Cellular Energy: Keystone Exam! Trivia Quiz

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the most direct source of energy for an animal cell. ATP is produced during cellular respiration and is used by cells as a source of chemical energy to carry out various cellular processes, including the synthesis of materials. Glucose, DNA, and starch are important molecules in cellular processes, but they are not the direct source of energy for synthesis.

The diagram represents the process of photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Photosynthesis is the primary source of energy for many organisms, as it produces glucose, which is used for cellular respiration. The statement correctly identifies that the primary source of energy for the process represented in the diagram is the Sun.

The circulatory system is correctly paired with its function of transporting materials for energy release in body cells. This system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, which work together to deliver oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other essential substances to the body's cells. Additionally, the circulatory system helps remove waste products, such as carbon dioxide, from the cells. Overall, it plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis and ensuring the proper functioning of the body's organs and tissues.

The student had to assume that starch is synthesized from the glucose produced in the green areas of the leaf in order to draw the conclusion that chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis. This assumption is based on the understanding that photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into glucose, which is then used to synthesize starch. Since starch was found in the green areas of the leaf where chlorophyll is present, it suggests that chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis and the production of glucose, which is then converted into starch.

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are similar in that they both involve organic and inorganic molecules. In photosynthesis, organic molecules such as glucose are produced using inorganic molecules like carbon dioxide and water, with the help of sunlight. On the other hand, in cellular respiration, organic molecules like glucose are broken down to release energy, and inorganic molecules like oxygen are used and carbon dioxide is produced. Therefore, both processes involve the interaction of organic and inorganic molecules to carry out their respective functions.

A mushroom is considered a heterotroph because it obtains nutrients from its environment. Unlike autotrophs, which can produce their own food through photosynthesis, mushrooms rely on external sources for their nutrition. They obtain organic matter from decaying plants or other organic materials in their surroundings, breaking them down and absorbing the nutrients. This process of obtaining nutrients from the environment is characteristic of heterotrophs.

The flowchart is likely depicting a process related to cellular respiration. Increased concentration of glucose in leaf cells would correctly complete the flowchart because glucose is the main substrate for cellular respiration. As glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen, ATP is produced, which is the energy currency of the cell. Therefore, increased concentration of glucose in leaf cells would lead to an increase in ATP production.

Both cell A and cell B use energy released from ATP. This statement suggests that both cells A and B require ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for energy. ATP is the primary energy currency in cells and is used for various cellular processes, such as metabolism, active transport, and synthesis of macromolecules. This statement implies that both cells A and B have similar energy requirements and rely on ATP for their energy needs.

Certain poisons interfere with the function of enzymes in mitochondria, which are responsible for energy production in cells. When these enzymes are disrupted, the cell is unable to release energy from nutrients effectively. This can lead to a decrease in cellular energy levels, affecting various metabolic processes and ultimately causing harm to the organism.

If the aquarium is tightly covered and maintained in natural light for one month, the organisms would probably survive because materials would cycle. This means that the ecosystem within the aquarium would be able to sustain itself by recycling nutrients and other essential materials. The natural light would provide energy for photosynthesis by the plants, which would produce oxygen for the organisms to respire. The snail's respiration would not decrease significantly as it can still obtain oxygen from the water. The fish may be affected in terms of reproduction due to limited space and resources, but overall the ecosystem would be able to maintain a balance.

Decomposers are necessary in an ecosystem because they make inorganic materials available to plants. Decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down dead organic matter into simpler inorganic compounds, releasing nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. These nutrients are then absorbed by plants and used for their growth and development. Without decomposers, the organic matter would accumulate and nutrients would remain locked in dead organisms, making them unavailable for plants. Therefore, decomposers play a crucial role in recycling nutrients and maintaining the balance of an ecosystem.

The technique shown in the diagram involves using paper chromatography to analyze pigments in spinach leaves. Paper chromatography is a method used to separate and identify different components of a mixture, in this case, the pigments in the spinach leaves. It involves placing a small amount of the mixture (in this case, the pigment extract from the spinach leaves) on a strip of absorbent paper and allowing a solvent to move up the paper. As the solvent moves up the paper, it carries the different pigments with it, causing them to separate based on their solubility in the solvent. This technique is commonly used in biology and chemistry to analyze and identify various substances.