Nervous System - The Brain And Cranial Nerves
The nervous system has the brain and spinal cord to well coordinate the actions of animals and we have the cranial nerves, which are essentially from the brain. Learn more on their role in the nervous system below.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is the structure labeled a?
- A.
Temporal lobe
- B.
Parietal lobe
- C.
Central sulcus
- D.
Frontal lobe
Correct Answer
B. Parietal lobeExplanation
The structure labeled "a" is the parietal lobe. The parietal lobe is located at the top of the brain and is responsible for processing sensory information from the body, such as touch, temperature, and pain. It also plays a role in spatial awareness, perception, and attention.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What is the structure labeled b?
Correct Answer
temporal lobeExplanation
The structure labeled b is the temporal lobe. The temporal lobe is one of the four major lobes of the brain and is responsible for processing auditory information, memory, and language comprehension. It is located on the sides of the brain, near the temples.Rate this question:
- 3.
What is the structure labeled c?
- A.
Frontal lobe
- B.
Occipital lobe
Correct Answer
B. Occipital lobeExplanation
The structure labeled c is the occipital lobe. The occipital lobe is located at the back of the brain and is responsible for processing visual information. It plays a crucial role in visual perception, including the interpretation of shapes, colors, and motion. The occipital lobe also helps in recognizing and identifying objects and faces.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What is the structure labeled d?
Correct Answer
frontal lobeExplanation
The structure labeled d is the frontal lobe. The frontal lobe is located at the front of the brain and is responsible for various cognitive functions such as decision-making, problem-solving, and personality. It plays a crucial role in controlling voluntary movements and is also involved in speech production and higher-level thinking processes.Rate this question:
- 5.
What is the structure labeled e?
Correct Answer
parieto-occipital sulcusExplanation
The structure labeled e is the parieto-occipital sulcus. This sulcus is located on the medial surface of the brain and separates the parietal lobe from the occipital lobe. It is a deep groove that runs horizontally across the brain and is involved in the processing of visual information.Rate this question:
- 6.
What is the structure labeled f?
- A.
Parieto-occipital sulcus
- B.
Frontal lobe
- C.
Lateral sulcus
- D.
Occipital lobe
Correct Answer
C. Lateral sulcusExplanation
The structure labeled f is the lateral sulcus. The lateral sulcus is a prominent fissure that separates the frontal lobe from the temporal lobe in the brain. It is also known as the Sylvian fissure. This sulcus plays a crucial role in separating different functional areas of the brain and is involved in language processing and auditory perception.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What is the structure labeled a?
- A.
Third ventricle
- B.
Pia mater
- C.
Dura mater
- D.
Fourth ventricle
Correct Answer
A. Third ventricleExplanation
The structure labeled "a" is the third ventricle. The third ventricle is one of the four connected fluid-filled cavities within the brain, known as ventricles. It is located in the midline of the brain, between the two cerebral hemispheres. The third ventricle plays a crucial role in the circulation and production of cerebrospinal fluid, which helps protect and nourish the brain.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What is the structure labeled b?
Correct Answer
lateral ventricleExplanation
The structure labeled b is the lateral ventricle.Rate this question:
- 9.
What is the structure labeled c?
Correct Answer
superior sagittal sinusExplanation
The structure labeled c is the superior sagittal sinus. The superior sagittal sinus is a large blood vessel located within the midline of the brain, running along the superior border of the falx cerebri. It drains blood from the cerebral hemispheres and carries it towards the confluence of sinuses, which is located at the posterior end of the superior sagittal sinus.Rate this question:
- 10.
What is the structure labeled d?
- A.
Choroid plexus
- B.
Meningial dura mater
- C.
Arachnoid mater
- D.
Endosteal dura mater
Correct Answer
D. Endosteal dura materExplanation
The structure labeled d is the endosteal dura mater. The dura mater is the tough, fibrous outermost layer of the meninges, which are the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. The endosteal dura mater specifically refers to the layer of the dura mater that is in contact with the inner surface of the skull. It provides additional protection to the brain by forming a barrier between the skull and the delicate brain tissue.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What is the structure labeled e?
- A.
Pia mater
- B.
Dura mater
- C.
Subarachnoid space
- D.
Fornix
Correct Answer
A. Pia materExplanation
The structure labeled e is the pia mater. The pia mater is the innermost layer of the meninges, which are the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. It is a thin, delicate layer that adheres closely to the surface of the brain and spinal cord, providing support and protection.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What is the structure labeled f?
Correct Answer
meningeal dura materExplanation
The structure labeled f in this question is the meningeal dura mater. The dura mater is the outermost layer of the meninges, which are the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The meningeal dura mater specifically refers to the inner layer of the dura mater, which is closely attached to the arachnoid mater. It helps provide support and protection to the brain and spinal cord, and also contains blood vessels that supply nutrients to these structures.Rate this question:
- 13.
What is the structure labeled g?
Correct Answer
corpus callosumExplanation
The structure labeled g is the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum is a broad band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain. It allows for communication and coordination between the two hemispheres, enabling them to work together and share information.Rate this question:
- 14.
What is the structure labeled h?
- A.
Corpus callosum
- B.
Fornix
- C.
Third ventricle
- D.
Cerebrum
Correct Answer
B. FornixExplanation
The structure labeled h is the fornix. The fornix is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects the hippocampus to other regions of the brain, including the hypothalamus and mammillary bodies. It plays a crucial role in memory formation and retrieval, as well as in the regulation of emotions and certain behaviors.Rate this question:
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- 15.
What is the structure labeled i?
Correct Answer
choroid plexusExplanation
The structure labeled i is the choroid plexus. The choroid plexus is a network of blood vessels located within the ventricles of the brain. It produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which helps protect and nourish the brain and spinal cord. The choroid plexus is responsible for filtering blood plasma and secreting CSF into the ventricles.Rate this question:
- 16.
What is the structure labeled j?
Correct Answer
thalamusExplanation
The structure labeled j is the thalamus. The thalamus is a small, oval-shaped structure located in the brain. It acts as a relay station, receiving sensory information from various parts of the body and sending it to the appropriate areas of the cerebral cortex for further processing. The thalamus is involved in regulating consciousness, sleep, and sensory perception. It plays a crucial role in relaying information between different parts of the brain and is an essential component of the brain's overall functioning.Rate this question:
- 17.
What is the structure labeled k?
- A.
Pineal gland
- B.
Mamillary body
- C.
Thalamus
- D.
Pituitary gland
Correct Answer
A. Pineal glandExplanation
The structure labeled k is the pineal gland.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What is the structure labeled l?
Correct Answer
hypothalamusExplanation
The structure labeled l in the given question is the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is a small region located at the base of the brain, responsible for regulating various bodily functions such as temperature, hunger, thirst, sleep, and hormone production. It plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and coordinating the activities of the nervous and endocrine systems.Rate this question:
- 19.
What is the structured labeled m?
Correct Answer
Pituitary gland
Pituitary gland in sella turcicaExplanation
The answer "Pituitary gland, Pituitary gland in sella turcica" suggests that the structured labeled m is referring to the pituitary gland. Additionally, it specifies that the pituitary gland is located in the sella turcica, which is a bony depression in the skull where the gland is typically situated.Rate this question:
- 20.
What is the structured labeled n?
Correct Answer
Arbor vitae
white mater
Arobor vitae (white mater)Explanation
The correct answer is "Arbor vitae, white mater, Arobor vitae (white mater)". This suggests that the structured labeled "n" is referred to as "Arbor vitae" and "white mater". The inclusion of "Arobor vitae (white mater)" in parentheses further emphasizes that these two terms are interchangeable and can be used to describe the same structure.Rate this question:
- 21.
what is the structure labeled q?
- A.
Mesencephalic aquiduct
- B.
Corpus collosum
- C.
Fornix
- D.
Arbor vitae
Correct Answer
A. Mesencephalic aquiductExplanation
The structure labeled q is the mesencephalic aqueduct. The mesencephalic aqueduct is a narrow canal located in the midbrain that connects the third and fourth ventricles of the brain. It is responsible for the passage of cerebrospinal fluid, which helps to protect and nourish the brain and spinal cord.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What is the structure labeled p
Correct Answer
Fourth ventricleExplanation
The structure labeled p is the fourth ventricle. The fourth ventricle is a fluid-filled cavity located in the brainstem, between the pons and the cerebellum. It is one of the four interconnected ventricles in the brain that produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid. The fourth ventricle plays a crucial role in the regulation of cerebrospinal fluid flow and is involved in the protection and nourishment of the brain and spinal cord.Rate this question:
- 23.
what is the structure labeled u?
Correct Answer
PonsExplanation
The structure labeled "u" is the Pons.Rate this question:
- 24.
what is the structure labeled v?
Correct Answer
Medulla ob-longata
Medulla oblongataExplanation
The structure labeled "v" is the medulla oblongata. The term "medulla ob-longata" is a misspelling of "medulla oblongata." Both options in the answer are correct and refer to the same structure. The medulla oblongata is a part of the brainstem and is responsible for controlling vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.Rate this question:
- 25.
what is the structure labeled w?
- A.
Durameter endosteal layer
- B.
Lateral ventricle
- C.
Optic chiasma
- D.
Mesencephalic aquiduct
Correct Answer
C. Optic chiasmaExplanation
The structure labeled w is the optic chiasma. The optic chiasma is a small structure located at the base of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross over. It is responsible for the partial crossover of visual information from the left and right sides of the visual field. This allows for binocular vision and depth perception.Rate this question:
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- 26.
what is the structure labeled a?
- A.
Posterior white column
- B.
Anterior white column
- C.
Lateral white column
- D.
Central canal
Correct Answer
C. Lateral white columnExplanation
The structure labeled "a" is the lateral white column.Rate this question:
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- 27.
what is the structure labeled b?
- A.
Grey commissure
- B.
Durameter
- C.
Central Canal
- D.
Lateral grey horn
Correct Answer
A. Grey commissureExplanation
The structure labeled "b" is the grey commissure. The grey commissure is a region in the spinal cord where the grey matter on each side of the cord connects. It contains nerve fibers that allow for communication between the left and right sides of the spinal cord.Rate this question:
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- 28.
what is the structure labeled C?
Correct Answer
Anterior white columnExplanation
The structure labeled C in the question is the anterior white column. This is a region in the spinal cord that contains bundles of myelinated nerve fibers. These fibers transmit sensory information from the body to the brain and motor signals from the brain to the body. The anterior white column is located towards the front of the spinal cord and is responsible for relaying information related to voluntary motor control and proprioception.Rate this question:
- 29.
what is the structure labeled d?
Correct Answer
vertebral bodyExplanation
The structure labeled "d" is the vertebral body. The vertebral body is the thick, cylindrical portion of a vertebra that provides support and protection for the spinal cord. It is located anteriorly and forms the main bulk of the vertebra.Rate this question:
- 30.
what is the structure labeled e?
- A.
Pia mater
- B.
Central canal
- C.
Grey commissure
- D.
Subarachnoid mater
Correct Answer
B. Central canalExplanation
The structure labeled e is the central canal. The central canal is a narrow channel that runs through the center of the spinal cord. It is filled with cerebrospinal fluid and is responsible for carrying nutrients and waste products throughout the spinal cord.Rate this question:
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- 31.
what is the structure labeled f?
Correct Answer
Anterior median fissureExplanation
The structure labeled f is the anterior median fissure. The anterior median fissure is a deep groove located on the anterior surface of the spinal cord. It extends along the midline and divides the spinal cord into two halves. This fissure is important as it allows for the attachment of the pia mater, a protective membrane that covers the spinal cord. Additionally, the anterior median fissure serves as a landmark for identifying different regions of the spinal cord during anatomical studies.Rate this question:
- 32.
What is the structure labeled g?
Correct Answer
Pia materExplanation
The structure labeled g is the pia mater. The pia mater is the innermost layer of the meninges, which are the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. It is a thin and delicate membrane that adheres closely to the surface of the brain and spinal cord, providing support and protection.Rate this question:
- 33.
what is the structure labeled h?
Correct Answer
Anterior grey hornExplanation
The structure labeled h is the anterior grey horn.Rate this question:
- 34.
what is the structure labeled i?
- A.
Lateral grey horn
- B.
Posterior grey horn
- C.
Posterior white column
- D.
Lateral white column
Correct Answer
A. Lateral grey hornExplanation
The structure labeled i is the Lateral Grey Horn.Rate this question:
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- 35.
what is the structure labeled j?
- A.
Posterior white column
- B.
Lateral white column
- C.
Anterior white column
- D.
Posterior grey horn
Correct Answer
D. Posterior grey hornExplanation
The correct answer is Posterior grey horn. The question is asking for the structure labeled "j" and the correct answer is the posterior grey horn. This is a specific region within the spinal cord that is responsible for relaying sensory information from the body to the brain. It is located in the posterior (back) region of the spinal cord and is characterized by its grey color.Rate this question:
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- 36.
what is the structure labeled k?
Correct Answer
Posterior median sulcus
Post. median sulcusExplanation
The structure labeled "k" is the posterior median sulcus, also known as the post. median sulcus.Rate this question:
- 37.
what is the structure labeled l?
Correct Answer
Subarachnoid spaceExplanation
The structure labeled l is the subarachnoid space. This is the space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater, two of the three layers of the meninges that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. The subarachnoid space contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which acts as a cushion to protect the central nervous system from impact and helps to nourish and remove waste from the brain and spinal cord.Rate this question:
- 38.
what is the structure labeled m?
- A.
Epidural space
- B.
Subarachnoid space
- C.
Subarachnoid mater
- D.
Pia mater
Correct Answer
A. Epidural spaceExplanation
The structure labeled m is the epidural space. This is the space located between the dura mater (outermost layer of the meninges) and the vertebral column. It is filled with fat and blood vessels and acts as a cushioning layer for the spinal cord and nerves.Rate this question:
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- 39.
what is the structure labeled n?
- A.
Lateral white column
- B.
Posterior white column
- C.
Anterior grey horn
- D.
Lateral grey horn
Correct Answer
B. Posterior white columnExplanation
The structure labeled "n" is the posterior white column. This is because the other options mentioned, such as the lateral white column, anterior grey horn, and lateral grey horn, do not correspond to the given structure. The posterior white column refers to the region of white matter located towards the back of the spinal cord, which contains ascending sensory tracts.Rate this question:
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- 40.
what is the structure labeled o?
Correct Answer
Subarachnoid materExplanation
The structure labeled "o" in the question is the subarachnoid mater. The subarachnoid mater is one of the layers of the meninges, which are protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. It is located between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. The subarachnoid mater contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and acts as a cushion, providing protection and support to the central nervous system.Rate this question:
- 41.
what is the structure labeled p?
Correct Answer
Durameter
outer membrane
Durameter (outer membrane)Explanation
The structure labeled "p" is the Durameter, specifically the outer membrane of the Durameter.Rate this question:
- 42.
What is CN I?
- A.
Olfactory
- B.
Trochlear
- C.
Occulomotor
- D.
Abducens
Correct Answer
A. OlfactoryExplanation
CN I refers to the olfactory nerve, which is responsible for our sense of smell. It is the first cranial nerve and is located in the nasal cavity. This nerve carries information from the olfactory receptors in the nose to the brain, allowing us to detect and distinguish various odors. The other options listed (Trochlear, Occulomotor, Abducens) refer to different cranial nerves that are involved in eye movement and control, but they are not related to the sense of smell.Rate this question:
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- 43.
What is CN II
- A.
Optic
- B.
Trigeminal
- C.
Spinal Accessory
- D.
Hypoglossal
Correct Answer
A. OpticExplanation
CN II refers to Cranial Nerve II, which is also known as the Optic nerve. The optic nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain. It carries the electrical impulses generated by the retina to the visual cortex in the brain, allowing us to perceive and interpret visual stimuli. Therefore, the correct answer is "Optic."Rate this question:
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- 44.
What is CN III?
- A.
Olfactory
- B.
Vagus
- C.
Glossopharyngeal
- D.
Occulomotor
Correct Answer
D. OcculomotorExplanation
CN III refers to the third cranial nerve, also known as the oculomotor nerve. This nerve is responsible for controlling the movement of the eye muscles, including those that control pupil constriction and eyelid elevation. It also plays a role in controlling the shape of the lens for near and far vision. Therefore, the correct answer is Occulomotor.Rate this question:
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- 45.
What is CN IV?
- A.
Trochlear
- B.
Abducens
- C.
Optic
- D.
Facial
Correct Answer
A. TrochlearExplanation
CN IV refers to the fourth cranial nerve, also known as the trochlear nerve. This nerve is responsible for controlling the superior oblique muscle of the eye, which helps with downward and inward movement of the eye. It is the only cranial nerve to emerge from the dorsal side of the brainstem and has the longest intracranial course. Dysfunction of the trochlear nerve can lead to a condition called trochlear nerve palsy, which can cause double vision and difficulty with downward eye movement.Rate this question:
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- 46.
What is CN V?
- A.
Vestibulocchlear
- B.
Trigeminal
- C.
Hypoglossal
- D.
Occulomotor
Correct Answer
B. TrigeminalExplanation
CN V refers to the trigeminal nerve, which is the fifth cranial nerve. It is responsible for sensory information from the face, as well as motor control of the muscles involved in chewing. The other options listed are different cranial nerves, but the correct answer is trigeminal.Rate this question:
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- 47.
What is CN VI?
- A.
Trigeminal
- B.
Abducens
- C.
Occulomotor
- D.
Facial
Correct Answer
B. AbducensExplanation
CN VI refers to the sixth cranial nerve, also known as the abducens nerve. It is responsible for controlling the movement of the lateral rectus muscle, which allows the eye to move laterally or outward. Dysfunction or damage to the abducens nerve can result in a condition called abducens nerve palsy, which leads to difficulty in moving the affected eye outward. Therefore, the correct answer is Abducens.Rate this question:
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- 48.
What is CN VII?
- A.
Facial
- B.
Spinal Accessory
- C.
Olfactory
- D.
Optic
Correct Answer
A. FacialExplanation
CN VII refers to the facial nerve, which is the seventh cranial nerve. It is responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression, as well as transmitting taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. It also plays a role in tear production and salivation. The other options listed (Spinal Accessory, Olfactory, Optic) are different cranial nerves that serve different functions in the body.Rate this question:
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- 49.
What is CN VIII?
- A.
Olfactory
- B.
Vagus
- C.
Glossopharyngeal
- D.
Vestibulocchlear
Correct Answer
D. VestibulocchlearExplanation
CN VIII, also known as the vestibulocochlear nerve, is responsible for transmitting sensory information related to hearing and balance from the inner ear to the brain. It consists of two main branches, the vestibular branch and the cochlear branch. The vestibular branch is involved in maintaining balance and spatial orientation, while the cochlear branch is responsible for transmitting auditory information to the brain. Therefore, the correct answer is vestibulocochlear.Rate this question:
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- 50.
What is CN IX?
- A.
Occulomotor
- B.
Trochlear
- C.
Glossopharyngeal
- D.
Trigeminal
Correct Answer
C. GlossopharyngealExplanation
CN IX refers to the ninth cranial nerve, also known as the glossopharyngeal nerve. This nerve is responsible for various functions including taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue, general sensation from the pharynx, and motor control of the stylopharyngeus muscle which is involved in swallowing. The occulomotor, trochlear, and trigeminal nerves are other cranial nerves responsible for different functions such as eye movement and facial sensation. Therefore, the correct answer in this case is glossopharyngeal.Rate this question:
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Jun 28, 2024Quiz Edited by
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