Earth Science Unit 1 Exam Review
- 1.
Which of the following is NOT one of the main areas of Earth science?
- A.
Geology
- B.
Oceanography
- C.
Astrology
- D.
Astronomy
Correct Answer
C. AstrologyExplanation
Astrology is not one of the main areas of Earth science because it is not based on scientific principles and does not involve the study of the Earth or its processes. Earth science focuses on the study of the Earth's physical characteristics, such as its rocks, minerals, and landforms, as well as its atmosphere, oceans, and the interactions between them. Geology, oceanography, and astronomy are all recognized as main areas of Earth science because they involve the scientific study of the Earth and its components.Rate this question:
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- 2.
As altitude increases
- A.
Air pressure decreases and density increases
- B.
Air pressure increases and density decreases
- C.
Air pressure and density increase
- D.
Air pressure decreases and density decreases
Correct Answer
D. Air pressure decreases and density decreasesExplanation
As altitude increases, the air pressure decreases because there is less air above pushing down on the atmosphere. This decrease in air pressure also leads to a decrease in density because there are fewer air molecules in a given volume. Therefore, the correct answer is that as altitude increases, both air pressure and density decrease.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A description of the pattern of weather over many years in a region is ...
- A.
Weather forecast
- B.
Air mass
- C.
Climate
- D.
Weather system
Correct Answer
C. ClimateExplanation
Climate refers to the long-term pattern of weather conditions in a specific region. It encompasses the average temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind patterns, and other atmospheric conditions over many years. Unlike weather, which refers to the short-term conditions of the atmosphere, climate provides a broader understanding of the overall weather patterns and trends in a particular area. Therefore, climate is the correct answer as it accurately describes the long-term weather patterns in a region.Rate this question:
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- 4.
In the Northern Hemisphere, winds associated with a high-pressure system blow ________.
- A.
Counterclockwise toward the center
- B.
Clockwise toward the center
- C.
Clockwise outward from the center
- D.
Counterclockwise outward from the center
Correct Answer
C. Clockwise outward from the centerExplanation
In the Northern Hemisphere, winds associated with a high-pressure system blow clockwise outward from the center. This is due to the Coriolis effect, which is caused by the rotation of the Earth. The Coriolis effect causes moving air to be deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere, resulting in a clockwise circulation around a high-pressure system. As the air moves away from the center of the high-pressure system, it creates a clockwise outward flow of winds.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The process of converting a liquid to a gas is known as _________.
- A.
Evaporation
- B.
Sublimation
- C.
Condensation
- D.
Deposition
Correct Answer
A. EvaporationExplanation
Evaporation is the correct answer because it refers to the process of converting a liquid to a gas. During evaporation, the liquid molecules gain enough energy to escape from the surface and become a gas. This process occurs at temperatures below the boiling point of the liquid and does not require the entire liquid to reach its boiling point.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The source of the sun's energy is _______.
- A.
Chemical burning
- B.
Nuclear fission
- C.
Nuclear fusion
- D.
Photosynthesis
Correct Answer
C. Nuclear fusionExplanation
The correct answer is nuclear fusion. Nuclear fusion is the process in which the sun's energy is produced. It involves the fusion of hydrogen atoms to form helium, releasing a tremendous amount of energy in the process. This process occurs in the sun's core, where the high temperature and pressure conditions are ideal for fusion to take place. Unlike chemical burning or nuclear fission, which involve different reactions and energy sources, nuclear fusion is the primary source of the sun's energy.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What is the most common gas in the atmosphere?
- A.
Nitrogen
- B.
Helium
- C.
Hydrogen
- D.
Oxygen
Correct Answer
A. NitrogenExplanation
Nitrogen is the most common gas in the atmosphere, making up about 78% of the air we breathe. It is found in abundance and is essential for various biological processes. Nitrogen is relatively inert and does not react easily with other elements, making it a stable component of the atmosphere. This makes it an important gas for supporting life on Earth.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Isotherms show areas of equal.....
- A.
Pressure
- B.
Temperature
- C.
Humidity
Correct Answer
B. TemperatureExplanation
Isotherms are lines on a map that connect points of equal temperature. They help to visualize and understand temperature patterns across a given area. By looking at isotherms, we can identify areas with similar temperature conditions, such as regions with high or low temperatures. This information is useful for meteorologists, climatologists, and other scientists who study weather and climate patterns.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Areas with low pressure generally have
- A.
Bright skies and sunny weather
- B.
Overcast skies and precipitation
- C.
Dry weather
Correct Answer
B. Overcast skies and precipitationExplanation
Areas with low pressure generally have overcast skies and precipitation. This is because low pressure systems are associated with rising air, which leads to the formation of clouds and the condensation of moisture in the atmosphere. These conditions often result in overcast skies and the likelihood of precipitation, such as rain or snow.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of these is not a weather instrument?
- A.
Barometer
- B.
Geiger counter
- C.
Hygrometer
- D.
Anemometer
Correct Answer
B. Geiger counterExplanation
A geiger counter is not a weather instrument. It is actually a device used to detect and measure ionizing radiation. Weather instruments such as a barometer, hygrometer, and anemometer are used to measure atmospheric pressure, humidity, and wind speed respectively.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What are cooler, darker spots on the sun's surface?
- A.
Corona
- B.
Sunspots
- C.
Photosphere
Correct Answer
B. SunspotsExplanation
Sunspots are cooler, darker spots on the sun's surface. They appear darker because they are cooler than the surrounding areas, with temperatures ranging from about 3,000 to 4,500 degrees Celsius. Sunspots are caused by intense magnetic activity on the sun, which inhibits the convection process and reduces the temperature in those areas. They often occur in pairs or groups and can vary in size and shape. Sunspots are important for studying the sun's magnetic field and its effects on space weather.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What is the rotation period of the earth?
- A.
365 days
- B.
24 hours
- C.
1 year
Correct Answer
B. 24 hoursExplanation
The rotation period of the Earth refers to the time it takes for the Earth to complete one full rotation on its axis. This rotation period is approximately 24 hours, which is equivalent to one day. This means that the Earth completes a full rotation every 24 hours, resulting in the cycle of day and night that we experience.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What causes the seasons?
- A.
The elliptical movement of the earth around the sun
- B.
The tilt of the earth at various stages of the earth's revolution around the sun
- C.
The solar wind moves the earth at different angles
Correct Answer
B. The tilt of the earth at various stages of the earth's revolution around the sunExplanation
The seasons are caused by the tilt of the earth at various stages of its revolution around the sun. This tilt causes different parts of the earth to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year, leading to the changes in weather and temperature that we experience as seasons.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What causes the auroras or Northern and Southern lights?
- A.
The planets line up for the light show.
- B.
Charged particles from the sun begin to glow as they enter the earth's atmosphere
- C.
No one really knows
Correct Answer
B. Charged particles from the sun begin to glow as they enter the earth's atmosphereExplanation
Charged particles from the sun, such as electrons and protons, are responsible for causing the auroras or Northern and Southern lights. These particles are emitted by the sun during solar flares and travel towards the Earth. As they enter the Earth's atmosphere, they collide with atoms and molecules, causing them to become excited. When these excited particles return to their normal state, they release energy in the form of light, creating the beautiful auroras in the polar regions.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The spinning of Earth on its axis.
- A.
Rotation
- B.
Revolution
- C.
Month
- D.
Year
Correct Answer
A. RotationExplanation
Rotation refers to the spinning of Earth on its axis. The Earth rotates once every 24 hours, causing day and night. This motion is responsible for the apparent movement of the Sun, Moon, and stars across the sky. Rotation is different from revolution, which refers to the Earth's movement around the Sun.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The yearly orbit of Earth around the Sun is called its__________.
- A.
Rotation
- B.
Ellipse
- C.
Tilt
- D.
Revolution
Correct Answer
D. RevolutionExplanation
The term "revolution" refers to the yearly orbit of Earth around the Sun. This is the correct answer because it accurately describes the movement of Earth in a circular path around the Sun, completing one revolution in approximately 365.25 days. The other options, such as "rotation" which refers to the spinning of Earth on its axis, "ellipse" which describes the shape of Earth's orbit, and "tilt" which refers to Earth's axial tilt, are not specifically related to the yearly orbit around the Sun.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Burning fossil fuels releases harmful gases that will cause acid rain.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Burning of fossil fuels releases sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. When sulphur dioxide dissolves in rain water, they form acids, which then fall as acid rain.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Sun spots ___.
- A.
Cause changes in the amount of back radiation that Earth emits
- B.
Occur in a 100-year cycle
- C.
Were more numerous between A.D. 1645 and 1715 than they are today
- D.
Occur at times when net solar emissions are stronger than normal
Correct Answer
D. Occur at times when net solar emissions are stronger than normalExplanation
Sun spots occur at times when net solar emissions are stronger than normal. Sun spots are dark areas on the surface of the Sun that are cooler than the surrounding areas. These spots are caused by strong magnetic activity on the Sun's surface. When sun spots occur, it indicates that there is increased magnetic activity and energy being released from the Sun. This leads to stronger net solar emissions, which can have various effects on Earth's climate and weather patterns.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What causes Earth's climate to change over time?
- A.
Changes in Earth's orbit around the Sun
- B.
Changes in the strength of the Sun
- C.
Changes in plate tectonics (geography of land and sea)
- D.
Human activities
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The Earth's climate changes over time due to a combination of factors. Changes in Earth's orbit around the Sun, known as Milankovitch cycles, can alter the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. Variations in the strength of the Sun, such as changes in solar activity and radiation, can also impact the climate. Additionally, changes in plate tectonics, which affect the distribution of land and sea, can influence climate patterns. Finally, human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, contribute to climate change through the release of greenhouse gases. Therefore, all of these factors contribute to the Earth's changing climate.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Sea and land breezes happen because __________.
- A.
The land heats and cools more slowly than the water.
- B.
The land heats and cools more quickly than the water.
- C.
Air moves more easily over water than over land.
- D.
Air moves more easily over land than over water.
Correct Answer
B. The land heats and cools more quickly than the water.Explanation
Sea and land breezes happen because the land heats and cools more quickly than the water. During the day, the land heats up faster than the water, causing the air above the land to become warmer and rise. This creates a low-pressure area over the land. At the same time, the water remains cooler, creating a high-pressure area. The air moves from the high-pressure area over the water towards the low-pressure area over the land, creating a sea breeze. During the night, the land cools down faster than the water, causing the air above the land to become cooler and denser. This creates a high-pressure area over the land and a low-pressure area over the water, resulting in a land breeze.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What layer has the ozone layer in it?
- A.
Mesosphere
- B.
Troposphere
- C.
Thermosphere
- D.
Stratosphere
Correct Answer
D. StratosphereExplanation
The ozone layer is found in the stratosphere. This layer is located above the troposphere, which is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The stratosphere is characterized by the presence of ozone molecules, which absorb a significant amount of the sun's ultraviolet radiation. This absorption helps to protect life on Earth from the harmful effects of excessive UV radiation. The ozone layer is crucial for maintaining the balance of temperature and preserving the overall health of the planet.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What gas makes up around 21% of our atmosphere?
- A.
Methane
- B.
Oxygen
- C.
Nitrogen
- D.
Carbon dioxide
Correct Answer
B. OxygenExplanation
Oxygen makes up around 21% of our atmosphere. It is essential for the survival of most living organisms, as it is used in the process of respiration. Oxygen is produced by plants through photosynthesis and is also released by certain bacteria and algae. It plays a crucial role in the Earth's atmosphere by supporting combustion and maintaining the ozone layer.Rate this question:
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- 23.
What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
Nitrogen
- C.
Carbon Dioxide
- D.
Water Vapor
Correct Answer
B. NitrogenExplanation
Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere, accounting for about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. It is a colorless and odorless gas that is essential for life as it is a key component of proteins and nucleic acids. Nitrogen is not only found in the atmosphere but also in the soil and water, playing a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle and supporting the growth and development of plants and animals.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by radiation?
- A.
A pan sitting on a hot burner
- B.
The Sun heating the Earth
- C.
Hot air lifting a balloon off the ground
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. The Sun heating the EarthExplanation
The Sun heating the Earth is an example of heat transfer by radiation. Radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, and the Sun emits electromagnetic waves, including heat, which travel through space and reach the Earth, warming it up. This is different from conduction, which occurs when heat is transferred through direct contact, and convection, which occurs when heat is transferred through the movement of fluids.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by convection?
- A.
A pan sitting on a hot burner
- B.
The Sun heating the Earth
- C.
Hot air lifting a balloon off the ground
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Hot air lifting a balloon off the groundExplanation
Hot air lifting a balloon off the ground is an example of heat transfer by convection. Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids or gases. In this case, the hot air rises due to its lower density and carries the balloon with it. This process is commonly observed in hot air balloons, where the heat from the burner warms the air inside the balloon, causing it to become less dense and rise.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Why is the ozone layer beneficial to humans?
- A.
It gets rid of harmful gases like carbon dioxide.
- B.
It provides a form of oxygen with three atoms that helps us breathe better.
- C.
It increases the greenhouse effect so we can grow plants.
- D.
It filters out incoming ultraviolet radiation.
Correct Answer
D. It filters out incoming ultraviolet radiation.Explanation
The ozone layer is beneficial to humans because it filters out incoming ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun can be harmful to humans as it can cause skin cancer, cataracts, and weakened immune system. The ozone layer acts as a protective shield, absorbing and blocking a significant amount of these harmful UV rays from reaching the Earth's surface. This helps to reduce the risk of these health issues and allows humans to safely enjoy outdoor activities without excessive exposure to UV radiation.Rate this question:
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- 27.
How does radiation travel through space?
- A.
Energy travels in a straight line.
- B.
Energy travels in a zig zag line.
- C.
Energy travels as waves.
Correct Answer
C. Energy travels as waves.Explanation
Radiation, such as light or electromagnetic waves, travels through space as waves. Waves are a form of energy that can propagate through a medium or even in a vacuum. This is supported by the fact that light from distant stars and galaxies reaches us, indicating that it has traveled through the vast expanse of space as waves. The wave nature of radiation allows it to propagate in a straight line until it interacts with an object or is absorbed by a medium.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Which of the following best describes the greenhouse effect ?
- A.
The warming of the earth's surface and lower atmosphere occurs when carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor and other greenhouse gases absorb and reradiate infrared radiation.
- B.
The warming of the earth's surface and lower atmosphere of Earth occur when oxygen and nitrogen absorb and reradiate reradiate infrared radiation.
- C.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
A. The warming of the earth's surface and lower atmosphere occurs when carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor and other greenhouse gases absorb and reradiate infrared radiation.Explanation
The correct answer is the warming of the earth's surface and lower atmosphere occurs when carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor and other greenhouse gases absorb and reradiate infrared radiation. This answer accurately describes the greenhouse effect, which is the process by which certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat and warm the Earth's surface. These greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, absorb and reradiate infrared radiation, preventing it from escaping into space and causing the Earth's temperature to rise.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Venus has an atmosphere made up of 97% carbon dioxide. What type of temperatures would you expect to find in Venus?
- A.
Extremely Low temperatures.
- B.
Extremely High temperatures.
- C.
Average, livable temperatures.
Correct Answer
B. Extremely High temperatures.Explanation
The correct answer is extremely high temperatures because Venus has a thick atmosphere composed mainly of carbon dioxide, which creates a greenhouse effect. This effect traps heat from the sun, causing the temperatures on Venus to reach extreme levels, making it the hottest planet in our solar system, with an average surface temperature of about 900 degrees Fahrenheit (475 degrees Celsius).Rate this question:
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- 30.
What happens to the temperature as pressure increases?
- A.
As pressure increases, temperature increases
- B.
As pressure increases, temperature decreases
- C.
As pressure increases there is no change in temperature
Correct Answer
A. As pressure increases, temperature increasesExplanation
According to the ideal gas law, as pressure increases, temperature also increases. This is because when pressure is applied to a gas, the gas molecules are forced closer together, resulting in more frequent and energetic collisions. These collisions transfer more kinetic energy to the gas particles, leading to an increase in temperature. Therefore, as pressure increases, the temperature of the gas also increases.Rate this question:
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- 31.
What is the atmospheric layer closest to the ground?
- A.
Mesosphere
- B.
Troposphere
- C.
Thermosphere
- D.
Stratosphere
Correct Answer
B. TroposphereExplanation
The troposphere is the atmospheric layer closest to the ground. It is where weather occurs and where we live and breathe. This layer extends from the Earth's surface up to about 10-15 kilometers in altitude. The other options, mesosphere, thermosphere, and stratosphere, are all located above the troposphere at higher altitudes.Rate this question:
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- 32.
What is the coldest layer in the atmosphere?
- A.
Troposphere
- B.
Thermosphere
- C.
Stratosphere
- D.
Mesosphere
Correct Answer
D. MesosphereExplanation
The mesosphere is the coldest layer in the atmosphere. As you move higher in the atmosphere, the temperature decreases. The mesosphere is located above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere. It is characterized by extremely low temperatures, reaching as low as -90 degrees Celsius. This layer is also where meteors burn up upon entering the Earth's atmosphere.Rate this question:
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- 33.
What happens to temperature as you go higher in the troposphere?
- A.
It gets hotter
- B.
It gets colder
- C.
It stays the same
- D.
It is always changing
Correct Answer
B. It gets colderExplanation
As you go higher in the troposphere, the temperature decreases. This is due to the fact that the troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere, and it is closest to the surface. The temperature in the troposphere decreases with altitude because the air becomes less dense and there is less heat transfer from the surface. This results in a colder temperature as you move higher up in the troposphere.Rate this question:
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- 34.
The process by which the atmosphere traps heat is called what?
- A.
The greenhouse effect
- B.
Conduction
- C.
The Coriolis Effect
- D.
Convection
Correct Answer
A. The greenhouse effectExplanation
The greenhouse effect refers to the process in which certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat from the sun, causing the Earth's temperature to rise. These gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, act like the glass walls of a greenhouse, allowing sunlight to enter but preventing the heat from escaping back into space. This phenomenon is essential for maintaining Earth's temperature within a habitable range, but human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, have intensified the greenhouse effect, leading to global warming and climate change.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Which of the following statements is true regarding warm and cool air?
- A.
Warm air is more dense than cool air, so it rises.
- B.
Cool air is less dense than warm air, so it rises.
- C.
Warm air is less dense than cool air, so it sinks.
- D.
Cool air is more dense than warm air, so it sinks.
Correct Answer
D. Cool air is more dense than warm air, so it sinks.Explanation
Warm air is less dense than cool air because when air is heated, its molecules move faster and spread out, causing the air to become less dense. On the other hand, cool air is denser because its molecules move slower and are packed closer together. This difference in density causes warm air to rise and cool air to sink.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The condition of the Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place is known as _____________________.
- A.
Weather
- B.
Atmosphere
- C.
Water vapor
Correct Answer
A. WeatherExplanation
The condition of the Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place is known as weather. This includes factors such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure. The term "weather" refers to the day-to-day changes in these atmospheric conditions, as opposed to the long-term average known as climate. It is important to study and understand weather patterns in order to make accurate forecasts and predictions, and to plan and prepare for various weather events.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Which of the following is made up of three molecules of oxygen?
- A.
Ozone
- B.
Nitogen oxide
- C.
Sulfuric acid
Correct Answer
A. OzoneExplanation
Ozone is made up of three molecules of oxygen. Ozone is a molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms bonded together. It is formed naturally in the Earth's atmosphere through the reaction of oxygen molecules with ultraviolet light. Ozone is important in the atmosphere as it acts as a shield, absorbing most of the sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation. It is also used in various industrial applications and can be produced artificially for different purposes. Nitrogen oxide and sulfuric acid do not consist of three molecules of oxygen, making ozone the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 38.
As altitude increases, density decreases
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
As altitude increases, the air pressure decreases. This decrease in air pressure leads to a decrease in the density of the air. This is because at higher altitudes, there are fewer air molecules present in a given volume of space. Therefore, the statement "As altitude increases, density decreases" is true.Rate this question:
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- 39.
What happens to the temperature as pressure increases?
- A.
As pressure increases, temperature increases
- B.
As pressure increases, temperature decreases
- C.
As pressure increases there is no change in temperature
Correct Answer
A. As pressure increases, temperature increasesExplanation
As pressure increases, the temperature also increases. This is because an increase in pressure causes the gas molecules to move faster and collide with each other more frequently. These collisions result in an increase in kinetic energy, which is directly related to temperature. Therefore, as pressure increases, the temperature of the system also increases.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Which of the following increases air's ability to hold water vapor?
- A.
Increase in wind speed
- B.
Decrease in temperature
- C.
Increase in temperature
- D.
Decrease in air pressure
Correct Answer
C. Increase in temperatureExplanation
An increase in temperature increases air's ability to hold water vapor because warm air has a higher capacity to hold moisture compared to cold air. As the temperature rises, the air molecules move faster and spread out, creating more space for water vapor to exist. This is why hot and humid climates have higher levels of moisture in the air, while cold climates have lower levels.Rate this question:
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- 41.
What does a hurricane need to form?
- A.
Big waves
- B.
Low ocean temperatures
- C.
High ocean temperatures
- D.
High are pressure
Correct Answer
C. High ocean temperaturesExplanation
A hurricane needs high ocean temperatures to form. Warm ocean waters provide the necessary energy and moisture for a hurricane to develop and strengthen. As the warm air rises from the ocean surface, it creates an area of low pressure, which is a crucial component for hurricane formation. The warm air then starts to rotate due to the Earth's rotation and the Coriolis effect, leading to the development of a tropical cyclone. Therefore, high ocean temperatures play a vital role in the formation and intensification of hurricanes.Rate this question:
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- 42.
What tool measures air pressure?
- A.
Thermometer
- B.
Anemometer
- C.
Psychrometer
- D.
Barometer
Correct Answer
D. BarometerExplanation
A barometer is a tool specifically designed to measure air pressure. It consists of a glass tube filled with mercury or a liquid, which rises or falls depending on the atmospheric pressure. By measuring the height of the liquid, the barometer can determine the air pressure. This makes it a reliable tool for meteorologists and weather forecasters to monitor changes in air pressure and predict weather patterns.Rate this question:
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- 43.
What kind of weather does a cold front usually bring?
- A.
Warm
- B.
Sunny
- C.
Stormy
- D.
Windy
Correct Answer
C. StormyExplanation
A cold front is a boundary where a cold air mass is replacing a warmer air mass. As the cold air pushes into an area, it forces the warm air to rise rapidly, creating instability in the atmosphere. This instability leads to the formation of cumulonimbus clouds, which are associated with thunderstorms and heavy precipitation. Therefore, a cold front usually brings stormy weather.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Condensation is when water changes from
- A.
A gas to a liquid
- B.
A liquid to a gas
- C.
A liquid to a solid
- D.
A solid to a gas
Correct Answer
A. A gas to a liquidExplanation
Condensation is the process by which water vapor, which is in its gaseous state, cools down and transforms into liquid water. This occurs when the temperature of the water vapor decreases, causing the water molecules to slow down and come together, forming liquid droplets. This is commonly observed when warm air containing water vapor comes into contact with a cooler surface, such as a cold glass, resulting in the formation of water droplets on the surface. Therefore, condensation involves the change of water from a gas to a liquid state.Rate this question:
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- 45.
What are parts of the hydrosphere?
- A.
Oceans, clouds, groundwater
- B.
Mountains, rivers, clouds
- C.
Clouds, rivers, forests
- D.
Land, clouds, oceans
Correct Answer
A. Oceans, clouds, groundwaterExplanation
The hydrosphere refers to all the water on Earth, including oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and even water vapor in the atmosphere. Therefore, the correct answer is oceans, clouds, and groundwater, as they are all part of the hydrosphere.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Which loses its heat faster, water or land?
- A.
Land
- B.
Water
- C.
It varies
- D.
Both lose heat at the same rate
Correct Answer
A. LandExplanation
Land loses heat faster than water because land has a lower specific heat capacity compared to water. Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by a certain amount. Since land has a lower specific heat capacity, it requires less heat energy to raise its temperature compared to water. Therefore, land can lose heat more quickly than water.Rate this question:
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- 47.
In what part of the water cycle do clouds form?
- A.
Evaporation
- B.
Precipitation
- C.
Runoff
- D.
Condensation
Correct Answer
D. CondensationExplanation
Clouds form during the process of condensation in the water cycle. Condensation occurs when water vapor in the air cools down and changes into liquid water droplets. As the air rises and cools, it reaches its dew point, causing the water vapor to condense around tiny particles in the atmosphere, such as dust or pollutants. These condensed water droplets then come together to form clouds. Therefore, condensation is the correct answer as it accurately describes the stage at which clouds are formed in the water cycle.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Lightning is an electric discharge between a positively charged area and
- A.
A rising air mass
- B.
Another positively charged area
- C.
A source of rain
- D.
A negatively charged area
Correct Answer
D. A negatively charged areaExplanation
Lightning is an electric discharge that occurs between a positively charged area and a negatively charged area. When there is a build-up of positive charge in one area and negative charge in another area, the electrical imbalance is resolved by a rapid flow of electrons from the negatively charged area to the positively charged area. This flow of electrons creates the visible flash of light and the accompanying thunder. Therefore, the correct answer is a negatively charged area.Rate this question:
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- 49.
How does a warm front form?
- A.
Warm air becomes caught between cold air masses.
- B.
Two air masses meet and stay separated.
- C.
Warm air moves over cold air and replaces it.
- D.
Cold air moves under warm air and pushes it up.
Correct Answer
C. Warm air moves over cold air and replaces it.Explanation
A warm front forms when warm air moves over cold air and replaces it. This occurs when a warm air mass advances and pushes against a cold air mass. As the warm air rises over the colder air, it replaces the colder air at the surface. This process leads to the formation of a warm front, which is characterized by a gradual increase in temperature and the potential for precipitation.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Wind occurs because air tends to move from regions of higher to lower
- A.
Latitude
- B.
Nitrogen levels
- C.
Pressure
- D.
Humidity
Correct Answer
C. PressureExplanation
Wind occurs because air tends to move from regions of higher to lower pressure. Pressure differences create imbalances in the air, causing it to flow from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. This movement of air creates wind.Rate this question:
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Mar 19, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Mar 04, 2014Quiz Created by
Tanja Donelson