Dr Gawad Physiology Course Online Exams –descending Tracts, Spinal Cord Transection, Rf, EEG, Sleep

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| By Drgawadgawad

Drgawadgawad

Community Contributor

Quizzes Created: 2 | Total Attempts: 609

Questions: 8 | Attempts: 397 | Updated: Mar 17, 2023

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9 MCQs (Only one correct answer)
Each MCQ: 1 mark, Total mark: 9 (you will get the results immediately with correction by the web)
Passing score 60%
Allowed time: 11 min
Good Luck

dr Mohammed Abdel Gawad

Questions and Answers

1.

Regarding pyramidal tracts:
- A.
  
  Mainly inhibitory to the muscle tone.
- B.
  
  Fibers are mainly crossing the midline.
- C.
  
  All skeletal muscle have dual supply from this tract
- D.
  
  None of the above.
Correct Answer
B. Fibers are mainly crossing the midline.

Explanation
The correct answer is "fibers are mainly crossing the midline." The pyramidal tracts are responsible for controlling voluntary muscle movements. They consist of nerve fibers that originate in the motor cortex of the brain and travel down the spinal cord. These fibers primarily cross the midline of the body, meaning that the motor signals from the brain control muscles on the opposite side of the body. This allows for coordinated movement and control of both sides of the body.

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2.

Regarding extrapyramidal tracts:
- A.
  
  Are only stimulatory to the AHC
- B.
  
  The lateral tectospinal tract is considered with the audiospinal reflexs.
- C.
  
  Basal ganglia are included in the central control of this tracts
- D.
  
  None of the above.
Correct Answer
C. Basal ganglia are included in the central control of this tracts

Explanation
The basal ganglia are involved in the central control of extrapyramidal tracts. These tracts are responsible for involuntary movements and are separate from the pyramidal tracts that control voluntary movements. The basal ganglia help regulate and modulate the activity of the extrapyramidal tracts, ensuring smooth and coordinated movement. Therefore, the statement that basal ganglia are included in the central control of these tracts is correct.

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3.

About the spinal cord transaction, which of the following is not true:
- A.
  
  The spinal reflex are lost during the stage of the spinal shock.
- B.
  
  Mortality is mainly due to urinary tract infection.
- C.
  
  Patient with spinal transection at T1 has higher blood pressure than a patient with transection at T12
- D.
  
  Devervation sensitivity explains stage of recovery
Correct Answer
C. Patient with spinal transection at T1 has higher blood pressure than a patient with transection at T12

Explanation
The statement "patient with spinal transection at T1 has higher blood pressure than a patient with transection at T12" is not true. In fact, a patient with spinal transection at T1 would have lower blood pressure compared to a patient with transection at T12. This is because the sympathetic nervous system, which controls blood pressure, is affected by spinal cord injuries. The higher up the injury is, the more severe the impact on blood pressure regulation.

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4.

Which of the following descending tract will inhibit muscle contraction:
- A.
  
  Corticospinal tract
- B.
  
  Corticonuclear tract
- C.
  
  Contralateral reticular formation descending tract
- D.
  
  Tract responsible for audiospinal reflex
Correct Answer
C. Contralateral reticular formation descending tract

Explanation
The contralateral reticular formation descending tract is responsible for inhibiting muscle contraction. This tract sends signals from the brainstem to the spinal cord to suppress muscle activity. This inhibition helps to regulate and control muscle movements, preventing excessive or unwanted contractions.

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5.

Regarding Brown Sequard syndrome, which is false:
- A.
  
  Dorsal column sensations from ipsilateral part of the body below the lesion are lost
- B.
  
  Spinothalamic tract sensations from ipsilateral part of the body below the lesion are intact
- C.
  
  UMNL of ipsilateral muscles below the lesion
- D.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
D. None of the above

Explanation
The statement "None of the above" is the correct answer because all of the statements provided are true regarding Brown Sequard syndrome. In this condition, there is a hemisection or damage to one side of the spinal cord. This results in the loss of dorsal column sensations from the ipsilateral part of the body below the lesion, while the spinothalamic tract sensations from the ipsilateral part of the body below the lesion remain intact. Additionally, there is an upper motor neuron lesion (UMNL) of the ipsilateral muscles below the lesion. Therefore, none of the statements are false.

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6.

Regarding spinal shock phase, which is false:
- A.
  
  Sensations below lesion are lost
- B.
  
  Motor function below lesion is lost
- C.
  
  Autonomic bowel and bladder function is intact
- D.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Autonomic bowel and bladder function is intact

Explanation
During the spinal shock phase, the body experiences a temporary loss of reflexes and functions below the level of the spinal cord injury. Sensations and motor function below the lesion are typically lost during this phase. However, autonomic bowel and bladder function is not intact during spinal shock. This means that the individual may experience loss of control over their bowel and bladder movements.

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7.

Which of the following will never be affected in syringomyelia:
- A.
  
  Lateral spinothalamic tract.
- B.
  
  Dorsal column leminiscus pathway.
- C.
  
  Lower motor neuron.
- D.
  
  None of above
Correct Answer
B. Dorsal column leminiscus pathway.

Explanation
The dorsal column leminiscus pathway will never be affected in syringomyelia because syringomyelia is a condition characterized by the formation of a fluid-filled cavity within the spinal cord, which typically affects the central gray matter. The dorsal column leminiscus pathway, which is responsible for transmitting touch, vibration, and proprioception sensations, is located in the posterior part of the spinal cord, away from the central gray matter. Therefore, it is not directly affected by the fluid-filled cavity and remains intact.

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8.

Regarding REM sleep, which is true:
- A.
  
  Heart rate is regular
- B.
  
  Respiratory rate is regular
- C.
  
  Dreams can be consolidated
- D.
  
  Muscle tone is markedly increased
Correct Answer
C. Dreams can be consolidated

Explanation
During REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep, dreams can be consolidated. This is because REM sleep is characterized by intense brain activity and vivid dreaming. During this stage, the brain consolidates and processes emotional experiences and memories, which can result in the formation of dreams. The other statements are not true for REM sleep. Heart rate and respiratory rate may vary during REM sleep, and muscle tone is actually decreased, causing temporary paralysis to prevent acting out dreams.

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Current Version
Mar 17, 2023

Quiz Edited by
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Dec 03, 2015

Quiz Created by
Drgawadgawad

Dr Gawad Physiology Course Online Exams –descending Tracts, Spinal Cord Transection, Rf, EEG, Sleep

Regarding pyramidal tracts:

Regarding extrapyramidal tracts:

About the spinal cord transaction, which of the following is not true:

Which of the following descending tract will inhibit muscle contraction:

Regarding Brown Sequard syndrome, which is false:

Regarding spinal shock phase, which is false:

Which of the following will never be affected in syringomyelia:

Regarding REM sleep, which is true: