Infectious Disease For Cosmotology Based On Milady's Glossary

Parasites are plant or animal organisms that derive nutrition from another organism. They depend on their host organism for survival and obtain nutrients from them, often causing harm or damage in the process. This relationship is usually detrimental to the host organism, as parasites benefit at their expense. Pathogens, streptococci, and fungi can all be types of parasites, depending on their specific characteristics and interactions with their host organisms.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disease caused by the HIV virus. It weakens and destroys the body's immune system, making it difficult for the body to fight off infections and diseases. This leads to various opportunistic infections and illnesses that can be life-threatening.

Spirilla are spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria that can cause diseases such as syphilis and Lyme disease. This makes them the most suitable option among the given choices. Flagella are whip-like structures used for movement and are not specific to any particular shape of bacteria. Streptococci are spherical bacteria arranged in chains, while bacilli are rod-shaped bacteria. Therefore, neither of these options fit the description of spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria.

Streptococci are pus-forming bacteria that are arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They are known to cause various infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning.

Fungi are microscopic plant parasites that include molds, mildews, and yeasts. They are distinct from viruses and bacteria. Fungi can cause various diseases in plants, animals, and humans. They reproduce by producing spores and can spread through the air, water, or soil. Fungal infections can range from mild to severe, depending on the species and the host's immune response. Therefore, fungi are the correct answer in this context.

Pediculosis capitis is the correct answer because it refers to a skin disease caused by the infestation of head lice. Dandruff is a common scalp condition characterized by flaking and itching, but it is not caused by lice. Streptococci are bacteria that can cause various infections but are not related to head lice infestation. Scabies is a contagious skin condition caused by mites, not lice.

Virucidal refers to the ability to destroy viruses. The other options listed, such as fungicidal, quaternary ammonium compounds, and sodium hypochlorite, do not specifically indicate the ability to destroy viruses. Therefore, virucidal is the correct answer as it directly relates to the capability of destroying viruses.

Tuberculocidal refers to the ability to kill the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. This means that the disinfectant is specifically effective against the tuberculosis-causing bacteria, making it a suitable choice for eliminating the bacteria and preventing the spread of the disease. The other options, fungicidal, bactericidal, and quaternary ammonium compounds, do not specifically target tuberculosis bacteria and may not be as effective in treating tuberculosis.

Cilia are slender, hair-like extensions found in certain bacteria that allow for locomotion. These whip-like motions of cilia help move bacteria through liquid environments.

Cocci are round shaped bacteria that can appear alone or in groups. They can be found in various arrangements such as pairs (diplococci) or chains (streptococci). Bacilli, on the other hand, are rod-shaped bacteria, while flagella are the whip-like structures that bacteria use for movement. Therefore, the correct answer is cocci, which accurately describes the round shape of the bacteria mentioned in the question.

Staphylococci are pus-forming bacteria that grow in cluster-like bunches of grapes. They can cause abscesses, pustules, and boils. Streptococci are bacteria that grow in chains and can cause various infections, but they do not typically form clusters like grapes. Spirilla are spiral-shaped bacteria that can cause diseases such as syphilis and Lyme disease, but they do not typically form clusters or cause abscesses. Cocci is a general term for spherical-shaped bacteria, but it does not specify the cluster-like growth pattern or the ability to cause abscesses. Therefore, staphylococci is the correct answer.

Flagella are slender, hair-like extensions found in certain bacteria that enable locomotion. These whip-like structures move the bacteria through liquid environments.

Diplococci refers to spherical bacteria that grow in pairs. They are responsible for causing diseases like pneumonia. This answer accurately describes the characteristics and behavior of the bacteria mentioned in the question.

Viruses are microorganisms that have the ability to invade plants and animals, including bacteria. They are infectious agents that can cause diseases in both plants and animals. Unlike bacteria, viruses are not considered living organisms as they cannot reproduce or carry out metabolic activities on their own. Instead, they rely on host cells to replicate and cause infection. This makes viruses unique and different from other microorganisms like bacteria or cocci.

Bacilli are a type of bacteria that are short and rod-shaped. They can be found in various environments and can cause diseases such as tuberculosis and anthrax. Bacilli are characterized by their shape, which is different from other types of bacteria such as cocci (spherical) or spirilli (spiral-shaped). They can also have flagella, which are whip-like structures that help with movement. Overall, bacilli are a distinct type of bacteria with their own unique characteristics.

Efficacy refers to the effectiveness of a disinfecting solution in killing germs when used as instructed on the label. It measures how well the solution can eliminate or reduce the presence of harmful microorganisms. Therefore, efficacy is the most appropriate term to describe the effectiveness of a disinfectant solution in germ-killing.

Mildew is a type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the salon setting. It is commonly found in damp and humid environments, such as bathrooms and basements. Unlike mold, which can cause health issues in humans, mildew is generally not harmful to people. It can, however, cause damage to surfaces and fabrics if left untreated. Therefore, it is important to address mildew growth and take necessary measures to prevent its spread in order to maintain a clean and healthy environment.

Phenolics are powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants. They are effective against tuberculosis-causing bacteria and have strong antimicrobial properties. Phenolics work by denaturing proteins and disrupting the cell walls of microorganisms, leading to their destruction. They are commonly used in healthcare settings and laboratories for disinfection purposes. Sodium hypochlorite, another option listed, is a strong disinfectant but is more commonly used as a general-purpose cleaner and bleach. Fungicidal properties are not specifically mentioned in the given options, and quaternary ammonium compounds are more commonly used as disinfectants against bacteria and viruses rather than tuberculosis.

Bacilli are a type of bacteria that can cause various diseases such as tetanus, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria. They are rod-shaped bacteria that can be found in different environments and can infect humans and animals. Bacilli are known for their ability to form spores, which allows them to survive in harsh conditions and resist disinfectants. Therefore, the presence of bacilli in the given list suggests that they are responsible for producing the mentioned diseases.