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  • 32. 

    Which of the following is not a bio-medical waste?

    • A.

      Discarded medicine

    • B.

      Injections

    • C.

      Needles without syringes

    • D.

      Chemical sludge

    Correct Answer
    D. Chemical sludge
    Explanation
    Chemical sludge is not considered a bio-medical waste because it is not directly generated from healthcare activities. Bio-medical waste refers to waste materials that are generated during the diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals. Discarded medicine, injections, and needles without syringes are all examples of bio-medical waste as they are directly related to medical procedures and can pose a risk to public health if not disposed of properly. On the other hand, chemical sludge is a waste product from industrial or chemical processes and is not directly associated with healthcare activities.

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  • 33. 

    What is the maximum number of days for which e-wastes can be stored inside a factory?

    • A.

      150

    • B.

      175

    • C.

      180

    • D.

      200

    Correct Answer
    C. 180
    Explanation
    The maximum number of days for which e-wastes can be stored inside a factory is 180. This suggests that there may be regulations or guidelines in place that limit the amount of time e-wastes can be stored before they need to be properly disposed of. Storing e-wastes for longer than 180 days could potentially pose environmental and health risks, so it is important to adhere to these time limits.

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  • 34. 

    Sri plant is receiving water from how many borewells inside the factory?

    • A.

      2

    • B.

      3

    • C.

      4

    • D.

      5

    Correct Answer
    B. 3
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 3. This suggests that the Sri plant is receiving water from three borewells inside the factory.

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  • 35. 

    Which of the following is not a source of water for our factory?

    • A.

      Rain Water

    • B.

      Sipcot water

    • C.

      TNPCB water

    • D.

      Borewell water

    Correct Answer
    C. TNPCB water
    Explanation
    TNPCB water is not a source of water for our factory because TNPCB stands for Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, which is a regulatory authority responsible for monitoring and controlling pollution in the state. Therefore, TNPCB water is not a designated source of water for industrial use, but rather a regulatory body overseeing environmental issues.

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  • 36. 

    As a part of water security, we are exploring other sources of water for usage in plant. Which of the following is a source of water which we are experimenting to use

    • A.

      CSTP Water – from common sewage treatment plant

    • B.

      CETP water – from common effluent treatment plant

    • C.

      Pond Water

    • D.

      Ground water

    Correct Answer
    A. CSTP Water – from common sewage treatment plant
    Explanation
    As a part of water security, one of the sources of water that we are experimenting to use is CSTP water, which is obtained from a common sewage treatment plant. This water undergoes treatment processes to remove impurities and contaminants, making it suitable for various uses, including irrigation and industrial purposes. By utilizing CSTP water, we can reduce the strain on freshwater sources and promote sustainable water management practices.

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  • 37. 

    Per day water consumption in SRI plant in 16-17 is

    • A.

      243 KL

    • B.

      343 KL

    • C.

      443 KL

    • D.

      543 KL

    Correct Answer
    B. 343 KL
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 343 KL. This indicates that the daily water consumption in the SRI plant during the period of 16-17 was 343 kiloliters.

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  • 38. 

    How much % of water is consumed from rain water for plant operations?

    • A.

      25%

    • B.

      35%

    • C.

      45%

    • D.

      55%

    Correct Answer
    A. 25%
  • 39. 

    Dense forests created inside the factory for improving bio-diversity is called as

    • A.

      Sri Manam

    • B.

      Sri Vanam

    • C.

      Tree Vanam

    • D.

      Sri Maram

    Correct Answer
    B. Sri Vanam
    Explanation
    Sri Vanam is the correct answer because it refers to the dense forests created inside a factory for improving biodiversity. The term "Sri Vanam" is commonly used in India to describe such forested areas that are specifically designed and maintained within industrial complexes or factories to promote ecological balance and conservation. These forested areas help to enhance the biodiversity by providing a habitat for various plant and animal species, contributing to the overall sustainability and environmental well-being of the factory premises.

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  • 40. 

    Brick, concrete and soil Debris generated out of project activities to be stored in

    • A.

      Scrap yard

    • B.

      E-waste scrap yard

    • C.

      Metal scrap yard

    • D.

      Construction wastes scrap yard

    Correct Answer
    D. Construction wastes scrap yard
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Construction wastes scrap yard" because it specifically mentions "brick, concrete, and soil debris" which are commonly generated during construction projects. This option is the most appropriate place to store these types of construction waste materials. The other options, such as "scrap yard" or "metal scrap yard," do not specify construction waste and may not be suitable for storing these types of materials.

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  • 41. 

    Maximum limit of industrial effluent generation for SRI as per TNPCB is

    • A.

      100KLD

    • B.

      101 KLD

    • C.

      104KLD

    • D.

      108KLD

    Correct Answer
    C. 104KLD
    Explanation
    The maximum limit of industrial effluent generation for SRI as per TNPCB is 104KLD. This means that industries in the SRI region are allowed to generate up to 104 kiloliters per day of effluent. Any effluent generation beyond this limit would be considered non-compliant with the TNPCB regulations.

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  • 42. 

    Which of the following is not an air pollution control systems?

    • A.

      Scrubber in Polymer block and M Block

    • B.

      Dust collectors in Silo area

    • C.

      Process vents in Day tanks

    • D.

      Stacks in Boiler and DGs

    Correct Answer
    C. Process vents in Day tanks
    Explanation
    Process vents in day tanks are not considered air pollution control systems because they are used for releasing excess pressure or vacuum in the tanks, rather than controlling air pollution. Air pollution control systems are designed to remove or reduce pollutants from the air, such as scrubbers that remove pollutants from gas streams, dust collectors that capture and remove particulate matter, and stacks that release exhaust gases safely into the atmosphere.

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  • 43. 

    Which of the following component in the effluent add upto chemical sludge generation from SRI?

    • A.

      TSS - Total suspended soilds

    • B.

      TDS - Total dissolved solids

    • C.

      COD - Chemical oxygen demand

    • D.

      PH

    Correct Answer
    A. TSS - Total suspended soilds
    Explanation
    Total suspended solids (TSS) refers to the solid particles that are present in the effluent and are unable to settle down. These solid particles can come from various sources such as organic matter, inorganic matter, or biological matter. When these solid particles are not effectively removed from the effluent, they can contribute to the generation of chemical sludge. Chemical sludge is formed when these solid particles react with chemicals present in the effluent, leading to the formation of a sludge-like substance. Therefore, TSS is the component in the effluent that adds up to chemical sludge generation from SRI.

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  • 44. 

    Reverse osmosis plants (RO2 and RO4) is used to remove which of the following component in the effluent treatment

    • A.

      TSS

    • B.

      TDS

    • C.

      COD

    • D.

      BOD

    Correct Answer
    A. TSS
    Explanation
    Reverse osmosis plants (RO2 and RO4) are used to remove Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in the effluent treatment process. TSS refers to solid particles that are suspended in water and can cause water pollution. Reverse osmosis is a filtration process that uses a semipermeable membrane to remove impurities and particles from water. By applying pressure, water molecules are forced through the membrane, leaving behind the TSS particles and other contaminants. Therefore, the correct answer is TSS.

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