Hardware & Operating System

LAN stands for Local Area Network, which refers to a network that connects computers and devices within a limited area such as a home, office, or school. This network allows for the sharing of resources, such as files and printers, and enables communication between connected devices. Therefore, the statement "LAN is short for Local Area Network" is true.

To hear music on a computer, a sound card is required. A sound card is a hardware component that allows the computer to produce sound. It converts digital audio signals into analog signals that can be played through speakers or headphones. Without a sound card, the computer would not be able to produce any sound, including music. Therefore, a sound card is necessary to hear music on a computer.

Folders are a useful tool for organizing files on a computer. They allow users to group related files together in a hierarchical structure, making it easier to locate and manage files. By creating folders and moving files into them, users can keep their computer's storage system organized and make it easier to find specific files when needed.

The correct answer is "set of popular technologies and standards for wireless computer networking." Wi-Fi refers to a set of technologies and standards that enable wireless computer networking. It allows devices to connect to the internet or communicate with each other without the need for physical cables. Wi-Fi is commonly used in homes, offices, and public spaces to provide wireless internet access. It operates on radio frequencies and uses protocols such as IEEE 802.11 to ensure compatibility and reliable connectivity.

The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is often referred to as the "brain" of the computer. It is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations, making it the most crucial component for overall computer performance. The CPU interprets and carries out instructions from the computer's memory, and it also controls and coordinates the activities of all other hardware components. Without the CPU, a computer would not be able to function properly or perform any tasks.

A modem is a device that allows your computer to communicate with other computers over a telephone line. It converts the digital signals from your computer into analog signals that can be transmitted over the phone line, and vice versa. In addition to enabling communication with other computers, a modem also allows your computer to access the internet by connecting to an internet service provider. Therefore, a modem is the correct answer to the question.

A GUI, which stands for Graphical User Interface, is a type of interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical elements such as icons, buttons, and menus. This interface is designed to be user-friendly and visually appealing, making it easier for users to navigate and operate the device. Therefore, the statement "A GUI is a type of interface" is correct.

Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system that can be seen and touched. These components include the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage devices, input/output devices, and other peripherals. Web browsers, operating systems, and software are not physical components, but rather programs or applications that run on the hardware. Therefore, the correct answer is hardware.

An operating system is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides services for computer programs. It acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware, allowing the user to interact with the computer and utilize its resources efficiently. Therefore, it is correct to say that an operating system enables a user to properly use the computer hardware.

The correct answer is Windows. Windows is an operating system that is commonly used on computers. Microsoft Windows is a specific version of the operating system. Netscape and Microsoft Word are not operating systems, but rather software programs that can be used within an operating system. Internet Explorer is a web browser, not an operating system.

Incorrect settings in the CMOS setup can prevent the computer from booting up. The CMOS setup contains important configuration settings for the computer's hardware and system. If these settings are not properly configured or if there are errors, it can cause the computer to fail to start up. This can include issues such as incorrect boot device settings, incompatible hardware configurations, or incorrect system clock settings. Therefore, if the CMOS setup has incorrect settings, it can prevent the computer from successfully booting up.

The BIOS plays a crucial role in a computer system by providing instructions to the microprocessor on how to access the operating system. It acts as an interface between the hardware and software, ensuring that the microprocessor understands how to communicate with the operating system and other hardware components. Without the BIOS, the computer would not be able to boot up and run the necessary software applications. Thus, the BIOS's most important role is to facilitate the communication and interaction between the microprocessor and the operating system.

The capacity of a hard drive refers to the amount of data that can be stored on it. This is typically measured in Gigabytes (GB). Gigabytes are a unit of digital information storage that represents billions of bytes. Therefore, the correct answer is Gigabytes as it accurately measures the storage capacity of a hard drive.

The correct answer is "a program in execution" because a process refers to a program that is currently running on a computer system. It includes not only the instructions of the program but also the associated resources and data that are being used by the program during its execution. Therefore, a process can be seen as a program that is actively being executed by the computer's processor.

A router is a device that connects multiple networks and directs data to the appropriate destination by using its address and determining the pathway the data should follow. It acts as a traffic controller, ensuring that data packets are efficiently routed to their intended recipients. By examining the destination address of each packet, the router determines the most suitable path for the data to travel, optimizing network performance and facilitating communication between different networks.

A firewall in a computer network is a system designed to prevent unauthorized access. It acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and an external network, such as the internet, to control the incoming and outgoing network traffic. It monitors and filters the network packets based on predetermined security rules, allowing only authorized traffic to pass through while blocking or denying any unauthorized or suspicious traffic. This helps protect the network from potential threats, such as hackers, malware, and unauthorized access attempts.

A monitor is not an input device because it is used to display output from the computer, rather than to input data or commands. Input devices are used to provide information or instructions to the computer, while output devices are used to display or transmit information from the computer to the user. Examples of input devices include a microphone, joystick, and keyboard, as they are used to input data or commands into the computer.

The OSI Reference Model has 7 layers. This model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system into different layers. Each layer has a specific role and interacts with the layers above and below it. The layers include Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application. These layers work together to ensure that data is transmitted efficiently and accurately across a network.

DOS stands for Disk Operating System. This is a computer operating system that was commonly used in the early days of personal computers. It was primarily used to manage and control the storage and retrieval of data on disk drives. DOS was known for its simple command line interface and was widely used until the development of more advanced operating systems.

A repeater is a device that amplifies signals on a network. It has one input port and one output port, allowing it to receive a weak signal and regenerate it, boosting its strength before sending it to the next device in the network. This helps to extend the reach of the network and improve signal quality over long distances. Switches and routers, on the other hand, are responsible for directing network traffic and connecting multiple devices together, but they do not amplify signals like a repeater does.

ROM stands for Read-Only Memory. It is a type of non-volatile memory that stores data permanently. Unlike RAM (Random Access Memory) which is volatile and loses its data when the computer is turned off, ROM retains its data even when the power is off. ROM contains the firmware or software instructions that are permanently written during the manufacturing process and cannot be modified or erased by normal computer operations. This makes ROM an essential component of a computer system as it stores the basic instructions required for booting up the computer and initializing the hardware.

The M in WIMP actually stands for Mouse, not Monitor. WIMP is an acronym used in computing to refer to a graphical user interface (GUI) that includes Windows, Icons, Menus, and a Pointing device (usually a Mouse). Therefore, the correct answer is False.

The CMOS setup is a configuration utility in a computer's BIOS that allows users to modify various settings. It typically includes options such as system time and date, security settings, and hardware configurations. However, the internet provider is not a common option included in the CMOS setup. This is because the internet provider is a separate entity that is not directly related to the computer's hardware or BIOS settings.

The correct answer is RJ-11. RJ-11 is a type of connector commonly used to plug a telephone line into a modem. It is a standard connector that is designed specifically for telephone connections and is smaller in size compared to the RJ-45 connector, which is commonly used for Ethernet connections. COM1 and RS-232 are not types of connectors used for telephone line connections.

A repeater is a device that amplifies signals on a network. It has one input port and one output port, allowing it to receive a signal, amplify it, and then transmit it to the next device in the network. Unlike a switch or a router, which are responsible for directing network traffic, a repeater simply boosts the signal strength to overcome any loss or degradation that may occur over long distances. A hub, on the other hand, is a device that connects multiple devices in a network, but it does not amplify signals like a repeater does.

Microsoft is a software company, not a computer manufacturer. While they do produce some hardware products, such as the Surface line of tablets and laptops, they are primarily known for their software, such as the Windows operating system. Dell, Apple, and IBM, on the other hand, are all well-known computer manufacturers who produce a wide range of hardware products.

A router is a device that is responsible for linking up to 2 or more computer networks. It is designed to receive data packets from one network and forward them to another network, based on their destination IP addresses. Routers are essential for connecting different networks together and directing traffic between them, allowing devices on different networks to communicate with each other. Unlike hubs and switches, routers have the ability to determine the best path for data transmission and can make intelligent decisions based on network conditions, making them an ideal choice for interconnecting multiple networks.

A hub is sometimes referred to as a 'multi-port repeater' because it is a networking device that allows multiple devices to connect to a network. It receives data packets from one device and broadcasts them to all other devices connected to it. This process is similar to a repeater, which amplifies and retransmits signals to extend the reach of a network. Therefore, a hub can be considered a multi-port repeater as it allows multiple devices to connect and communicate within a network.

A hub is a networking device that broadcasts data to all nodes on a network, regardless of whether the data is meant for a specific node or not. Unlike switches or routers, which selectively send data to the intended recipient, hubs simply replicate and broadcast the data to all connected devices. This lack of intelligence or filtering capability makes hubs less efficient and more prone to network congestion, but they can be useful in certain scenarios where all devices need to receive the same information simultaneously.

Explanation of Answer:
The files are still on the hard disk. Only the associated FAT entries are deleted.