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Which is the most common type of tumor of the tympanic membrane?
A.
Glomus Tumor
B.
Otoschlerosis
C.
Mastoiditis
D.
Cholesteatoma
Correct Answer
A. Glomus Tumor
Explanation The most common type of tumor of the tympanic membrane is the Glomus Tumor. This tumor arises from the paraganglionic tissue in the middle ear and can cause symptoms such as hearing loss, pulsatile tinnitus, and ear fullness. It is more commonly seen in middle-aged to elderly individuals and is usually benign in nature. Treatment options may include surgical removal or radiation therapy, depending on the size and location of the tumor.
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2.
Tympanosclerosis is also known as?
A.
Myringosclerosis
B.
Mypaulsclerosis
C.
Otosclerosis
D.
Osteatoma
Correct Answer
A. Myringosclerosis
Explanation Myringosclerosis is the correct answer because it is another term used to describe Tympanosclerosis. Tympanosclerosis is a condition characterized by the deposition of collagen and calcium in the middle ear, causing the eardrum to become thickened and stiff. This can lead to hearing loss or a decrease in hearing sensitivity. Myringosclerosis is derived from the Greek words "myringo" meaning eardrum and "sclerosis" meaning hardening, which accurately describes the condition. Otosclerosis is a different condition involving abnormal bone growth in the middle ear, while osteatoma refers to a benign tumor-like growth in the ear. Mypaulsclerosis is not a recognized medical term.
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3.
"Scarring" on the tympanic membrane occurs with which disorder of the middle ear?
A.
Tympanosclerosis
B.
Cholesteatoma
C.
Mastoiditis
D.
Otosclerosis
Correct Answer
A. Tympanosclerosis
Explanation Tympanosclerosis is the disorder of the middle ear that causes scarring on the tympanic membrane. This condition is characterized by the deposition of calcium and collagen in the middle ear, leading to the formation of scar tissue on the eardrum. Tympanosclerosis can be caused by repeated ear infections, trauma to the ear, or previous middle ear surgery. The scarring can affect the mobility of the eardrum and the transmission of sound, resulting in hearing loss.
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4.
Calcium deposits forming on the tympanic membrane and sometime the ossicles is a symptom of which disorder of the middle ear?
A.
Tympanosclerosis
B.
Otitis Media
C.
Mastoiditis
D.
Cholesteatoma
Correct Answer
A. Tympanosclerosis
Explanation Tympanosclerosis is a disorder of the middle ear where calcium deposits form on the tympanic membrane and sometimes on the ossicles. This condition can occur as a result of chronic inflammation or repeated ear infections. The calcium deposits can cause the tympanic membrane and ossicles to become stiff and less flexible, leading to hearing loss or a decrease in hearing sensitivity. Therefore, the presence of calcium deposits on the tympanic membrane and ossicles is a characteristic symptom of tympanosclerosis.
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5.
Which causes are associated with Tympanosclerosis?
Correct Answer chronic otitis media and trauma to the tympanic membrane chronic otitis media, trauma to the tympanic membrane chronic otitis media, trauma
Explanation Tympanosclerosis is a condition characterized by the deposition of calcium in the middle ear. It is commonly associated with chronic otitis media, which is a long-lasting inflammation of the middle ear. This chronic inflammation can lead to the formation of scar tissue, which can contribute to the development of tympanosclerosis. Additionally, trauma to the tympanic membrane, such as from repeated ear infections or injury, can also contribute to the development of tympanosclerosis. Therefore, both chronic otitis media and trauma to the tympanic membrane are associated with tympanosclerosis.
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6.
Which are the nine disorders of the middle ear?
A.
Tympanic membrane perforation
B.
Ossicular fixation
ossicular fixation
C.
Mastoiditis
D.
Glomus tumor
E.
Cholesteatoma
F.
Otosclerosis
G.
Otitis media
H.
Tympanosclerosis
I.
Ossicular diarticulation
J.
Treacher collin syndrome
K.
Charge assocaition
Correct Answer(s)
A. Tympanic membrane perforation B. Ossicular fixation
ossicular fixation C. Mastoiditis D. Glomus tumor E. Cholesteatoma F. Otosclerosis G. Otitis media H. Tympanosclerosis I. Ossicular diarticulation
Explanation The correct answer includes nine disorders of the middle ear: tympanic membrane perforation, ossicular fixation, mastoiditis, glomus tumor, cholesteatoma, otosclerosis, otitis media, tympanosclerosis, and ossicular diarticulation. These disorders can affect the functioning of the middle ear, leading to various symptoms and complications.
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7.
What can cause a perforation in the tympanic membrane?
A.
Trauma or disease process
B.
Blowing bubbles
C.
Option 3
D.
Option 4
Correct Answer
A. Trauma or disease process
Explanation A perforation in the tympanic membrane can be caused by trauma or a disease process. Trauma refers to any physical injury or damage to the ear, such as a direct blow or insertion of a foreign object. On the other hand, a disease process can involve infections, such as chronic otitis media or acute otitis media, which can lead to inflammation and subsequent perforation of the eardrum. These conditions can weaken the tympanic membrane, making it more susceptible to perforation.
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8.
Otitis media is the ______ of the middle ear.
Correct Answer inflammation
Explanation Otitis media is a medical condition characterized by the inflammation of the middle ear. This inflammation can occur due to various reasons such as bacterial or viral infections, allergies, or blockage of the Eustachian tube. The inflammation causes pain, discomfort, and can lead to other complications if not treated. Therefore, "inflammation" is the correct answer to complete the sentence, as it accurately describes the condition of the middle ear in otitis media.
Explanation The correct answer is "serous, suppurative, mucoid." Otitis media is classified into three types based on the characteristics of the middle ear fluid. Serous otitis media is characterized by a non-infected fluid in the middle ear. Suppurative otitis media, also known as purulent otitis media, is characterized by infected fluid with pus in the middle ear. Mucoid otitis media is characterized by thick and glue-like fluid in the middle ear.
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10.
How can you determine the difference between suppurative/ purulent and mucoid?
Correct Answer need to sample mucous sample the mucous sample the fluid need to sample the fluid
Explanation To determine the difference between suppurative/purulent and mucoid, it is necessary to sample both the mucous and the fluid. This is because suppurative/purulent refers to a thick, yellowish fluid containing pus, while mucoid refers to a clear, gelatinous substance resembling mucus. By sampling both the mucous and the fluid, one can compare their characteristics and identify whether the sample is suppurative/purulent or mucoid.
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11.
_____ and ____ time course descriptions of Otitis Media.
Correct Answer acute, chronic
Explanation The answer "acute, chronic" refers to the different time course descriptions of Otitis Media. "Acute" describes a sudden and severe onset of the condition, while "chronic" indicates a long-lasting and recurring nature of the disease. This suggests that Otitis Media can present in both acute episodes and as a chronic condition that persists over time.
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12.
________ Otitis Media occurs with other symptoms like ear pain and ear drainage. Typically is infected longer than 3 weeks.
Correct Answer Acute
Explanation Otitis Media refers to the inflammation of the middle ear, and it is commonly accompanied by symptoms such as ear pain and ear drainage. The term "acute" is used to describe a condition that has a sudden onset and a short duration. Therefore, the answer "acute" is appropriate because it accurately describes the characteristic of Otitis Media, which typically lasts for a shorter period, usually less than 3 weeks.
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13.
Over what amount of time is it considered to be chronic Otitis Media?
Correct Answer over 3 months 3 months three months
Explanation Chronic Otitis Media is considered to be over a period of 3 months. This means that if someone experiences symptoms of Otitis Media, such as ear pain or fluid drainage, for more than 3 months, it is classified as chronic. This distinction is important because chronic Otitis Media may require different treatment approaches compared to acute or short-term cases.
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14.
Select the high risk factors for Otitis Media
A.
Young kids (especially between the ages of 18 months to 3 years)
B.
DAy Care/ Multiple kids at home
C.
Hispanic/Native American Kids
D.
Cleft Palate
E.
Down Syndrome
F.
Supressed Immune System
G.
Second Hand smoke
H.
Senior Citizens
I.
High altitudes
Correct Answer(s)
A. Young kids (especially between the ages of 18 months to 3 years) B. DAy Care/ Multiple kids at home C. Hispanic/Native American Kids D. Cleft Palate E. Down Syndrome F. Supressed Immune System G. Second Hand smoke
Explanation Otitis media is a common ear infection that primarily affects young children. The risk factors for developing otitis media include being a young child between the ages of 18 months to 3 years, being in a daycare or having multiple kids at home (increased exposure to germs), being Hispanic or Native American (possibly due to genetic factors), having a cleft palate or Down syndrome (structural abnormalities that can affect the Eustachian tube), having a suppressed immune system (reduced ability to fight off infections), being exposed to second-hand smoke (irritation of the Eustachian tube), and living in high altitudes (changes in air pressure can affect the Eustachian tube). Senior citizens are not considered high risk factors for otitis media.
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15.
It is recomended to first treat the symptoms of Otitis Media and allow it to clear up on its own, what other treatment options are available for otitis media?
Explanation The recommended treatment options for otitis media include antibiotics and pressure equalization (ventilation) tubes. These options help to alleviate the symptoms and promote healing of the infection. The use of antibiotics helps to eliminate the bacteria causing the infection, while the insertion of pressure equalization tubes helps to equalize the pressure in the middle ear and prevent fluid buildup. This combination of treatments is effective in treating otitis media and allowing it to clear up on its own.
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16.
Potential Medical Complications of Otitis Media
A.
Erosion of ossicles
B.
Erosion of the labyrinth
C.
Erosion and exposure of the facial nerve
D.
Mastoiditis
E.
Cholesteatoma
F.
Meningitis, encephalitis
G.
Otosclerosis
H.
Ossicular Disarticulation
Correct Answer(s)
A. Erosion of ossicles B. Erosion of the labyrinth C. Erosion and exposure of the facial nerve D. Mastoiditis E. Cholesteatoma F. Meningitis, encepHalitis
Explanation The potential medical complications of otitis media include erosion of the ossicles, erosion of the labyrinth, erosion and exposure of the facial nerve, mastoiditis, cholesteatoma, meningitis, encephalitis. These complications can occur due to the spread of infection from the middle ear to surrounding structures. Erosion of the ossicles can lead to hearing loss, while erosion of the labyrinth can cause balance problems. Erosion and exposure of the facial nerve can result in facial weakness or paralysis. Mastoiditis is an infection of the mastoid bone behind the ear, and cholesteatoma is an abnormal skin growth in the middle ear. Meningitis and encephalitis are serious infections of the brain and can occur if the infection spreads from the middle ear.
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17.
________ is the infection of the air cells of the mastoid process.
Correct Answer(s) Mastoiditis
Explanation Mastoiditis is the inflammation or infection of the air cells in the mastoid process, which is the bony prominence located behind the ear. This condition typically occurs as a complication of untreated or inadequately treated middle ear infections. The infection can spread from the middle ear to the mastoid air cells, causing symptoms such as ear pain, swelling, redness, and fever. Prompt medical treatment is necessary to prevent further complications and potential damage to the surrounding structures.
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18.
___________ is a benign "pseudo tumor" arising from skin cells trapped in the middle ear behind the tympanic memebrane.
Correct Answer(s) Cholesteatoma
Explanation Cholesteatoma is a benign "pseudo tumor" that develops from skin cells that become trapped in the middle ear, specifically behind the tympanic membrane. It is not a true tumor, but rather an abnormal growth that can cause damage to the ear structures if left untreated. Cholesteatoma can lead to hearing loss, dizziness, and recurrent ear infections. Treatment usually involves surgical removal of the growth to prevent further complications.
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19.
Cholesteatoma is most commonly acquired (often associated with Otitis Media) but can also be ________.
Correct Answer(s) congenital
Explanation Cholesteatoma is commonly acquired, often associated with Otitis Media, which is an infection of the middle ear. However, it can also be congenital, meaning that it is present at birth. This suggests that there are two possible ways for someone to develop cholesteatoma - either through acquiring it later in life due to an infection or having it from birth.
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20.
Symptoms of Cholesteatoma
A.
Drainage (with foul odor)
B.
Earache
C.
Feeling of pressure in the ear
D.
Dizziness (less common)
E.
Facial weakness (less common)
F.
Redness in the pinna
Correct Answer(s)
A. Drainage (with foul odor) B. Earache C. Feeling of pressure in the ear D. Dizziness (less common) E. Facial weakness (less common)
Explanation The given symptoms are indicators of cholesteatoma. Cholesteatoma is a condition where an abnormal growth of skin cells occurs in the middle ear behind the eardrum. The drainage with a foul odor is caused by the accumulation of debris and bacteria in the affected area. Earache and feeling of pressure in the ear are common symptoms due to the inflammation and blockage caused by the growth. Dizziness may occur in some cases due to the disruption of the balance mechanism in the ear. Facial weakness and redness in the pinna are less common symptoms that may occur if the growth extends to the facial nerve or causes irritation to the surrounding tissues.
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21.
Intervention for _______ includes surgery for removal and middle ear reconstruction.
Correct Answer(s) cholesteatoma
Explanation Cholesteatoma is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of skin cells in the middle ear. It can cause damage to the ear structures and lead to hearing loss, dizziness, and recurrent ear infections. Surgery is the primary intervention for cholesteatoma, which involves the removal of the abnormal growth and reconstruction of the middle ear. This procedure aims to restore normal ear function and prevent further complications associated with cholesteatoma.
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22.
__________ is the most common tumor of the tympanic membrane.
Correct Answer(s) Glomus tumor
Explanation A glomus tumor is a type of tumor that commonly occurs in the tympanic membrane. These tumors originate from the glomus bodies, which are clusters of specialized cells involved in regulating blood flow. Glomus tumors are typically benign and slow-growing, but they can cause symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus, and ear pain. Treatment options for glomus tumors include surgical removal or radiation therapy, depending on the size and location of the tumor.
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23.
___________is a rare slow growing benign vascular tumor of the temporal lobe.
Correct Answer(s) Glomus Tumor
Explanation A glomus tumor is a rare, slow-growing benign vascular tumor that typically occurs in the temporal lobe of the brain. This type of tumor is derived from the glomus body, which is a specialized structure involved in regulating blood flow and temperature. Glomus tumors are usually non-cancerous and do not spread to other parts of the body. However, they can cause symptoms such as seizures, headaches, and neurological deficits depending on their size and location. Treatment options for glomus tumors may include surgical removal, radiation therapy, or a combination of both.
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24.
____________ are much more common in women in the their 50-60's (40-70).
Correct Answer(s) Glomus Jugulares
Explanation Glomus Jugulares are much more common in women in their 50-60s (40-70).
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25.
the most common side affects of a glomus tumor are ________ and _________.
Explanation The most common side effects of a glomus tumor are conductive hearing loss and pulsatile tinnitus. Glomus tumors are typically found in the middle ear and can cause blockage or damage to the structures involved in hearing, leading to hearing loss. Pulsatile tinnitus refers to a rhythmic or pulsing sound in the ears, which can also be caused by the presence of a glomus tumor. Therefore, the correct answer is conductive hearing loss and pulsatile tinnitus.
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26.
TReatment for a glomus tumor include ___________ , ___________and ________.
Explanation The correct answer is surgery, radiation treatment, and monitoring size. Glomus tumors are typically treated through surgical removal, which is the most effective method. Radiation treatment may be used as an alternative or adjuvant therapy in some cases. Additionally, monitoring the size of the tumor is important to track its growth and determine the effectiveness of the treatment.
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27.
___________________ is the abnormal spongy deposits in the middle ear.
Correct Answer(s) Otosclerosis
Explanation Otosclerosis is the abnormal spongy deposits in the middle ear.
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28.
Facial Abnormalities of a person with Treacher Collins may include:
A.
Depressed cheek bones
B.
Deformed pinna
C.
Atresia of the external auditory canal
D.
Receding chin
E.
Large misshapen mouth
F.
Dental abnormalities
G.
Smooth skin
H.
Sparkling eyes
Correct Answer(s)
A. Depressed cheek bones B. Deformed pinna C. Atresia of the external auditory canal D. Receding chin E. Large misshapen mouth F. Dental abnormalities
Explanation The correct answer includes a list of facial abnormalities commonly seen in individuals with Treacher Collins syndrome. These abnormalities may include depressed cheek bones, deformed pinna (outer ear), atresia of the external auditory canal (abnormal ear canal), receding chin, large misshapen mouth, and dental abnormalities. These features are characteristic of Treacher Collins syndrome and can vary in severity among affected individuals. Smooth skin and sparkling eyes are not typically associated with this condition.
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29.
Treacher Collins Syndrome is _________________ although over 1/2 of the cases are fresh mutations.
Correct Answer(s) autosomal dominant
Explanation Treacher Collins Syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by facial deformities. The term "autosomal dominant" refers to the pattern of inheritance, where a single copy of the mutated gene from one parent is enough to cause the syndrome. This means that if one parent has the syndrome, there is a 50% chance of passing it on to their children. However, the statement also mentions that over half of the cases are fresh mutations, meaning that the syndrome can occur spontaneously without any family history.
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30.
Hearing loss associated with Treacher Collins is typically ___________, sometimes ___________, and occasionally only ______________.
Explanation Hearing loss associated with Treacher Collins is typically conductive, sometimes mixed, and occasionally only sensorineural. This means that individuals with Treacher Collins syndrome may experience different types of hearing loss. Conductive hearing loss occurs when there is a problem with the outer or middle ear, making it difficult for sound to reach the inner ear. Mixed hearing loss is a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, where there is a problem in both the outer/middle ear and the inner ear or auditory nerve. Sensorineural hearing loss involves damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve, making it challenging to process sound signals.
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31.
Endogenous
A.
Genetic
B.
Acquired
C.
Geriatric
D.
Pediatric
Correct Answer
A. Genetic
Explanation The term "endogenous" refers to something that originates from within an organism or system. In the context of the given options, "genetic" is the correct answer as it relates to traits or conditions that are inherited or determined by an individual's genes. This suggests that the condition or characteristic being referred to in the question is not acquired or related to age (geriatric or pediatric), but rather has a genetic basis.
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32.
Exogenous
A.
Acquired
B.
Genetic
C.
Geriatric
D.
Pediatric
Correct Answer
A. Acquired
Explanation Acquired refers to something that is obtained or developed after birth or as a result of external factors. In the context of the given options, exogenous, genetic, geriatric, and pediatric all refer to different factors or characteristics related to a person's biology or age. However, acquired stands out as the only option that suggests the development or acquisition of something later in life, rather than being inherent or present from birth.
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33.
____________________ is a complex pattern of genetic birth defffects.
Correct Answer CHARGE
34.
____________ one of the most common cause of 'deaf blindness'.
Correct Answer CHARGE
Explanation CHARGE syndrome is a genetic disorder that can cause a variety of physical and developmental problems, including deafness and blindness. It is considered one of the most common causes of 'deaf blindness' because individuals with CHARGE syndrome often experience both hearing loss and vision impairment. This syndrome affects multiple systems in the body and can lead to a range of symptoms and complications.
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35.
CHARGE Syndrome affects _______________.
Correct Answer 1 in 9,000-10,000 1 in every 9,000-10,000
Explanation CHARGE Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in every 9,000-10,000 individuals. This condition is characterized by a wide range of physical and developmental abnormalities, including heart defects, hearing and vision loss, growth delays, and intellectual disabilities. The prevalence of CHARGE Syndrome is relatively low, making it a rare condition that affects a small percentage of the population.
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36.
CHARGE stands for
A.
Coloboma
B.
Heart Defects
C.
Atresia of the Chonae
D.
Retardation of growth and development
E.
Genital and/or urinary abnormalities
F.
Ear abnormalities and/or deafness
G.
Altruism
H.
Geriatrics
Correct Answer(s)
A. Coloboma B. Heart Defects C. Atresia of the Chonae D. Retardation of growth and development E. Genital and/or urinary abnormalities F. Ear abnormalities and/or deafness
37.
Features used to form the acronym, CHARGE, are ______used to to diagnose the syndrome.
Correct Answer(s) no longer not
38.
Ossicular Disarticulation is the ___________ of the ossicular chain as a result of trauma or disease.
Correct Answer(s) separation
Explanation Ossicular Disarticulation refers to the separation of the ossicular chain due to trauma or disease. This means that the small bones in the middle ear, known as the ossicles, become disconnected from each other. This can occur as a result of an injury or an underlying condition that affects the middle ear. The separation of the ossicular chain can lead to hearing loss and other symptoms related to the malfunctioning of the middle ear.
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39.
Ossicular Disarticulation can be _____________ or complete.
Correct Answer(s) partial
Explanation Ossicular disarticulation refers to the separation or disruption of the tiny bones (ossicles) in the middle ear that are responsible for transmitting sound vibrations. It can occur in a partial or complete form. In the case of partial ossicular disarticulation, only some of the ossicles are disconnected or disrupted, while others remain intact. This can lead to a partial loss of hearing or other auditory issues. Complete ossicular disarticulation, on the other hand, involves the complete separation or disruption of all the ossicles, resulting in a more severe hearing impairment.
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40.
Of people with Ossicular disarticulation ___________ have erosion of the incudo-stapedial joint.
Correct Answer(s) 80% eighty percent
Explanation The given correct answer states that 80% or eighty percent of people with Ossicular disarticulation have erosion of the incudo-stapedial joint. This suggests that a majority of individuals with this condition experience erosion specifically in the incudo-stapedial joint. The high percentage indicates a strong correlation between Ossicular disarticulation and this particular type of erosion.
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41.
Ossicular fixation can be _____________ or acquired.
Correct Answer(s) congenital genetic endogenous
Explanation Ossicular fixation can be congenital, genetic, or endogenous. Congenital ossicular fixation refers to a condition present at birth, where the ossicles (small bones in the middle ear) are abnormally fused together or fixed in place. Genetic ossicular fixation implies that the condition is inherited and caused by specific genetic mutations. Endogenous ossicular fixation refers to acquired cases where the fixation occurs due to factors such as chronic ear infections, trauma, or abnormal bone growth.
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42.
__________________ is the congenital malformation (most commonly at the malleus) or fusion of all 3 ossicle bones.
Explanation Ossicular fixation refers to the congenital malformation or fusion of all three ossicle bones, most commonly at the malleus. The ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) are small bones in the middle ear that transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear. When these bones are fused or malformed, it can result in hearing loss or other auditory problems. Ossicular fixation can be treated with surgery to restore proper function of the ossicles and improve hearing.
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43.
Ossicular Fixation may occur from severe _______________ affecting the ossicles.
Explanation Ossicular Fixation may occur from severe tympanosclerosis affecting the ossicles. Tympanosclerosis is a condition characterized by the deposition of calcium in the middle ear, specifically on the ossicles. This can lead to the ossicles becoming stiff and immobile, resulting in ossicular fixation. The repeated occurrence of "tympano sclerosis" and "tympanosclerosis" in the answer options suggests that these terms are interchangeable and refer to the same condition.
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44.
__________________ is the single most common cause of serious hearing loss in young adulthood.
Correct Answer(s) Otosclerosis
Explanation Otosclerosis is the single most common cause of serious hearing loss in young adulthood. Otosclerosis is a condition characterized by abnormal bone growth in the middle ear, specifically in the tiny bones called ossicles. This abnormal bone growth can interfere with the transmission of sound vibrations to the inner ear, leading to hearing loss. It typically starts in early adulthood and affects more women than men. Treatment options for otosclerosis include hearing aids and surgical interventions like stapedectomy or stapedotomy.
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45.
Ototsclerosis is
A.
Inherited (dominant gene)
B.
Acquired
C.
Discovered
D.
From listening to loud music
Correct Answer
A. Inherited (dominant gene)
Explanation Ototsclerosis is a condition characterized by abnormal bone growth in the middle ear, which can lead to hearing loss. It is primarily caused by a dominant gene that is inherited from one or both parents. This means that if a person inherits the gene, they have a high likelihood of developing otosclerosis. Acquired causes, such as listening to loud music, are not associated with otosclerosis. Therefore, the correct answer is "Inherited (dominant gene)".
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46.
Onset of Otosclerosis is typically between
A.
20-40's
B.
40-50's
C.
50-60's
D.
3 months - 4 years
Correct Answer
A. 20-40's
Explanation Otosclerosis is a condition characterized by abnormal bone growth in the middle ear, which can lead to hearing loss. The onset of otosclerosis typically occurs between the ages of 20 and 40. During this time, individuals may start experiencing symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus, and dizziness. The condition tends to progress gradually over time, affecting the individual's ability to hear and communicate effectively. Therefore, the correct answer is 20-40's.
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47.
Otosclerosis is a _________________ disease (often bilateral).
Correct Answer degenerative Degenerative
Explanation Otosclerosis is a degenerative disease that often affects both ears.
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48.
_______________ affects 1 in every 5-10 Anglo women, 1 in every 2.5 - 5 Anglo men, and 1 in ever 100 African Americans.
Correct Answer Otosclerosis
Explanation Otosclerosis is a condition that affects the bones of the middle ear, causing them to become abnormally fixed and leading to hearing loss. This explanation is supported by the statement that otosclerosis affects a higher proportion of Anglo women and men compared to African Americans. The prevalence rates mentioned indicate that otosclerosis is more common in Anglo individuals, with approximately 1 in every 5-10 Anglo women and 1 in every 2.5-5 Anglo men being affected. On the other hand, otosclerosis is less common in African Americans, with only 1 in every 100 individuals being affected.
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49.
____________________ can grow into the middle ear and is exacerbated by pregnancy.
Correct Answer Otosclerosis otosclerosis
Explanation Otosclerosis is a condition in which abnormal bone growth occurs in the middle ear, specifically the stapes bone. This abnormal growth can lead to hearing loss. Pregnancy can exacerbate otosclerosis due to hormonal changes that can affect the bone remodeling process. Therefore, otosclerosis can grow into the middle ear and be worsened by pregnancy.
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50.
Facts associated with Tympanic Membrane Perforation:
A.
Can be cause by trauma or disease process
B.
Likely to cause hearing loss
C.
Most recover spontaneously over 2-3 months
D.
Surgical repair (myringoplasty) is sometime necessary
E.
Is a new trend in body modification
Correct Answer(s)
A. Can be cause by trauma or disease process B. Likely to cause hearing loss C. Most recover spontaneously over 2-3 months D. Surgical repair (myringoplasty) is sometime necessary
Explanation Tympanic membrane perforation can be caused by trauma or a disease process. It is likely to cause hearing loss. However, most cases of tympanic membrane perforation recover spontaneously over a period of 2-3 months. In some cases, surgical repair known as myringoplasty may be necessary to fix the perforation. The statement "is a new trend in body modification" is not associated with tympanic membrane perforation and is therefore not correct.
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