1.
Nutrients are chemical substances in food that provide ______, ______, and ______ materials and substances necessary for body processes. (Select three)
Correct Answer(s)
A. Energy
B. Growth
D. Repair
Explanation
Nutrients are chemical substances in food that provide energy, growth, and repair materials and substances necessary for body processes. Energy is required for all bodily functions and activities. Growth refers to the process of increasing in size and developing physically. Repair refers to the process of restoring and healing damaged tissues and cells in the body. Prosperity is not a necessary substance provided by nutrients.
2.
Waves of muscular contractions called peristaltic waves move food along the gut
Correct Answer
B. Peristaltic waves
Explanation
Peristaltic waves refer to the rhythmic contractions of the muscles in the digestive tract that help move food along the gut. These waves occur in a coordinated manner, pushing the food forward through the esophagus, stomach, and intestines. This mechanism ensures that food is properly digested and absorbed by the body. Peristaltic waves play a crucial role in the smooth functioning of the digestive system, allowing for efficient nutrient absorption and waste elimination.
3.
The ______ is the name given to the concave medial border of the kidney where the renal blood and lymph vessels enter and leave.
Correct Answer
C. Hilus
Explanation
The hilus is the correct answer because it refers to the concave medial border of the kidney where the renal blood and lymph vessels enter and leave. It is the area where the renal artery, renal vein, and renal pelvis are located. The hilus serves as a gateway for these important structures to enter and exit the kidney, allowing for the transport of blood and urine.
4.
Hydrostatic pressure in the renal capillaries forces a liquid called glomerular filtrate through the capillary walls into the Bowman’s capsule.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that hydrostatic pressure in the renal capillaries is responsible for forcing glomerular filtrate through the capillary walls into the Bowman's capsule. This process is known as glomerular filtration and is an important step in the formation of urine. The hydrostatic pressure is created by the pressure exerted by the blood in the capillaries, which helps to push the filtrate out of the blood vessels and into the Bowman's capsule.
5.
Professionality requires a ______ of, and ______ with, accepted standards of behaviour towards both colleagues and patients.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Compliance
B. Recognition
Explanation
Professionality requires compliance with accepted standards of behavior towards both colleagues and patients. It also requires recognition of these standards, acknowledging their importance and adhering to them. Compliance ensures that professionals follow the established rules and guidelines, while recognition shows their understanding and respect for these standards. Both compliance and recognition are essential for maintaining professionalism in any profession.
6.
ABC of life stands for:
Correct Answer(s)
A. Airway
C. Breathing
F. Circulation
Explanation
The ABC of life stands for airway, breathing, and circulation. These three components are crucial in providing immediate and basic life support in emergency situations. Airway refers to ensuring that the airway is clear and unobstructed to allow for proper breathing. Breathing involves assessing and providing artificial respiration if necessary. Circulation focuses on assessing and providing chest compressions to maintain blood flow. By following these steps in the correct order, first responders can increase the chances of survival for someone in need of immediate medical attention.
7.
Shock is not always present when someone is ill or injured.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Shock is a common physiological response to illness or injury. It occurs when there is an inadequate supply of blood and oxygen to the body's organs and tissues. Symptoms of shock may include low blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, pale skin, and confusion. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that shock is not always present when someone is ill or injured.
8.
Keeping of treatment records is a legal requirement.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Treatment records are essential for maintaining an accurate and comprehensive account of a patient's medical history, diagnosis, and treatment. These records serve as legal documentation and are necessary for healthcare professionals to provide appropriate care, ensure continuity of treatment, and protect themselves from potential legal liabilities. Additionally, treatment records may be required for insurance claims, audits, research purposes, and compliance with regulatory standards. Therefore, keeping treatment records is indeed a legal requirement.