1.
Premolars and molars are used for _____ food.
Correct Answer
C. Grinding
Explanation
Premolars and molars are used for grinding food. These teeth have flat surfaces with ridges called cusps, which help in breaking down food into smaller particles. Unlike incisors and canines, premolars and molars are not designed for tearing or cutting food. Therefore, the correct answer is grinding.
2.
Permanent maxillary molars have _____ roots.
Correct Answer
A. Three
Explanation
Permanent maxillary molars typically have three roots. This is a common characteristic of these molars, with each root providing stability and support to the tooth. The three roots are known as the mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and palatal roots. They are positioned in different directions, allowing for effective anchorage and distribution of forces during chewing and biting. The presence of three roots in permanent maxillary molars helps ensure their long-term durability and functionality.
3.
In the Universal Numbering System, the maxillary permanent premolars are:
Correct Answer
B. #14, #15, #24, and #25.
4.
There are ___ teeth in a quadrant of the primary dentition.
Correct Answer
A. 5
Explanation
In the primary dentition, there are usually 20 teeth in total, with 10 teeth in each arch. A quadrant refers to one-fourth of the mouth, so in a quadrant of the primary dentition, there would be half of the total number of teeth in that arch. Therefore, in a quadrant of the primary dentition, there would be 5 teeth.
5.
How many canines are in a quadrant of the permanent dentition?
Correct Answer
A. 1
Explanation
In the permanent dentition, there is only one canine tooth in each quadrant. Canine teeth are the pointed teeth located on either side of the incisors, and they are used for tearing and grasping food. Therefore, the correct answer is 1.
6.
There are _____ molars in the permanent dentition.
Correct Answer
D. 12
Explanation
The permanent dentition refers to the set of teeth that replace the primary or baby teeth. In the permanent dentition, there are a total of 12 molars. Molars are the larger, flatter teeth located at the back of the mouth, used for grinding and chewing food.
7.
Canines are also referred to as:
Correct Answer
D. Both b and c.
Explanation
Canines are the sharp, pointed teeth located on either side of the incisors in humans and other mammals. They are also commonly referred to as "eyeteeth" or "cuspids." Therefore, the correct answer is "both b and c" since both terms are used to describe canines.
8.
Characteristics of the primary dentition include:
Correct Answer
C. Relatively large pulp chambers.
Explanation
The primary dentition refers to the set of baby teeth that children have before their permanent teeth come in. One of the characteristics of primary dentition is relatively large pulp chambers. The pulp chamber is the hollow space inside the tooth that contains blood vessels and nerves. In primary teeth, the pulp chambers are larger compared to permanent teeth because the primary teeth are smaller in size. This is important for the development and vitality of the primary teeth as they play a crucial role in chewing and speech development during childhood.
9.
The first premolar is posterior to the _____ while the second premolar is anterior to the _____.
Correct Answer
B. Canine, first molar
Explanation
The first premolar is located behind the canine tooth and in front of the first molar. Similarly, the second premolar is located behind the first molar. Therefore, the first premolar is posterior to the canine and the second premolar is anterior to the first molar.
10.
The bony ridge over the labial portion of the roots of the canines that helps to form the facial contours is the:
Correct Answer
D. Canine eminence.
Explanation
The correct answer is canine eminence. The canine eminence refers to the bony ridge over the labial portion of the roots of the canines. It helps to form the facial contours, giving the face a more defined appearance. The cusp is a pointed or rounded projection on the crown of a tooth, not related to the bony ridge. Canus is not a dental term, and imbrication line refers to the overlapping of enamel rods, not the bony ridge over the roots of canines.
11.
The _____ often appear as a developmental anomaly, differing in size, shape, contour, and relative position.
Correct Answer
C. Maxillary and mandibular third molars
Explanation
The maxillary and mandibular third molars often appear as a developmental anomaly, differing in size, shape, contour, and relative position.
12.
Most maxillary first premolars are considered to be ______ because they have a root that is divided into two roots.
Correct Answer
A. Bifurcated
Explanation
Most maxillary first premolars are considered to be bifurcated because they have a root that is divided into two roots. This means that the root of the tooth splits into two separate branches, which is a common characteristic of maxillary first premolars.
13.
A mandibular canine tooth:
Correct Answer
A. Usually erupts before the maxillary canine.
Explanation
Mandibular canine tooth usually erupts before the maxillary canine because the mandibular arch develops and erupts earlier than the maxillary arch. This is a common pattern in tooth eruption, where the lower teeth tend to erupt before the upper teeth. The timing of eruption is influenced by various factors such as genetic factors, jaw size, and tooth development.
14.
The difference(s) between the maxillary and mandibular central incisors is(are):
Correct Answer
D. Both a and b.
Explanation
The correct answer is "both a and b." This means that both statements a and b are true. Statement a states that the maxillary central incisors are larger than the mandibular central incisors in all dimensions. Statement b states that the labial surfaces of the maxillary central incisors are more rounded from the incisal aspect than those of the mandibular central incisors. Therefore, the difference between the maxillary and mandibular central incisors is that the maxillary ones are larger and have more rounded labial surfaces.
15.
The developmental groove that extends mesiodistally and divides the occlusal table in half is the _____ groove.
Correct Answer
A. Marginal
Explanation
The correct answer is "marginal." The explanation for this is that the marginal groove is a developmental groove that extends mesiodistally and divides the occlusal table in half. It is located near the marginal ridge of the tooth and helps to separate the cusps or lobes of the tooth. The other options, triangular and central, do not accurately describe the groove that is being referred to in the question.
16.
The cusp of Carabelli is found on the:
Correct Answer
C. Maxillary first molars.
Explanation
The cusp of Carabelli is a small additional cusp found on the mesiolingual aspect of the maxillary first molars. It is not present on premolars, central incisors, or maxillary second molars.
17.
The _____ are sometimes referred to as “wisdom” teeth.
Correct Answer
C. Third molars
Explanation
The third molars are sometimes referred to as "wisdom" teeth.
18.
The mandibular lateral incisors are:
Correct Answer
B. Larger than the mandibular central incisors.
Explanation
The mandibular lateral incisors are larger than the mandibular central incisors. This is a characteristic feature of the mandibular teeth, where the lateral incisors are slightly larger in size compared to the central incisors.
19.
The incisal surface of an anterior tooth is also known as the:
Correct Answer
C. Incisal edge.
Explanation
The incisal surface of an anterior tooth refers to the biting edge of the tooth, which is used for cutting and tearing food. This term specifically applies to the front teeth, known as incisors. The other options mentioned, such as facial surface and labial surface, refer to the outer surface of the tooth, while incisal ridge refers to the curved ridge on the cutting edge of the tooth. Therefore, the correct term for the biting edge of an anterior tooth is the incisal edge.
20.
The largest and strongest teeth in the maxillary dentition are the maxillary:
Correct Answer
A. First molars.
Explanation
The first molars are the largest and strongest teeth in the maxillary dentition. They are located towards the back of the mouth and have a larger surface area and stronger roots compared to other teeth. These molars are designed for grinding and chewing food, making them essential for proper digestion.
21.
In the Universal Numbering System, the four first permanent molars are:
Correct Answer
B. #3, #14, #19, and #30.
22.
A common anomaly of the maxillary lateral incisors that is characterized by the tooth being abnormally pointed or tapered in shape is called:
Correct Answer
C. Pegged laterals.
Explanation
Pegged laterals refer to a common anomaly of the maxillary lateral incisors where the tooth is abnormally pointed or tapered in shape. This condition is characterized by the tooth resembling a peg or a small cone. It is a dental term used to describe the shape of these teeth and is often seen as a cosmetic concern.
23.
The maxillary second premolar differs from the maxillary first premolar in that the:
Correct Answer
C. Second premolar has only one root, and therefore only one root canal.
Explanation
The maxillary second premolar differs from the maxillary first premolar in that it has only one root, and therefore only one root canal. This is in contrast to the maxillary first premolar, which typically has two roots and two root canals.
24.
The primary dentition has _____ molars and _____ premolars.
Correct Answer
B. 8; 0
Explanation
The primary dentition refers to the set of teeth that a child has before their permanent teeth erupt. In the primary dentition, there are a total of 20 teeth. These include 8 molars and 0 premolars. Molars are the larger, flatter teeth towards the back of the mouth, while premolars are the smaller teeth that come after the canines. Therefore, the correct answer is 8 molars and 0 premolars.
25.
The _____ premolar has two bifurcated roots.
Correct Answer
B. Maxillary first
Explanation
The maxillary first premolar is the correct answer because it is the only premolar in the given options that has two bifurcated roots. Bifurcated means divided into two branches or forks, and the maxillary first premolar typically has a mesial and a distal root. The mandibular premolars, on the other hand, usually have one root.
26.
The permanent _____ replace the primary first and second molars.
Correct Answer
C. Premolars
Explanation
The permanent premolars replace the primary first and second molars. This is because the premolars are the teeth that come after the primary molars in the dental development sequence. As the primary molars are shed, the permanent premolars erupt to take their place.
27.
The raised border on the mesial and distal surfaces of the lingual surface of anterior teeth is the:
Correct Answer
C. Marginal ridge.
Explanation
The raised border on the mesial and distal surfaces of the lingual surface of anterior teeth is known as the marginal ridge. The marginal ridge helps to define the shape and contour of the tooth, providing support and stability to the adjacent teeth. It also helps in the proper alignment and occlusion of the teeth during biting and chewing. The other options, such as fossa, cingulum, and mamelon, do not accurately describe the raised border on the mesial and distal surfaces of the lingual surface of anterior teeth.
28.
There are how many incisors in each arch of the permanent dentitions?
Correct Answer
B. 4
Explanation
In each arch of the permanent dentitions, there are four incisors. Incisors are the front teeth that are used for cutting and biting food. They are located in the front of the mouth and are typically the first teeth to erupt in both the upper and lower jaws. The four incisors in each arch include two central incisors and two lateral incisors.
29.
The maxillary second premolar differs from the maxillary first premolar in that the:
Correct Answer
B. Cusps of second premolars are not as sharp as those of first premolars.
Explanation
The cusps of second premolars are not as sharp as those of first premolars. This means that the cusps on the second premolar are less pointed or tapered compared to the cusps on the first premolar. This difference in cusp shape is a distinguishing characteristic between these two teeth.
30.
There are how many premolars in the permanent dentition?
Correct Answer
D. 8
Explanation
In the permanent dentition, there are a total of 8 premolars. Premolars are the teeth located between the canines and molars in each quadrant of the mouth. They are used for chewing and grinding food.
31.
There are no ______ in the primary dentition.
Correct Answer
C. Premolars
Explanation
In the primary dentition, which refers to the set of teeth that children have before their permanent teeth come in, there are no premolars. Premolars are the teeth that come after the canines and before the molars. However, in the primary dentition, the teeth consist of incisors, canines, and molars.
32.
A _____ is a pinpoint depression in the occlusal surface of a posterior tooth where two or more grooves meet.
Correct Answer
B. Pit
Explanation
A pit is a pinpoint depression in the occlusal surface of a posterior tooth where two or more grooves meet. It is a small, shallow area that can collect food debris and bacteria, making it susceptible to decay. Pits are often found in molars and premolars and can be difficult to clean properly with regular brushing and flossing. Therefore, pits are prone to developing cavities and may require dental treatment to prevent further damage to the tooth.
33.
An unusually large space between adjacent teeth is known as a:
Correct Answer
D. Diastema.
Explanation
A diastema refers to an unusually large space between adjacent teeth. It is a condition that can occur due to various reasons such as tooth loss, undersized teeth, or an oversized labial frenum. This gap can be seen most commonly between the two upper front teeth but can also occur in other areas of the mouth. Treatment options for a diastema include orthodontic treatment, dental bonding, or dental veneers.
34.
The root of the mandibular second premolar is ______ than that of a mandibular first premolar, but ______ than the roots of the maxillary premolars.
Correct Answer
B. Longer; shorter
Explanation
The root of the mandibular second premolar is longer than that of a mandibular first premolar, but shorter than the roots of the maxillary premolars.
35.
The root of the maxillary lateral incisor:
Correct Answer
C. May curve slightly to the distal.
Explanation
The correct answer is that the root of the maxillary lateral incisor may curve slightly to the distal. This means that the root of this tooth, which is located in the upper jaw, may have a slight curvature towards the back of the mouth. This is a common anatomical variation and is important to consider when performing dental procedures or treatments involving this tooth.
36.
The _____ are the longest teeth in the permanent dentition and are known as the cornerstone of the dental arches.
Correct Answer
A. Canines
Explanation
The canines are the longest teeth in the permanent dentition and are known as the cornerstone of the dental arches. They have a pointed shape and are located on either side of the incisors. Canines play an important role in biting and tearing food, as well as providing support and stability to the dental arches.
37.
The smallest teeth in the permanent dentition are the:
Correct Answer
B. Mandibular central incisors.
Explanation
The mandibular central incisors are the smallest teeth in the permanent dentition. This is because they are located in the front of the mouth and are generally smaller in size compared to other teeth. The maxillary lateral incisors and maxillary central incisors are larger in size, while the mandibular canines are also larger and have a more pointed shape. Therefore, the mandibular central incisors are the correct answer as they are the smallest teeth in the permanent dentition.
38.
Using the Universal/National Teeth-Numbering System, what are the numbers for the permanent third molars?
Correct Answer
C. 1, 16, 17, 32
Explanation
The correct answer is 1, 16, 17, 32. The Universal/National Teeth-Numbering System assigns specific numbers to each tooth in the mouth. In this system, the permanent third molars are numbered as 1, 16, 17, and 32.
39.
The third molars and the _____ vary in form more than any other teeth in the mouth.
Correct Answer
B. Maxillary lateral incisors
Explanation
The third molars and the maxillary lateral incisors vary in form more than any other teeth in the mouth. This means that these two types of teeth have the most variation in their shape and appearance compared to all the other teeth.
40.
The size, shape, color, and position of the _____ directly relate to how a person looks.
Correct Answer
C. Anterior teeth
Explanation
The size, shape, color, and position of the anterior teeth directly relate to how a person looks. The anterior teeth, which include the incisors and canines, are the front teeth that are visible when a person smiles or speaks. These teeth play a crucial role in the aesthetics of a person's smile and overall facial appearance. The size, shape, color, and position of these teeth can greatly impact the symmetry, balance, and attractiveness of a person's face.
41.
Which of the following adult teeth is nonsuccedaneous?
Correct Answer
D. Mandibular left second molar
Explanation
The mandibular left second molar is the correct answer because it is a permanent tooth that does not replace a primary (baby) tooth. Nonsuccedaneous teeth are permanent teeth that do not have primary predecessors. The other options listed in the question are succedaneous teeth, which means they replace primary teeth.
42.
The rounded enamel extensions on the incisal ridge of newly erupted central and lateral incisors are called:
Correct Answer
A. Mamelons.
Explanation
Mamelons are rounded enamel extensions found on the incisal ridge of newly erupted central and lateral incisors. They are commonly seen in children and gradually wear down over time. Mamelons are considered a normal anatomical feature and are not present in all individuals. They can sometimes be mistaken for chips or fractures in the teeth, but they are actually just natural variations in tooth morphology.
43.
The primary teeth are classified in the Universal/National System using:
Correct Answer
C. Letters A through T.
Explanation
The primary teeth are classified in the Universal/National System using letters A through T. This system assigns a letter to each tooth in the mouth, with A being the upper right second molar and T being the lower left second molar. This classification system is widely used in dentistry to easily identify and communicate about specific primary teeth.
44.
The area where the cusp ridges converge at a central point on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth is the:
Correct Answer
B. Central fossa.
Explanation
The area where the cusp ridges converge at a central point on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth is known as the central fossa. This is a depression or concavity in the tooth's surface that is located in the center, where the cusps come together. It is important for proper occlusion and chewing function. The other options, such as triangular fossa and grooves, are not accurate descriptions of this specific area on the occlusal surface.
45.
Which statement is NOT true of the maxillary canines?
Correct Answer
D. The crown of the maxillary canine is in longer than the crown of the mandibular canine.
Explanation
The statement "The crown of the maxillary canine is in longer than the crown of the mandibular canine" is not true. The crown of the maxillary canine is typically longer than the crown of the mandibular canine.
46.
Correct contact between adjacent teeth is important because proper contact:
Correct Answer
D. Does all of the above.
Explanation
Proper contact between adjacent teeth is important because it helps prevent food from being trapped between the teeth, stabilizes the dental arch by holding teeth in positive contact with each other, and protects the interproximal gingival tissue from trauma during chewing.
47.
The decidious dentition has some teeth of both dentitions present.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The deciduous dentition refers to the set of teeth that are present in young children before their permanent teeth come in. These primary or baby teeth are eventually replaced by the permanent teeth. The statement that "the deciduous dentition has some teeth of both dentitions present" is false because the deciduous dentition only consists of primary teeth and does not include any permanent teeth.
48.
Centric occlusion is the maximum contact between the occluding surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Centric occlusion refers to the position where the upper and lower teeth make maximum contact. It is the habitual biting position that allows for proper functioning of the teeth and jaw. In this position, the occluding surfaces of the upper and lower teeth are in their most stable and aligned position. Therefore, the statement that centric occlusion is the maximum contact between the occluding surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth is true.
49.
The mandibular canines are usually the first permanent teeth to erupt in the oral cavity.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The mandibular canines are not usually the first permanent teeth to erupt in the oral cavity. The first permanent teeth to erupt are typically the mandibular first molars, which usually appear around the age of 6. The mandibular canines typically erupt after the mandibular first molars, usually around the age of 9-10. Therefore, the statement is false.
50.
Class lll of Angles classifications is also considered neutrocclusion
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The statement in the question is incorrect. Class III of Angle's classifications is not considered neutrocclusion. Neutrocclusion refers to the ideal occlusion where the upper and lower teeth align properly. Class III occlusion, on the other hand, is a type of malocclusion where the lower jaw protrudes forward, causing the lower teeth to overlap the upper teeth. Therefore, the correct answer is False.