AP Chemistry Bonding/VSEPR/IMF Quiz

1. Determine the molecular geometry of .

Linear

Trigonal planar

Tetrahedral

Trigonal pyramidal

The correct answer is tetrahedral because a molecule with four bonding pairs and no lone pairs of electrons around the central atom has a tetrahedral molecular geometry.

Explanation

The correct answer is tetrahedral because a molecule with four bonding pairs and no lone pairs of electrons around the central atom has a tetrahedral molecular geometry.

2. Which pair of elements is most likely to form an ionic bond?

Nitrogen and oxygen

Carbon and hydrogen

Sulfur and oxygen

Calcium and oxygen

Calcium and oxygen are most likely to form an ionic bond because calcium is a metal and oxygen is a nonmetal. In an ionic bond, one atom transfers electrons to another atom, resulting in the formation of ions with opposite charges. Calcium easily loses two electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, while oxygen readily gains two electrons to fill its outermost energy level. This transfer of electrons creates a strong electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions, leading to the formation of an ionic bond.

Explanation

Calcium and oxygen are most likely to form an ionic bond because calcium is a metal and oxygen is a nonmetal. In an ionic bond, one atom transfers electrons to another atom, resulting in the formation of ions with opposite charges. Calcium easily loses two electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, while oxygen readily gains two electrons to fill its outermost energy level. This transfer of electrons creates a strong electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions, leading to the formation of an ionic bond.

3. Based on the expected intermolecular forces, which halogen has the highest boiling point?

The halogen with the highest boiling point is iodine. Iodine molecules are larger and have more electrons, leading to stronger London dispersion forces between the molecules. These forces require more energy to overcome, resulting in a higher boiling point compared to the smaller halogens like fluorine, chlorine, and bromine.

Explanation

The halogen with the highest boiling point is iodine. Iodine molecules are larger and have more electrons, leading to stronger London dispersion forces between the molecules. These forces require more energy to overcome, resulting in a higher boiling point compared to the smaller halogens like fluorine, chlorine, and bromine.

4. Which substance has dipole-dipole forces?

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Explanation

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5. One of these substances is a liquid at room temperature. Which one?

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Explanation

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6. Which molecule is polar?

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Explanation

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7. Which one do you like?

O, S, As, Ge

Ge, As, S, O

S, O, As, Ge

As, O, Ge, S

The correct answer is "Ge, As, S, O". This answer follows the alphabetical order of the letters in the question. Starting with "Ge" and going in alphabetical order, the next letter is "As", followed by "S", and finally "O".

Explanation

The correct answer is "Ge, As, S, O". This answer follows the alphabetical order of the letters in the question. Starting with "Ge" and going in alphabetical order, the next letter is "As", followed by "S", and finally "O".