Process Of Cellular Respiration Work Quiz

1.

Which of the following statements is false.

A.

Glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen
B.

Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria
C.

Glycolysis is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration
D.

Glycolysis produces 2 ATP and 2 pyruvate

Correct Answer
B. Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria

Explanation
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, not in the mitochondria. The process of glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of cells, where glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. This is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and it can occur with or without oxygen. The production of 2 ATP and 2 pyruvate molecules is also a correct statement about glycolysis.

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2.

Sore muscles during exercise are caused by:

A.

Lactic acid fermentation
B.

Alcohol fermentation
C.

Glycolysis
D.

Krebs cycle

Correct Answer
A. Lactic acid fermentation

Explanation
During exercise, the body needs to produce energy quickly to meet the increased demand. This energy is primarily generated through a process called glycolysis, where glucose is broken down to produce ATP. However, when there is not enough oxygen available, glycolysis is followed by lactic acid fermentation. This process helps to regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. The accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles during intense exercise leads to the sensation of soreness. Therefore, lactic acid fermentation is the correct answer as it is responsible for causing sore muscles during exercise.

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3.

Which of the following processes produces the most ATP during cellular respiration?

A.

Glycolysis
B.

Krebs cycle
C.

Electron transport chain
D.

Photosynthesis

Correct Answer
C. Electron transport chain

Explanation
The electron transport chain produces the most ATP during cellular respiration. This process occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane and involves the transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 to a series of protein complexes. As electrons move through the chain, protons are pumped across the membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient. The flow of protons back across the membrane drives the synthesis of ATP through ATP synthase. Overall, the electron transport chain is responsible for generating the majority of ATP molecules in cellular respiration.

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4.

Most ATP in eukaryotic cells is produced in the:

A.

Mitochondria
B.

Nucleus
C.

Cytoplasm
D.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Correct Answer
A. Mitochondria

Explanation
The mitochondria is known as the powerhouse of the cell because it is responsible for producing the majority of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the main energy currency of cells. Through a process called cellular respiration, the mitochondria converts nutrients into ATP molecules, which can then be used by the cell to carry out various functions and processes. The nucleus is responsible for housing the cell's DNA and is not directly involved in ATP production. The cytoplasm is the fluid-filled region of the cell where various cellular processes occur but ATP production mainly occurs in the mitochondria. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and has no direct role in ATP production.

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5.

The products of cellular respiration are:

A.

Carbon dioxide and sugar
B.

Oxygen and sugar
C.

Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP
D.

Carbon dioxide and oxygen

Correct Answer
C. Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

Explanation
During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Carbon dioxide is a waste product that is released into the atmosphere, while water is produced as a byproduct. ATP is the energy currency of the cell and is generated during the process of respiration. Therefore, the correct answer is carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.

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6.

Which stage(s) of cellular respiration is anaerobic?

A.

Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain
B.

Glycolysis
C.

Krebs cycle
D.

Electron transport chain

Correct Answer
B. Glycolysis

Explanation
Glycolysis is the only stage of cellular respiration that is anaerobic. It takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell and does not require oxygen. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH. The Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain, on the other hand, are both aerobic stages that require oxygen to proceed. In the Krebs cycle, pyruvate is further broken down to produce more ATP, NADH, and FADH2. These energy-rich molecules then enter the electron transport chain, where they are used to generate a large amount of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

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7.

The reactants of cellular respiration are:

A.

Carbon dioxide and sugar
B.

Oxygen and sugar
C.

Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP
D.

Carbon dioxide and oxygen

Correct Answer
B. Oxygen and sugar

Explanation
The correct answer is oxygen and sugar. Cellular respiration is the process by which cells break down glucose (sugar) and combine it with oxygen to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell. This process occurs in the mitochondria and releases carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. Therefore, the reactants of cellular respiration are oxygen and sugar.

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8.

Which stage(s) of cellular respiration is aerobic?

A.

Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain
B.

Glycolysis
C.

Krebs cycle
D.

Electron transport chain

Correct Answer
A. Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain

Explanation
The Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain are both stages of cellular respiration that require oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP. This makes them aerobic stages. Glycolysis, on the other hand, is an anaerobic stage that does not require oxygen. Therefore, the correct answer is Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain.

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