1.
"Long coats" or "medicine man's coats" were worn only by men of high rank or of special stature in Seminole society.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Long coats or medicine man's coats were not worn only by men of high rank or special stature in Seminole society. The correct answer is False, indicating that this statement is not true.
2.
Approximately when did Seminole women invent patchwork?
Correct Answer
C. 1920
Explanation
Seminole women invented patchwork around the year 1920.
3.
Approximately when did sewing machines become available to Seminole women?
Correct Answer
B. 1880
Explanation
During the year 1880, sewing machines became available to Seminole women.
4.
Approximately when, according to your authors, did possession of the sewing machine begin to affect the appearance of Seminole clothing?
Correct Answer
D. 1900
Explanation
According to the authors, possession of the sewing machine began to affect the appearance of Seminole clothing around 1900.
5.
The invention and utilization of patchwork coincided with what event?
Correct Answer
D. Seminole employment in local tourist attractions
Explanation
The invention and utilization of patchwork coincided with seminole employment in local tourist attractions. This suggests that the Seminole people, who are known for their intricate patchwork designs, started working in local tourist attractions where they showcased and sold their patchwork creations. This event likely led to the popularization and spread of patchwork as a craft and art form.
6.
The Seminole tribe is composed of various culturally related tribes who migrated into Florida about 1750.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The Seminole tribe is indeed composed of various culturally related tribes who migrated into Florida around 1750. This migration resulted in the formation of the Seminole tribe, which is a combination of different tribes with similar cultural backgrounds. Therefore, the statement is true.
7.
Seminole women used to wear hundreds of strings of glass beads around their necks. Each string was given to hear in an annual ceremony and they were worn for ritual reasons.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Seminole women did not wear hundreds of strings of glass beads around their necks. The statement is false.
8.
Which system do the Seminole follow to trace their family heritage?
Correct Answer
A. Matrilineal
Explanation
The Seminole follow a matrilineal system to trace their family heritage. This means that descent and inheritance are traced through the mother's line. In this system, children belong to the mother's clan and inherit property and social status from their mother's side of the family. This is in contrast to a patrilineal system, where descent and inheritance are traced through the father's line.
9.
Which of the following is NOT a method used to reconstruct early clothing styles of the Seminole people?
Correct Answer
C. Interviews with seminole women
Explanation
The correct answer is interviews with Seminole women. This is because the question asks for a method that is not used to reconstruct early clothing styles of the Seminole people. While studying early paintings, examining surviving items, and looking at the outfits of other southeastern tribes can all provide valuable information, interviews with Seminole women may not necessarily provide accurate or reliable information about early clothing styles.
10.
Which of the following are NOT materials used in construction of the Seminole chickee?
Correct Answer
B. Pine Boughs
Explanation
Pine boughs are not materials used in the construction of the Seminole chickee. The Seminole chickee is a traditional Native American structure made primarily from cypress logs, palm thatch leaves, and paletto branches. Pine boughs are not mentioned as a material used in the construction process.
11.
According to Ken Masters, author of the webpage Cherokee Images: Baskets, Cherokee weavers use the double-weave technique for river cane baskets most commonly today.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
According to Ken Masters, Cherokee weavers commonly use the double-weave technique for river cane baskets today.
12.
According to Ken Masters, author of the webpage Cherokee Images: Baskets, all of the following materials are used by basket weavers EXCEPT:
Correct Answer
E. Sweetgrass
Explanation
The correct answer is sweetgrass. This is because the author, Ken Masters, states that all of the mentioned materials (river cane, honeysuckle, oak, and buckbrush) are used by basket weavers in Cherokee Images: Baskets. However, there is no mention of sweetgrass being used by basket weavers in the webpage.
13.
According to Ken Masters, author of the webpage Cherokee Images: Baskets, which of the following materials was most commonly used by Cherokee basket weavers before the Trail of Tears?
Correct Answer
C. River cane
Explanation
Before the Trail of Tears, the most commonly used material by Cherokee basket weavers was river cane. This information is based on the statement made by Ken Masters, the author of the webpage "Cherokee Images: Baskets."
14.
According to Ken Masters, author of the webpage Cherokee Images: Baskets, which of the following is the NEWEST material used by Cherokee weavers to make baskets?
Correct Answer
B. Honeysuckle
Explanation
According to Ken Masters, the author of the webpage "Cherokee Images: Baskets," the newest material used by Cherokee weavers to make baskets is honeysuckle.
15.
According to MariJo Moore, author of The Traditional Art of Basketmaking, in which period did basket weaving begin in the Southeast?
Correct Answer
B. Woodland
Explanation
According to MariJo Moore, basket weaving began in the Southeast during the woodland period.
16.
According to the author of the webpage, Traditional Choctaw Crafts, what percentage of Choctaw still speak their native language?
Correct Answer
D. Approximately 90%
Explanation
According to the author of the webpage, approximately 90% of Choctaw still speak their native language. This indicates that a large majority of the Choctaw community has retained their language, highlighting the significance and resilience of their cultural heritage.
17.
In what year were the Chrokee, Choctaw and Creek peoples "removed" to Oklahoma, according to Rion Wilhelm, author of the webpage, Five Civilized Tribes?
Correct Answer
A. 1838
Explanation
In 1838, the Chrokee, Choctaw, and Creek peoples were "removed" to Oklahoma. This information is provided by Rion Wilhelm, author of the webpage "Five Civilized Tribes."
18.
The webpage Traditional Choctaw Crafts discusses the crafts of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw, not Oklahoma's.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer, which is "True," is that the webpage specifically focuses on the crafts of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw, indicating that it does not discuss the crafts of Oklahoma's Choctaw. Therefore, the statement is true as it accurately reflects the content of the webpage.
19.
Which of the following is NOT considered one of the "Five Civilized Tribes" accordinig to Rion Wilhelm, author of the webpage, Five Civilized Tribes.
Correct Answer
D. Shawnee
Explanation
The correct answer is Shawnee. According to Rion Wilhelm, author of the webpage "Five Civilized Tribes," the Shawnee tribe is not considered one of the "Five Civilized Tribes."
20.
Which of the following is NOT a trait that lead Europeans to label certain tribes as "civilized," according to Rion Wilhelm, author of the webpage, Five Civilized Tribes?
Correct Answer
C. Converts to christianity
Explanation
According to Rion Wilhelm, author of the webpage "Five Civilized Tribes," the trait that did not lead Europeans to label certain tribes as "civilized" was their conversion to Christianity. The author mentions that the tribes were known for living in settled towns, being farmers, and holding elected offices, but does not mention their religious beliefs or conversion to Christianity as a factor in their classification as "civilized."
21.
According to Berlo and Phillips, Mississippian cultures built upon the legacy of Archaic and Woodland era peoples and were stimulated by renewed contacts with Mesoamerica.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
According to Berlo and Phillips, the Mississippian cultures developed and expanded upon the achievements and practices of the Archaic and Woodland era peoples. They were also influenced and inspired by renewed connections and interactions with Mesoamerican civilizations. Therefore, the statement that Mississippian cultures were stimulated by renewed contacts with Mesoamerica is true.
22.
According to Dr. Knight, author of the webpage on Moundville, AL, the people who built and lived at this site were divided into two classes: nobles and commoners.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
According to Dr. Knight, the people who built and lived at the Moundville site in Alabama were divided into two classes: nobles and commoners. This suggests that there was a social hierarchy within the community, with some individuals holding higher status and power compared to others.
23.
The "busk" or Green Corn Ceremony was a thanksgiving for the harvest and a rite of renewal.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The "busk" or Green Corn Ceremony is indeed a thanksgiving celebration for the harvest and a ritual of renewal. This ceremony is practiced by various Native American tribes, particularly those from the Southeastern United States. It typically involves fasting, purification rituals, feasting, and communal activities. The purpose of the ceremony is to express gratitude for the corn harvest, seek blessings for the upcoming year, and renew social and spiritual ties within the community. Therefore, the statement "The 'busk' or Green Corn Ceremony was a thanksgiving for the harvest and a rite of renewal" is true.
24.
The historic-period Creeks, Muscogulges, Chickasaws, and Choctaws are confederations of remnant Mississippian peoples.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is true because the historic-period Creeks, Muscogulges, Chickasaws, and Choctaws were indeed confederations of remnant Mississippian peoples. These Native American tribes were descendants of the Mississippian culture that thrived in the southeastern United States from around 800 to 1600 AD. They formed confederations for various reasons, including protection, trade, and cultural preservation.
25.
When did Hernando de Soto's expedition travel through the Southeast?
Correct Answer
A. 1539-1540
Explanation
Hernando de Soto's expedition traveled through the Southeast from 1539-1540.
26.
Which of the following is the "proto-Mississipian" culture, according to John Jameson and Seth Johnstone in their webpage about Mississippian and Late Prehistoric cultures?
Correct Answer
B. Weeden island
Explanation
According to John Jameson and Seth Johnstone in their webpage about Mississippian and Late Prehistoric cultures, the "proto-Mississippian" culture is the Weeden Island culture.
27.
Which of the following natural features define the geographic region known as the Eastern Woodlands? Check all that apply.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Mississippi river system
B. Atlantic ocean
C. Gulf of mexic
D. Great lakes and st. lawrence river
Explanation
The Eastern Woodlands is defined by several natural features, including the Mississippi River system, the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River. These geographical elements play a significant role in shaping the region's climate, ecosystems, and cultural practices of the indigenous peoples who have historically inhabited the area.
28.
Which of the following was NOT a major Mississippian center?
Correct Answer
D. Irene, GA
Explanation
Irene, GA was not a major Mississippian center because there is no historical evidence or archaeological findings that suggest it was a significant settlement during the Mississippian period. On the other hand, Cahokia, IL, Moundville, AL, and Fort Ancient, OH are well-documented and recognized as major Mississippian centers, known for their large populations, complex social structures, and monumental architecture.
29.
According to Dr. Baldia, what was the purpose for the clusters of mounds the Hopewell constructed within geometric enclosures?
Correct Answer
A. They may have been ritual centers for dispersed hamlets
Explanation
According to Dr. Baldia, the purpose for the clusters of mounds the Hopewell constructed within geometric enclosures may have been ritual centers for dispersed hamlets. This suggests that these mounds were not just random structures, but rather intentional gathering places for communities that were spread out across the area. It implies that these sites held cultural and religious significance, serving as focal points for communal activities and ceremonies.
30.
Dr. Baldia suggests that effigy mounds post-date the Hopewell culture.
Correct Answer
B. True
Explanation
Dr. Baldia suggests that effigy mounds post-date the Hopewell culture. This means that according to Dr. Baldia, the creation of effigy mounds occurred after the existence of the Hopewell culture. Therefore, the correct answer is True.
31.
The most famous effigy mound, the Great Serpent Mound, in Ohio was definitely constructed by the Hopewell culture, according to Dr. Baldia.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The statement is false because the Great Serpent Mound in Ohio was not constructed by the Hopewell culture. The mound was actually built by the Native American people of the Fort Ancient culture, who inhabited the region after the decline of the Hopewell culture. Dr. Baldia's statement is incorrect in attributing the construction of the mound to the Hopewell culture.
32.
The so-called "Great Hopewell Road" connected sites near Chillecothe to those in Newark, OH.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The Great Hopewell Road was a real ancient road that connected archaeological sites near Chillicothe to those in Newark, Ohio. This road was built by the Hopewell culture, which was a Native American civilization that thrived in the eastern part of North America from 200 BCE to 500 CE. The road was an impressive feat of engineering, spanning over 60 miles and featuring earthen embankments and causeways. The road allowed for trade and communication between different Hopewell sites, showcasing the advanced societal organization and infrastructure of the Hopewell culture. Therefore, the statement is true.
33.
What type of mound are the Adena best known for constructing, according to Dr. Baldia?
Correct Answer
D. Conical mounds
Explanation
According to Dr. Baldia, the Adena are best known for constructing conical mounds.
34.
Where is the type site for the Adena culture located?
Correct Answer
A. Ohio
Explanation
The type site for the Adena culture is located in Ohio. This means that the site in Ohio is considered the most representative or characteristic example of the Adena culture.
35.
Which of the following are Hopewell architects best known for building, according to Dr. Baldia?
Correct Answer
B. Geometric enclosures
Explanation
Dr. Baldia states that Hopewell architects are best known for building geometric enclosures. This suggests that the Hopewell people were skilled in constructing structures with geometric shapes, possibly for ceremonial or communal purposes. The other options, such as conical mounds, temples, and platform mounds, are not mentioned by Dr. Baldia as being the primary focus of Hopewell architects.
36.
Which of the following areas did NOT provide trade items found in the Hopewell Interaction Sphere, according to Dr. Baldia?
Correct Answer
C. Pacific Coast
Explanation
According to Dr. Baldia, the Pacific Coast did not provide trade items found in the Hopewell Interaction Sphere. This suggests that the trade items from the Mississippi River, Atlantic Coast, and Great Lakes regions were present in the Hopewell Interaction Sphere, but not those from the Pacific Coast.
37.
Which of the following is the largest known conical Adena mound still in existence?
Correct Answer
D. Graves Creek Mound, WV
Explanation
The Graves Creek Mound in West Virginia is the largest known conical Adena mound still in existence. This means that it is the biggest conical mound that was built by the Adena people and is still standing today. The other options, Fort Ancient in Ohio, Oneota in Minnesota, and Moundville in Alabama, may also have conical mounds, but they are not as large as the Graves Creek Mound.
38.
According to Chatters in his article, Kennewick Man, what piece of evidence convinced him that he was looking at a very early skeleton and not an individual from the nineteenth century?
Correct Answer
B. The stone point found embedded in the pelvis
Explanation
The stone point found embedded in the pelvis convinced Chatters that he was looking at a very early skeleton and not an individual from the nineteenth century. This is because the presence of a stone point suggests that the individual lived during a time when stone tools were used, which is characteristic of early civilizations. This piece of evidence helps to establish the age and historical context of the skeleton.
39.
According to Chatters, Kennewick Man has Caucasoid features and did not seem related to modern native peoples in the western Hemisphere.
Correct Answer
B. True
Explanation
The statement suggests that Kennewick Man, according to Chatters, has Caucasoid features and does not appear to be related to modern native peoples in the western Hemisphere. The correct answer, therefore, is true.
40.
According to Jacobs in The Paleoamericans, what is the "almost universally accepted" explanation for how people came to be in the Western Hemisphere?
Correct Answer
A. They migrated across the Beringia
Explanation
The "almost universally accepted" explanation for how people came to be in the Western Hemisphere, according to Jacobs in The Paleoamericans, is that they migrated across the Beringia.
41.
According to Jacobs in The Paleoamericans, where were the oldest known skeletons found in North America? Check all that apply.
Correct Answer(s)
B. Montana
D. California
Explanation
The oldest known skeletons in North America were found in Montana and California, according to Jacobs in "The Paleoamericans".
42.
According to Jacobs, only 37 skeletons have been found in North America that date earlier than 9,000 years ago, only 11 of which had intact skulls.
Correct Answer
B. True
Explanation
According to Jacobs, there have been a limited number of skeletons found in North America that date earlier than 9,000 years ago, with only 37 of them being discovered. Additionally, out of those 37 skeletons, only 11 had intact skulls. This information suggests that the statement is true, as it accurately reflects the findings presented by Jacobs.
43.
According to Jacobs, the Clovis-First model regarding what is the earliest culture formed in the Western Hemisphere has been soundly disproven.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The statement is false because according to Jacobs, the Clovis-First model regarding the earliest culture formed in the Western Hemisphere has not been soundly disproven.
44.
According to Jacobs, there have been at least three major migrations from Asia to the western hemisphere, ancestral to modern native peoples.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
According to Jacobs, there have been at least three major migrations from Asia to the western hemisphere, ancestral to modern native peoples. This suggests that there is evidence supporting the claim that modern native peoples in the western hemisphere have Asian ancestry. Therefore, the statement is true.
45.
According to Jacobs, which of the following are the two sites in the western hemisphere most widely accepted as dating before 11,200 years ago? Check all that apply.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Meadowcroft
B. Monte Verde
Explanation
According to Jacobs, Meadowcroft and Monte Verde are the two sites in the western hemisphere that are widely accepted as dating before 11,200 years ago.
46.
Which of the following is NOT a line of evidence for tracing the ancestry of native peoples in the Western hemisphere?
Correct Answer
C. Interviews with modern peoples
Explanation
Interviews with modern peoples are not a line of evidence for tracing the ancestry of native peoples in the Western hemisphere. While radiocarbon dates of diagnostic artifacts, linguistic data, mitochondrial DNA, dental morphology, and adaptation can provide valuable information about ancestry, interviews with modern peoples do not directly contribute to tracing ancestry as they only provide information about the present and recent history.
47.
According to your authors, the definition of authenticity in native art is part of a widespread tendency to romanticize the past of Native peoples at the expense of their present.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The given statement suggests that the authors believe that the definition of authenticity in native art contributes to a romanticized view of Native peoples' past, which in turn neglects their present reality. This implies that the authors agree with the idea that there is a tendency to idealize Native peoples' history while disregarding their current circumstances. Therefore, the answer is true.
48.
In the examples of art your authors give in the introduction, which of the following messages or characteristics are encompassed in Native American art? Check all answers that apply.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Sacred
B. Secular
C. Political
D. Domestic
E. Ceremonial
F. Commercial
Explanation
The examples of Native American art mentioned in the introduction encompass various messages and characteristics. Native American art can be considered sacred, as it often holds spiritual or religious significance. It can also be secular, representing everyday life and cultural traditions. Additionally, Native American art can have political undertones, expressing social and political issues within the community. It can also be domestic, depicting scenes from daily life or domestic activities. Native American art is often used in ceremonial contexts, reflecting cultural rituals and traditions. Lastly, Native American art can have commercial value, being bought and sold in the market.
49.
Native American artists work ONLY in the traditional media they used before European contact.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The statement is false because Native American artists do not only work in the traditional media they used before European contact. While many Native American artists continue to use traditional media such as pottery, basketry, and beadwork, there are also Native American artists who work in contemporary mediums such as painting, sculpture, photography, and digital art. Native American artists have embraced new techniques and materials while also preserving and continuing their traditional artistic practices.
50.
No sense of history existed among native peoples until they were contacted by Europeans, who brought with them writing.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The statement is false because it suggests that native peoples had no sense of history until they were contacted by Europeans. This is incorrect as native peoples had rich oral traditions and storytelling practices that preserved their history and cultural knowledge. They had their own ways of passing down historical events and traditions through generations, which did not rely on writing. Therefore, the statement is not accurate.