Weather And Climate Review Quiz-5

Storms typically consist of low air pressure, clouds, precipitation, and strong winds. These elements combine to create the intense and often unpredictable weather conditions associated with storms. Therefore, the statement "Storms include low air pressure, clouds, precipitation, and strong winds" is true.

Fronts form when air masses meet. When two different air masses with different characteristics, such as temperature and humidity, collide, they create a boundary known as a front. This collision causes the air to rise and form clouds and precipitation, leading to changes in weather conditions. Therefore, the correct answer is "When air masses meet."

The three main types of pollution are air pollution, water pollution, and land pollution. This means that land pollution is one of the three types of pollution. Land pollution refers to the contamination of the Earth's surface and soil, usually caused by human activities such as improper waste disposal, industrial activities, and deforestation. It can have detrimental effects on the environment, ecosystems, and human health.

High pressure systems are associated with clear skies and calm weather conditions. The sinking air in high pressure areas inhibits the formation of clouds and precipitation, resulting in good weather. On the other hand, low pressure systems are characterized by rising air, which leads to the formation of clouds and potentially stormy weather with rain, thunderstorms, or snow. Therefore, the statement that high pressure causes good weather and low pressure causes stormy weather is true.

The correct answer is Warm, Cold, Stationary, and Occluded. These terms refer to different types of air masses and their interactions. Warm fronts occur when warm air replaces cold air, causing gradual temperature increases. Cold fronts occur when cold air replaces warm air, causing sudden temperature drops. Stationary fronts occur when neither warm nor cold air masses advance, resulting in prolonged periods of precipitation. Occluded fronts occur when a cold front overtakes a warm front, leading to complex weather patterns and precipitation.

Weather refers to the short-term condition of the atmosphere, including temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind speed, and cloud cover, among other factors. It can vary from day to day or even hour to hour. The answer "Short term condition of a small area" accurately describes weather as it pertains to a specific location or region, rather than a larger area or over a longer period of time.

Warm air is less dense than cool air because as air molecules heat up, they gain energy and move faster, causing them to spread out and occupy more space. This results in a decrease in air density. On the other hand, cool air has lower energy, causing the air molecules to move slower and be closer together, leading to a higher air density.

As altitude increases, the temperature decreases because the air becomes less dense and there is less heat trapped in the atmosphere. This is due to the fact that as you go higher in altitude, the air pressure decreases, causing the air molecules to spread out and the temperature to drop. Therefore, the correct answer is false, as altitude increases, temperature decreases.

Air moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. This is because air molecules naturally move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. In the case of air pressure, areas of high pressure have a higher concentration of air molecules, while areas of low pressure have a lower concentration. Therefore, air will naturally flow from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure until the pressure is equalized.

The correct answer is "Windward is cool and humid while leeward is warm and dry." This answer accurately describes the two sides of a mountain barrier. When moist air is forced to rise over a mountain, it cools and condenses, resulting in cool and humid conditions on the windward side. On the other hand, as the air descends on the leeward side, it warms and dries out, creating warm and dry conditions. Thus, this answer encompasses both aspects of the mountain barrier.

Air masses are large bodies of air that have similar temperature and humidity characteristics. Temperature is one of the main factors that determine the characteristics of an air mass. It can vary from warm to cold, influencing the overall weather conditions. Humidity, on the other hand, refers to the amount of moisture present in the air. It plays a crucial role in determining how saturated the air is, which affects cloud formation and precipitation. Therefore, temperature and humidity are the two main factors that define air masses.

Latitude affects temperature because it measures the distance from the equator. The closer a location is to the equator, the warmer the temperature tends to be, while the further away from the equator, the colder the temperature tends to be. This is due to the angle at which the sun's rays hit the Earth's surface, resulting in variations in the amount of solar energy received at different latitudes.

Ocean currents are not winds, but rather the continuous movement of ocean water caused by a combination of factors including temperature, wind patterns, and the Earth's rotation. While winds can influence ocean currents, they are not the primary driving force. Additionally, ocean currents do not solely carry warm water to the equator and back. They transport both warm and cold water around the world, redistributing heat and nutrients, and playing a crucial role in regulating global climate.

Air pressure is the force exerted by the weight of the atmosphere on a given area. In the case of high pressure, the air molecules are more densely packed, resulting in a greater force being exerted on the surrounding area. This creates a center of high pressure where the air pressure is the greatest. Therefore, the correct answer is "Center which is high pressure."

The major types of storms include winter storms, tornadoes, thunderstorms, and hurricanes. Winter storms refer to severe weather conditions that occur during the winter season, typically characterized by heavy snowfall, strong winds, and low temperatures. Tornadoes are violent rotating columns of air that can cause significant damage and destruction. Thunderstorms are characterized by thunder, lightning, heavy rain, and strong winds. Hurricanes are large tropical storms that form over warm ocean waters and are known for their strong winds and heavy rainfall.

When a city is close to a large body of water, it experiences cold summers because the water absorbs heat from the air, resulting in cooler temperatures. However, during winters, the water releases the stored heat, which leads to warmer temperatures compared to inland areas. This phenomenon is known as the maritime effect, where the presence of water moderates the temperature extremes, resulting in colder summers and milder winters.

The correct answer is Air Temp, Humidity, Wind, Wind Direction, and Air Pressure. These variables are all commonly used to describe and predict weather conditions. Air temperature is important in determining how hot or cold it is, humidity measures the amount of moisture in the air, wind speed and direction indicate the movement of air masses, and air pressure is a measure of the weight of the atmosphere. These variables together provide a comprehensive understanding of the weather conditions at a given location.

The factors of pollution listed are smog, smoke, rain, acid rain, and greenhouse effect. Smog is a type of air pollution caused by the interaction of sunlight with pollutants like nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds. Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, which react with the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid. The greenhouse effect refers to the trapping of heat in the Earth's atmosphere due to the increased concentration of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane. These factors contribute significantly to pollution and its negative effects on the environment and human health.

Continental- dry
Polar-cool, cold
Maritime- moist
Tropical-Warm