Exercise Physiology - Qp6

Balance is maintained by the eyes through visual cues, which provide information about the position and movement of the body in relation to the surroundings. The middle ear also plays a crucial role in balance by providing the sense of equilibrium. It contains the vestibular system, which contains fluid-filled canals and sensory receptors that detect changes in head position and movement, sending signals to the brain to help maintain balance. Fixators in joints and muscles, although important for stability and movement, do not directly contribute to maintaining balance.

When the body is well aligned, it means that the bones are in the correct position to bear the pressure of resisting gravity. This alignment helps distribute the weight evenly throughout the body, reducing strain on any particular area. Additionally, the muscles play a crucial role in maintaining this alignment by providing support and stability. They help to keep the bones in the correct position and prevent any misalignment or excessive stress on certain joints or muscles. Therefore, the statement is true as both the bones and muscles work together to maintain the correct alignment and distribute the pressure of resisting gravity.

The statement is false because a lever is not a flexible bar, but a rigid one. A lever is a simple machine that consists of a rigid bar that rotates around a fixed point called a fulcrum. It is used to amplify or redirect the applied force (effort) to overcome a resistance. The flexibility of the bar is not a characteristic of a lever.

A muscle works most effectively as it nears an angle of pull of 90°-100°. This range allows for optimal force production and mechanical advantage. When the angle of pull deviates from this range, it becomes less advantageous and the only solution is to increase the strength of the muscle to compensate for the reduced effectiveness.

If a coach is able to identify the fundamental mechanical flaws in a technique, they can provide guidance and correction to the athlete. By addressing these weaknesses, the athlete can make the necessary adjustments and improvements to their technique, leading to quicker rectification of errors. This suggests that the statement is true.

The statement is incorrect because Newton's Law does not state that structure is related to function. Newton's Laws of Motion, formulated by Sir Isaac Newton, describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting upon it, but they do not address the relationship between structure and function. Therefore, the correct answer is False.