1.
Dramatic persona typically sharing Aristophanes' moral sympathies:
Correct Answer
D. Farmer
Explanation
The correct answer is Farmer because Aristophanes, a Greek playwright, often sympathized with the common people and used them as characters in his plays. Farmers were considered part of the common class in ancient Greece, and their struggles and experiences would align with Aristophanes' moral sympathies.
2.
Political climate of Aristophanic comedy
Correct Answer
A. Democratic polis
Explanation
The political climate of Aristophanic comedy is best represented by the democratic polis. Aristophanic comedy was a form of ancient Greek comedy that often satirized and criticized the political and social issues of the time. The democratic polis refers to the city-state of Athens, which had a democratic system of government during the time when Aristophanic comedy was popular. This form of comedy often mocked the political leaders and institutions of the democratic polis, highlighting the flaws and absurdities of the democratic system. Therefore, the democratic polis is the most fitting answer in relation to the political climate of Aristophanic comedy.
3.
The most important public issue of the time of Aristophanes:
Correct Answer
B. Peloponnesian War
Explanation
The correct answer is the Peloponnesian War. During the time of Aristophanes, the Peloponnesian War was the most significant public issue. This war was fought between Athens and Sparta, two powerful city-states in ancient Greece, and lasted for 27 years. It had a profound impact on the political, economic, and social aspects of Greek society. Aristophanes, a famous playwright and satirist, often used his plays to comment on the war and its consequences, making it a prominent topic of discussion during that time.
4.
In his comedies Aristophanes consistently and urgently advocates
Correct Answer
B. Peace with Sparta
Explanation
Aristophanes, in his comedies, consistently and urgently advocates for peace with Sparta. This means that he promotes the idea of ending the war and establishing a peaceful relationship with Sparta. This could be because he believes that war is destructive and wants to avoid further bloodshed and suffering. Aristophanes may argue that peace would bring stability and prosperity to the city-state. By advocating for peace with Sparta, he is suggesting a diplomatic approach to resolving conflicts and fostering better relations between the two states.
5.
As compared to Aristophanes, Menander’s comedy is
Correct Answer
E. All the the above
Explanation
Menander's comedy is more realistic, less political, more personal, and less ritualistic compared to Aristophanes. Menander focused on everyday life and human relationships, portraying relatable characters and situations. Unlike Aristophanes, Menander's comedy was not heavily influenced by political satire or social commentary. Instead, he emphasized personal and emotional aspects of his characters, creating a more intimate and relatable experience for the audience. Additionally, Menander's comedies were less ritualistic, as he moved away from the use of religious and mythological elements that were prevalent in Aristophanes' works.
6.
A drastic innovation of Menander’s comedy
Correct Answer
C. Dramatic intrigue
Explanation
The correct answer is "Dramatic intrigue." This suggests that Menander's comedy was characterized by a strong element of suspense and excitement, with intricate and captivating storylines that kept the audience engaged. The use of dramatic intrigue added depth and complexity to the plays, making them more compelling and entertaining for the audience.
7.
The favorite device of a Plautine plot
Correct Answer
D. Confusion of the twins
Explanation
In a Plautine plot, confusion of the twins is a common device used to create humor and drive the storyline. This involves the mistaken identity of twins, leading to hilarious misunderstandings and chaotic situations. The confusion of the twins adds an element of surprise and unpredictability to the plot, keeping the audience engaged and entertained. It also allows for the exploration of themes such as mistaken identity, deception, and the complexities of human relationships. Overall, the confusion of the twins is a favorite device in Plautine plots due to its comedic potential and ability to create a sense of light-heartedness.
8.
What is the main feature distinguishing Plautus’ dramas from that of Menander and Terence? (Mark all that apply):
Correct Answer(s)
B. The elements of burlesque
C. Variety of meters and musical parts
Explanation
Plautus' dramas are distinguished from those of Menander and Terence by the elements of burlesque and the variety of meters and musical parts. Plautus' plays often contained exaggerated and comedic elements, creating a sense of parody and satire. Additionally, Plautus incorporated a wide range of meters and musical parts into his dramas, adding to the overall entertainment value of his work. These features set Plautus apart from the more serious and refined dramas of Menander and Terence.
9.
Terence came to Rome as a slave from
Correct Answer
A. Africa
Explanation
Terence came to Rome as a slave from Africa.
10.
Terence’s innovation
Correct Answer
D. Prologue with a literary polemics
Explanation
The correct answer is "Prologue with a literary polemics". This suggests that the play or performance in question begins with a prologue that includes a literary polemics, which is a strong argument or critique of literature or a particular literary work. This could indicate that the play is engaging with and commenting on the literary world or specific literary works, potentially adding depth and complexity to the overall performance.
11.
The highest distinction of Terence is
Correct Answer
C. Meticulous composition and the elegance of language
Explanation
Terence's highest distinction lies in his meticulous composition and the elegance of his language. This suggests that Terence pays great attention to detail in his writing and his language is refined and sophisticated. This skill in crafting his compositions and using language effectively sets him apart and contributes to his success as a playwright.
12.
As compared to Plautus, Terence appears
Correct Answer
B. More apHoristic
Explanation
Terence appears more aphoristic compared to Plautus. This means that Terence's plays contain more concise and memorable statements or maxims that convey a deeper meaning or truth. Terence's writing style is characterized by the use of concise and witty expressions that provide insight and wisdom. This sets him apart from Plautus, who may have focused more on entertainment value or other aspects of playwriting.
13.
Terence’s characteristic technique is
Correct Answer
C. Intellectual guessing-game by the characters (communication problems)
Explanation
Terence's characteristic technique is the intellectual guessing-game by the characters, which involves communication problems. This means that Terence's works often feature characters who engage in a form of intellectual game or puzzle, where they try to guess or figure out each other's intentions or thoughts. This creates a sense of tension and intrigue in the story as the characters struggle to understand each other's motives and actions. The use of communication problems adds depth and complexity to Terence's works, making them unique and engaging for the audience.
14.
In which of Terence’s comedies: The parasite appears in an unusual function as a lawyer, acting in selfless loyalty
Correct Answer
E. pHormio
Explanation
In the play Phormio by Terence, the parasite appears in an unusual function as a lawyer, acting in selfless loyalty.
15.
The origins of comic genre take root in
Correct Answer
C. Fertility rites
Explanation
The correct answer is fertility rites. The comic genre has its origins in fertility rites, which were ancient rituals performed to ensure fertility and abundance in agriculture and human reproduction. These rites often involved comedic elements and exaggerated performances to invoke laughter and joy. The connection between fertility and humor can be seen in the celebration of life and the release of tension that comes with fertility rituals, making it a plausible explanation for the origins of the comic genre.
16.
The genre of European literary comedy originated in
Correct Answer
A. Classical Greece
Explanation
The genre of European literary comedy originated in Classical Greece. This is because Ancient Greek playwrights, such as Aristophanes, were known for their comedic plays that often satirized social and political issues of the time. These plays were performed in theaters and were popular among the Greek audience. The comedic elements and themes explored in these Greek plays influenced later European comedic traditions and continue to be a significant part of the literary and theatrical history of Europe.
17.
Greek comos (from which comedy is derived) means
Correct Answer
C. Country procession
Explanation
The correct answer is "country procession". The word "comedy" is derived from the Greek word "comos", which means a festive procession or parade. In this context, "country procession" refers to a procession or parade that takes place in the countryside. This explanation aligns with the etymology of the word and its historical usage in Greek culture.
18.
Theatrical performances in classical Athens celebrated the worship of
Correct Answer
D. Dionysus
Explanation
In classical Athens, theatrical performances were a significant part of religious celebrations. These performances were dedicated to various gods and goddesses, and Dionysus was one of them. Dionysus was the Greek god of wine, fertility, and theater. His worship involved ecstatic rituals and celebrations, which often included theatrical performances. Therefore, it is likely that theatrical performances in classical Athens celebrated the worship of Dionysus.
19.
Open personal invective and on-stage political debates are characteristic of the
Correct Answer
A. Old Comedy
Explanation
Open personal invective and on-stage political debates are characteristic of Old Comedy. In Old Comedy, playwrights like Aristophanes used humor and satire to criticize and mock prominent individuals and institutions in ancient Greek society. They often included exaggerated characters and situations to highlight social and political issues. This type of comedy was known for its bold and confrontational style, making it distinct from New Comedy, which focused more on everyday life and romantic situations. Satyr plays were a different genre altogether, known for their bawdy and raucous nature. Tragedy, on the other hand, dealt with serious and often tragic themes, lacking the comedic elements found in Old Comedy.
20.
Animal Chorus can appear in
Correct Answer
C. Old Comedy
Explanation
In Old Comedy, animal chorus can appear. Old Comedy is a genre of ancient Greek comedy that was performed during the 5th century BC. It typically featured exaggerated characters, political satire, and social commentary. Animal choruses were a common element in Old Comedy plays, where actors would dress up as animals and perform songs or dances. These animal choruses often served as a form of comic relief or added to the overall absurdity of the play.
21.
Historical persons are likely to appear in
Correct Answer
D. Old Comedy
Explanation
Old Comedy is a genre of ancient Greek comedy that was popular from the 5th century BC until the mid-4th century BC. It was known for its satirical and political nature, often mocking prominent individuals and institutions of the time. Historical persons are likely to appear in Old Comedy because it often incorporated real-life characters and events into its comedic plots and dialogues. This allowed the playwrights to comment on contemporary issues and personalities, making the genre a reflection of the society and politics of the time.
22.
The comedy of manners approximates the genre of
Correct Answer
B. New Comedy
Explanation
New Comedy is the correct answer because it is a genre that focuses on the social interactions and manners of the upper class. It emerged in ancient Greece during the 4th century BC and was characterized by its lighthearted and satirical portrayal of everyday life. Unlike Old Comedy, which often criticized political and social issues, New Comedy primarily dealt with domestic situations, love affairs, and misunderstandings. It influenced later comedic genres, such as the comedy of manners, which also emphasized the social behavior and etiquette of the upper class.
23.
Which of the following comedy is typical for Political debate.
Correct Answer
A. Old Comedy
Explanation
Old Comedy is the correct answer because it is a type of comedy that originated in ancient Greece and was characterized by its satirical and political nature. It often involved the use of humor to criticize and mock political figures, institutions, and societal norms. This type of comedy was popular during the 5th century BC and was performed during political debates and festivals. New Comedy, on the other hand, focused more on everyday life and domestic situations, making it less relevant to political debates.
24.
A motif in common between the Old and the New Comedy
Correct Answer
D. Marriage (hierogamy)
Explanation
The motif of marriage (hierogamy) is a common element between the Old and the New Comedy. Both genres often revolve around the theme of marriage and explore the complexities and humorous situations that arise within marital relationships. In the Old Comedy, marriage is often depicted as a source of social and political satire, while in the New Comedy, it is portrayed as a means of resolving conflicts and bringing about happy endings. The motif of marriage serves as a central plot device in both genres and showcases the universal and timeless nature of this institution.
25.
Women were allowed to perform in the genre of
Correct Answer
C. Mime
Explanation
In ancient Greece, women were not allowed to participate in most forms of theatrical performances. However, one genre in which women were allowed to perform was Mime. Mime was a form of silent performance that relied on gestures, facial expressions, and body movements to convey a story or message. Unlike other forms of theater that involved speaking roles, Mime allowed women to showcase their acting skills without the need for dialogue. This genre provided them with an opportunity to express themselves and entertain audiences through physicality and non-verbal communication.
26.
In which of Terence’s comedies: The bachelor uncle acts as the adoptive fater
Correct Answer
A. AdelpHi (The brothers)
Explanation
In Terence's comedy "Adelphi (The brothers)", the bachelor uncle acts as the adoptive father.
27.
Which of the following comedy is typical for A girl gives birth out of wedlock.
Correct Answer
B. New Comedy
Explanation
New Comedy is the correct answer because it is a genre of comedy that emerged in ancient Greece during the 4th century BC. It focused on everyday life situations and characters, often portraying themes of love, marriage, and family. A girl giving birth out of wedlock would be a common and relatable scenario in this genre, as it deals with the complexities of relationships and societal norms. Old Comedy, on the other hand, was known for its political satire and exaggerated humor, making it less likely to depict a realistic situation like this.
28.
Which of the following comedy is typical for Social utopia .
Correct Answer
A. Old Comedy
Explanation
Old Comedy is the correct answer because it is known for its satirical and critical portrayal of contemporary society and politics. It often mocks social norms, institutions, and powerful individuals, aiming to expose their flaws and promote social change. Old Comedy, popularized by Greek playwright Aristophanes, uses humor and exaggeration to challenge the existing social order and present an idealized vision of a utopian society. On the other hand, New Comedy, which emerged later, focused more on romantic and domestic situations, lacking the political and social commentary characteristic of Old Comedy.
29.
Which of the following comedy is typical for Family issues
Correct Answer
B. New Comedy
Explanation
New Comedy is a genre of comedy that is known for its focus on family issues. It emerged in ancient Greece during the 4th century BCE and was characterized by its relatable and realistic portrayal of everyday family life. Unlike Old Comedy, which often dealt with political and societal issues, New Comedy centered around domestic conflicts, relationships, and the dynamics within a family. This genre aimed to entertain and amuse audiences by presenting humorous situations and relatable characters that reflected the joys and challenges of family life.
30.
Which of the following comedy is typical for The motif of the twins .
Correct Answer
B. New Comedy
Explanation
New Comedy is the correct answer because it is known for its frequent use of the motif of twins. This genre of comedy, which emerged in ancient Greece during the 4th century BCE, often featured plots involving mistaken identities and the confusion caused by identical twins. The motif of twins allowed for humorous situations and misunderstandings, which were central to the comedic elements of New Comedy.
31.
Which of the following comedy is typical for The role of the Chorus .
Correct Answer
A. Old Comedy
Explanation
Old Comedy is a genre of Greek comedy that was characterized by its satirical and often political nature. The role of the Chorus in Old Comedy was significant, as they would comment on the events of the play, provide moral guidance, and interact with the characters. The Chorus acted as a voice of the common people and represented the collective opinion of the audience. In New Comedy, which developed later, the role of the Chorus was diminished and the focus shifted more towards individual characters and their personal lives. Therefore, the correct answer is Old Comedy.
32.
Which of the following comedy is typical for Psychological characterization
Correct Answer
B. New Comedy
Explanation
New Comedy is typically known for its psychological characterization. Unlike Old Comedy, which focused more on political and social satire, New Comedy delved into the complexities of human behavior and emotions. It often portrayed relatable characters with their flaws, desires, and motivations, creating a more realistic and nuanced portrayal of human psychology. This genre of comedy explored themes such as love, relationships, and personal conflicts, providing a deeper insight into the human psyche.
33.
Which of the following comedy is typical for Open personal invective
Correct Answer
A. Old Comedy
Explanation
Old Comedy is known for its use of open personal invective. This form of comedy, developed in ancient Greece, often involved satire, parody, and ridicule of individuals, including public figures and politicians. It was characterized by its bold and sometimes offensive language, as well as its focus on social and political commentary. New Comedy, on the other hand, was more focused on everyday life and domestic situations, and did not typically employ open personal invective. Therefore, the correct answer is Old Comedy.
34.
Which of the following comedy is typical for Love intrigue .
Correct Answer
B. New Comedy
Explanation
New Comedy is the correct answer because it is known for its focus on love intrigue. This genre of comedy originated in ancient Greece and Rome and typically revolves around romantic relationships, mistaken identities, and the complications that arise from them. New Comedy often features a lighthearted and humorous portrayal of love and the various obstacles that characters face in their pursuit of romantic relationships. It is characterized by its witty dialogue, clever plot twists, and comedic situations that arise from the misunderstandings and deceptions surrounding love.
35.
Which of the following comedy is typical for Plots are driven by confusion or misunderstanding
Correct Answer
B. New Comedy
Explanation
New Comedy is the correct answer because it is known for plots that are driven by confusion or misunderstanding. This genre of comedy, which emerged in ancient Greece during the 4th century BC, often revolves around mistaken identities, miscommunications, and humorous misunderstandings among the characters. New Comedy is characterized by its focus on everyday life and relatable situations, making it a popular form of entertainment during its time.
36.
Which of the following comedy is typical forPlots are driven by a clash of principles or ideas
Correct Answer
A. Old Comedy
Explanation
Old Comedy is the correct answer because it is known for its satirical and political nature. In Old Comedy, the plots are often driven by a clash of principles or ideas, where the main characters engage in witty dialogue and use humor to criticize societal norms and authority figures. This type of comedy was popular in ancient Greece, particularly during the 5th century BC, and is characterized by its exaggerated and absurd situations, as well as its use of satire to address important social and political issues of the time.
37.
Which of the following comedy is typical for Children are exposed or lost and later found .
Correct Answer
B. New Comedy
Explanation
New Comedy is the correct answer because it is a genre of comedy that typically involves children being exposed or lost and later found. This genre, which originated in ancient Greece, often features humorous situations and misunderstandings surrounding the search and reunion of children. New Comedy is known for its light-hearted and entertaining portrayal of family dynamics and the eventual resolution of the children's predicaments.
38.
There is a certain inversion of the social order in the genre of comedy.
Thus, in the Old Comedy, a major social task would likely be achieved by:
Correct Answer
A. Women's conspiracy
Explanation
In the genre of comedy, there is often a reversal or inversion of the social order. In Old Comedy, this is evident as major social tasks are achieved through unconventional means. Women's conspiracy refers to a group of women coming together and working secretly to accomplish a significant goal. This answer suggests that in Old Comedy, women would play a central role in achieving important social tasks through their collective efforts and scheming.
39.
Who is most unlike the other three
Correct Answer
A. AristopHanes
Explanation
Aristophanes is most unlike the other three because he was a Greek playwright, while Menander, Plautus, and Terence were all Roman playwrights.
40.
•Argues for peace amidst the war.
Correct Answer
A. AristopHanes
Explanation
Aristophanes is the correct answer because he was a Greek playwright known for his comedic plays that often dealt with political and social issues. Many of his plays, such as "Lysistrata," argue for peace amidst war by using humor and satire to criticize the actions and motivations of those involved in the conflict.
41.
Combined utopian fantasies with political conservatism
Correct Answer
A. AristopHanes
Explanation
Aristophanes is the correct answer because he combined utopian fantasies with political conservatism in his plays. He often used satire and humor to criticize the political and social issues of his time, while also presenting idealized visions of a better society. His plays, such as "The Clouds" and "Lysistrata," mocked and challenged the political establishment and advocated for traditional values and social order. Aristophanes' works were known for their clever wordplay, imaginative settings, and witty commentary on contemporary politics, making him a unique and influential figure in ancient Greek comedy.
42.
Student of Theophrastus; interested in the character-types
Correct Answer
B. Menander
Explanation
Menander is the correct answer because he was a Greek playwright who specialized in writing comedies that focused on character-types. He was a student of Theophrastus, who was a renowned philosopher and student of Aristotle. Menander's plays were known for their realistic and relatable characters, and he is often considered one of the greatest playwrights of ancient Greece. His works had a significant influence on later Roman playwrights such as Plautus and Terence.
43.
His plots have inspired most of imitations by later authors
Correct Answer
C. Plautus
Explanation
Plautus is the correct answer because his plots have served as inspiration for many later authors. This suggests that his works were influential and widely imitated by other writers.
44.
Caesar has called him “semi-Menander”
Correct Answer
C. Plautus
Explanation
Plautus is the correct answer because Caesar referred to him as "semi-Menander". This suggests that Plautus was considered to be somewhat comparable to Menander, who was a highly respected and influential Greek playwright. This comparison implies that Plautus was also a talented and significant playwright in his own right.
45.
Belonged to the Scipionic Circle
Correct Answer
D. Terence
Explanation
Terence was a Roman playwright who belonged to the Scipionic Circle, a group of influential Roman intellectuals and politicians. He was known for his comedies, which were influenced by Greek New Comedy and focused on the everyday lives of ordinary people. Terence's plays were highly regarded for their wit, clever dialogue, and realistic portrayal of characters. Being part of the Scipionic Circle allowed Terence to have access to the political and cultural elite of Rome, which likely contributed to his success as a playwright.
46.
He has exercised the most influence upon the other two
Correct Answer
B. Menander
Explanation
Menander is the correct answer because he was a highly influential Greek playwright who had a significant impact on both Aristophanes and Plautus. Menander's style of comedy, characterized by its focus on everyday life and relatable characters, greatly influenced the works of both Aristophanes and Plautus. Additionally, Menander's plays were known for their wit and clever dialogue, which also had a lasting influence on comedic writing. Therefore, it can be concluded that Menander exercised the most influence upon the other two playwrights.
47.
Which author wrote: •The Acharnians
Correct Answer
A. AristopHanes
Explanation
Aristophanes is the correct answer because he is the author of the play "The Acharnians". Aristophanes was a Greek playwright known for his comedic works, and "The Acharnians" is one of his most famous plays. It was first performed in 425 BCE and is a satirical comedy that criticizes the Athenian society and its involvement in the Peloponnesian War. Aristophanes' plays are known for their political and social commentary, and "The Acharnians" is no exception.
48.
Which author wrote: •Adelphi (The Brothers)
Correct Answer
D. Terence
Explanation
Terence is the correct answer because he is the author of the play "Adelphi" (The Brothers). Terence was a Roman playwright who lived during the 2nd century BC. He was known for his comedies, which often explored themes of family and relationships. "Adelphi" is one of his most famous works, and it tells the story of two brothers who are raised in different cities and have contrasting personalities. Terence's plays were highly regarded for their wit, humor, and insightful social commentary.
49.
Which author wrote: Dyskolos (The Old Cantankerous)
Correct Answer
B. Menander
Explanation
Menander is the correct answer because he is the ancient Greek playwright who wrote Dyskolos, which translates to "The Old Cantankerous" in English. Menander is known for his comedies, and Dyskolos is one of his most famous works. Aristophanes, Plautus, and Terence were also playwrights, but they did not write Dyskolos.
50.
Which author wrote: The Twin Menaechmi
Correct Answer
C. Plautus
Explanation
Plautus is the correct answer because he is the author of the play "The Twin Menaechmi". This play is a comedic adaptation of a Greek play by the same name, and it tells the story of two identical twins who are mistaken for each other, leading to a series of humorous misunderstandings and confusion. Plautus was a Roman playwright who is known for his comedic works, and "The Twin Menaechmi" is one of his most famous plays.