Main Cause Of Diabetes Mellitus

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| By PrincessClarity
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  • 1/11 Questions

    DKA happens as a result of?

    • Inadequate insulin
    • Illness or infection
    • Omission of Insulin
    • All of the above
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About This Quiz

Explore the acute complications of Diabetes Mellitus, focusing on Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). This quiz assesses understanding of DKA's triggers, symptoms, and biochemical disturbances, crucial for medical and nursing professionals.

Diabetes Mellitus Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    Patient with the following ABG; pH 7.1 Pc02 28 Hc03 17.  The nurse interprets the findings as being?

    • Metabolic acidosis

    • Respiratory acidosis

    • Metabolic alkalosis

    • Respiratory alkalosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Metabolic acidosis
    Explanation
    The ABG results indicate a low pH (acidic) and a low bicarbonate level (HCO3-), which suggests metabolic acidosis. In this condition, there is an excess of acid or a deficit of bicarbonate in the body, leading to an imbalance in the acid-base levels. The normal range for pH is 7.35-7.45, and a pH of 7.1 indicates acidemia. The normal range for bicarbonate is 22-28 mEq/L, and a level of 17 mEq/L indicates a deficit. Therefore, based on these ABG results, the nurse interprets the findings as metabolic acidosis.

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  • 3. 

    What are the acute complications of DM?

    • Diabetic ketoacidosis

    • Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non ketotic

    • Hypoglycemic Reaction

    • Infections

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    All of the options listed are acute complications of DM. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious condition that occurs when the body produces high levels of ketones, leading to a build-up of acid in the blood. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non ketotic is a condition characterized by extremely high blood glucose levels and dehydration. Hypoglycemic reactions occur when blood sugar levels drop too low. Infections are also a common complication of diabetes, as high blood sugar levels can weaken the immune system. Therefore, all of the options listed are correct answers for the acute complications of DM.

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  • 4. 

    The priority of treatment in a patient with DKA is?

    • IV Fluids

    • IV Regular Insulin

    • IV KCI

    • Vital Signs

    Correct Answer
    A. IV Regular Insulin
    Explanation
    In a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), the priority of treatment is to administer IV regular insulin. DKA is a life-threatening condition characterized by high blood sugar levels, dehydration, and the buildup of ketones in the blood. Regular insulin helps to lower blood sugar levels and corrects the metabolic imbalance caused by DKA. Administering IV fluids is also important to rehydrate the patient, but insulin takes precedence as it directly addresses the underlying cause of DKA. IV KCI (potassium chloride) may be necessary to correct any electrolyte imbalances caused by DKA. Monitoring vital signs is essential but does not directly address the primary treatment priority of administering insulin.

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  • 5. 

    Patient comes in presenting with warm dry skin,  breath that smells like acetone, and complains of Polyuria polydipsia.  What would the nurse expect this patients pH level to be?

    • More than 7.5

    • 7.35

    • 7.4

    • Less than 7.2

    Correct Answer
    A. Less than 7.2
    Explanation
    The patient's symptoms of warm dry skin, breath that smells like acetone, and complaints of polyuria (excessive urination) and polydipsia (excessive thirst) are indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). In DKA, there is an accumulation of ketones in the blood due to the body breaking down fat for energy instead of glucose. This leads to an increase in acid levels in the blood, resulting in a decrease in pH. Therefore, the nurse would expect the patient's pH level to be less than 7.2.

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  • 6. 

    A patient with DKA would have a blood sugar between

    • 300-800

    • 45-120

    • 600-2000

    • 130-299

    Correct Answer
    A. 300-800
    Explanation
    A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) would have a blood sugar level between 300-800. DKA is a serious complication of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar levels, dehydration, and the production of ketones in the body. Blood sugar levels above 300 indicate uncontrolled diabetes, while levels below 800 are still within a range that can be managed with medical intervention. It is important to monitor and manage blood sugar levels in DKA to prevent further complications and restore normal glucose metabolism.

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  • 7. 

    In the patient with severe acidosis the treatment would most likely be?

    • Regular Insulin

    • Glucagon

    • Sodium Bicarb

    • KCI

    Correct Answer
    A. Sodium Bicarb
    Explanation
    In patients with severe acidosis, the most likely treatment would be Sodium Bicarb. Acidosis occurs when there is an excess of acid in the body, leading to a decrease in blood pH. Sodium Bicarb is a base that helps to neutralize the excess acid and restore the pH balance. It is commonly used in cases of severe acidosis to rapidly correct the acid-base imbalance and improve the patient's condition. Regular Insulin, Glucagon, and KCI are not typically used as the first-line treatment for acidosis.

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  • 8. 

    DKA occurs occasionally in type 2 newly diagnosed patients.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    DKA, or diabetic ketoacidosis, is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when the body produces high levels of ketones. It is commonly associated with type 1 diabetes, but it can also occur in some cases of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. This is because when type 2 diabetes is initially diagnosed, the body may still be producing some insulin, but not enough to regulate blood sugar levels effectively. This can lead to a buildup of ketones and the development of DKA. Therefore, it is true that DKA can occur occasionally in type 2 newly diagnosed patients.

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  • 9. 

    DKA is also known as Hypoglycemic Reaction

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The statement that DKA is also known as Hypoglycemic Reaction is false. DKA stands for Diabetic Ketoacidosis, which is a serious complication of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar levels, ketones in the urine, and acidosis. On the other hand, hypoglycemic reaction refers to low blood sugar levels. These are two distinct conditions with opposite effects on blood sugar levels.

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  • 10. 

    When does DKA happen?

    • Type 2 with previous history of DM

    • Type 1 DM patient diagnosed 5 years ago.

    • Type 1 DM just diagnosed

    • Patient with Diabetes Insipidus

    Correct Answer
    A. Type 1 DM just diagnosed
    Explanation
    DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis) is a serious complication that occurs when there is a lack of insulin in the body, leading to high blood sugar levels. It is more common in patients with Type 1 DM, as they have an absolute deficiency of insulin. When Type 1 DM is just diagnosed, the patient may not have started insulin therapy yet, making them more susceptible to developing DKA. This is because without insulin, the body cannot utilize glucose for energy, leading to the breakdown of fats and production of ketones, resulting in DKA.

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  • 11. 

    The nurse knows to monitor the patient with DKA for Hyperkalemia.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    the nurse would monitor for Hypokalemia

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 21, 2023 +

Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Aug 17, 2013
    Quiz Created by
    PrincessClarity
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