Information Theory And Organisational Change

1.

Consider the following statement: "the introduction of IT affects the competencies of the people in the work unit". This is an example of:

A.

Micro-level analysis
B.

Macro-level analysis
C.

Mixed-level analysis

Correct Answer
A. Micro-level analysis

Explanation
The statement refers only to smaller entities (people)

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2.

What is the role of time in the process theory?

A.

Static
B.

Bidirectional
C.

Longitudinal
D.

Disproportional

Correct Answer
C. Longitudinal

Explanation
In the process theory, the role of time is longitudinal. This means that time is a crucial factor in understanding and analyzing processes. Longitudinal perspective focuses on studying processes over a period of time, allowing researchers to observe changes, patterns, and developments that occur over time. By considering the longitudinal aspect, the process theory aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how processes unfold and evolve.

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3.

“The motives and actions of the designers of information technologies are a cause of organizational change”Which perspective is described here?

A.

Technological imperative
B.

Organisational imperative
C.

Emergent perspective

Correct Answer
B. Organisational imperative

Explanation
The explanation for the correct answer, "Organisational imperative," is that this perspective emphasizes that the motives and actions of designers of information technologies are driven by the needs and goals of the organization. In this perspective, organizational change is seen as a result of deliberate decisions made by those in charge, rather than being solely driven by technological advancements or emerging trends. This perspective recognizes that technology is shaped and utilized in ways that align with the organization's objectives and strategies.

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4.

Which of the following is not one of the Causal Agencies mentioned today?

A.

Technological Imperative
B.

Organizational Imperative
C.

Divergent Perspective
D.

Emergent Perspective

Correct Answer
C. Divergent Perspective

Explanation
The correct answer is "Divergent Perspective" because the question asks for the option that is not mentioned as one of the causal agencies mentioned today. While "Technological Imperative," "Organizational Imperative," and "Emergent Perspective" are mentioned, "Divergent Perspective" is not mentioned as one of the causal agencies. Therefore, it is the correct answer.

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5.

In Emergent Perspective, Organizational change emerges from:

A.

Unpredictable interaction between information technology and its users
B.

Motives and actions of the designers of information technologies
C.

Information technologies that constrains the behavior of individuals and organizations

Correct Answer
A. Unpredictable interaction between information technology and its users

Explanation
In the Emergent Perspective, organizational change is believed to emerge from the unpredictable interaction between information technology and its users. This perspective suggests that change does not solely depend on the motives and actions of the designers of information technologies or the constraints imposed by these technologies on individuals and organizations. Instead, it emphasizes the dynamic and unpredictable nature of the interaction between technology and its users as the driving force behind organizational change.

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6.

Lack of which support affects the acceptance of Organisational Imperative theories

A.

Individual
B.

Organizational
C.

Empirical
D.

Conceptual

Correct Answer
C. Empirical

Explanation
The lack of empirical support affects the acceptance of Organisational Imperative theories. Empirical support refers to the availability of evidence and data that supports the theories. Without empirical support, the theories may be seen as lacking credibility and reliability. Empirical support is crucial in validating and reinforcing the claims and predictions made by Organisational Imperative theories. It provides a basis for decision-making and implementation within organizations. Therefore, the absence of empirical support can hinder the acceptance and adoption of these theories.

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7.

What is the logical form of a variance theory?

A.

If X then Y; if more X, same amount of Y
B.

If X then Y; if more X, more Y
C.

If X then Y; can not be extended to more X or more Y
D.

If not X, then not Y; can not be extended to more X or more Y

Correct Answer
B. If X then Y; if more X, more Y

Explanation
The correct answer suggests that the logical form of a variance theory is "If X then Y; if more X, more Y." This means that if X is true, then Y is also true, and if there is an increase in X, there will also be an increase in Y. This logical form implies a direct relationship between X and Y, where an increase in one variable leads to a corresponding increase in the other variable.

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8.

The theory: "in order for plants to grow, water is necessary, but on its own it is not sufficient" is an example of a

A.

Variance theory
B.

Process theory
C.

Conceptual theory
D.

Empirical theory

Correct Answer
B. Process theory

Explanation
The theory that states "in order for plants to grow, water is necessary, but on its own it is not sufficient" is an example of a process theory. This is because it describes a specific process or sequence of events that need to occur for plants to grow. It acknowledges that water is an important factor in plant growth, but also highlights that it is not the only factor necessary for plants to thrive. This theory suggests that other factors such as sunlight, nutrients, and proper soil conditions are also essential for plant growth.

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9.

With a variance theory you can model a real world phenomenon easier than with a process theory.

A.

True
B.

False

Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
A variance theory allows for easier modeling of real-world phenomena compared to a process theory because it focuses on the variability or differences between different instances or occurrences of the phenomenon. By understanding and analyzing the variations in the data, a variance theory can provide insights and explanations for the observed patterns or outcomes. In contrast, a process theory focuses on understanding the underlying mechanisms or causal relationships that drive the phenomenon, which can be more complex and challenging to model accurately. Therefore, using a variance theory can simplify the modeling process and make it easier to represent and explain real-world phenomena.

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