Nutrition - Chapter 7 - Vitamins
Notes-
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- Chapter 7 - Vitamins
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Vitamin A can also be known as-(select all that apply)
- A.
Retinol
- B.
Tocopherol
- C.
Provitamin A
- D.
Beta-carotene
- E.
Calciferol
Correct Answer(s)
A. Retinol
C. Provitamin A
D. Beta-caroteneExplanation
Vitamin A can be known as retinol, provitamin A, and beta-carotene. Retinol is the active form of vitamin A found in animal sources, while provitamin A refers to compounds that can be converted into vitamin A in the body, such as beta-carotene. Beta-carotene is a pigment found in plants that can be converted into vitamin A by the body. Tocopherol and calciferol are not forms of vitamin A, but rather forms of vitamin E and D, respectively.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The name “Vitamin” implies their important. Vita in latin means ____.
Correct Answer(s)
lifeExplanation
The name "Vitamin" implies their importance because "Vita" in Latin means life. This suggests that vitamins are essential for sustaining and promoting life.Rate this question:
- 3.
Megadoses- Can be ______, so vitamins should not be overused.
Correct Answer(s)
toxic
poisionousExplanation
Megadoses of vitamins can be toxic or poisonous, which is why they should not be overused.Rate this question:
- 4.
Vitamins were originally named by ______ until research showed that vitamins thought to be a single substance were actually groups of substances doing similar work in the body.
- A.
Number
- B.
Shape
- C.
Letter
- D.
Smell
- E.
Strength
Correct Answer
C. LetterExplanation
Vitamins were originally named by letter until research showed that vitamins thought to be a single substance were actually groups of substances doing similar work in the body. This means that vitamins were initially named using letters of the alphabet to distinguish them from one another. However, further research revealed that what was once believed to be a single vitamin was actually a group of substances with similar functions in the body. Therefore, the correct answer is letter.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Research showed that vitamins thought to be a single substance were actually groups of substances doing similar work in the body. An example of this is Vitamin _ also referred to as the _ complex.
Correct Answer
B
bExplanation
Research has revealed that vitamins, which were initially believed to be single substances, are actually groups of substances that perform similar functions in the body. One example of this is Vitamin B, which is also referred to as the B complex. The B complex includes several different vitamins, such as B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12, all of which play important roles in various bodily processes.Rate this question:
- 6.
Number of Vitamins-
Correct Answer
13Explanation
The answer is 13 because there are 13 different types of vitamins that are essential for the human body. These include vitamin A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12, C, D, E, and K. Each vitamin has its own specific function and plays a vital role in maintaining overall health and well-being.Rate this question:
- 7.
Vitamins are currently named according to their _________ or ________.(select those that apply)
- A.
Source
- B.
Strength
- C.
Function in the body
- D.
Chemical composition
- E.
Taste
Correct Answer(s)
C. Function in the body
D. Chemical compositionExplanation
Vitamins are named according to their function in the body and their chemical composition. The names of vitamins are typically based on the specific role they play in the body and their chemical structure. For example, vitamin C is named ascorbic acid, which reflects its chemical composition, and vitamin D is named for its role in promoting calcium absorption and bone health. By naming vitamins based on their function and chemical composition, it helps to categorize and differentiate them based on their specific properties and benefits.Rate this question:
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- 8.
1997- Food & Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine established ___________________.
- A.
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) to replace the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA’s).
- B.
Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA’s) to replace the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)
Correct Answer
A. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) to replace the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA’s).Explanation
In 1997, the Food & Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine established the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) to replace the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). This means that the DRIs were introduced as a new set of guidelines to provide more comprehensive and up-to-date recommendations for nutrient intake. The RDAs, which were previously used, were replaced by the DRIs to reflect the latest scientific research and to provide a more accurate and individualized approach to nutrition.Rate this question:
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- 9.
(ULs) Upper Limits are the ______ level of daily intake unlikely to cause adverse effects & is not a recommended level of intake.
Correct Answer
maximumExplanation
The term "maximum" refers to the upper limits of daily intake that are unlikely to cause any negative effects and are not recommended as a level of intake. In other words, it represents the highest amount of a substance that can be consumed without causing harm.Rate this question:
- 10.
Hypervitaminosis is-
- A.
Without vitamins
- B.
Excess of one or more vitamins
Correct Answer
B. Excess of one or more vitaminsExplanation
Hypervitaminosis refers to the condition of having an excessive amount of one or more vitamins in the body. This can occur when a person takes excessive amounts of vitamin supplements or consumes too many foods that are fortified with vitamins. It can lead to various symptoms and health problems depending on the specific vitamin involved.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Avitaminosis is-
- A.
Without vitamins
- B.
Excess of one or more vitamins
Correct Answer
A. Without vitaminsExplanation
Avitaminosis refers to a condition characterized by a deficiency of one or more vitamins in the body. It occurs when an individual does not consume an adequate amount of vitamins through their diet, leading to various health problems. This can result in symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, impaired immune function, and even specific vitamin deficiency diseases like scurvy or rickets. Therefore, avitaminosis means "without vitamins" and signifies the absence or insufficiency of essential nutrients required for proper bodily functions.Rate this question:
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- 12.
According to the FDA, the body cannot distinguish between a vitamin of plant or animal orgin and one manufactured in a laboratory.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The explanation for the given correct answer, which is True, is that according to the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), the body is unable to distinguish between a vitamin derived from plants or animals and one that is produced in a laboratory. This means that the body processes and utilizes these vitamins in the same way, regardless of their source.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Natural vs. Synthetic Vitamins-Once they have been dismantled by digestion, the two types of vitamins are chemically different.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false because once vitamins have been dismantled by digestion, whether they are natural or synthetic, they are chemically the same. The body does not differentiate between the two types of vitamins once they have been broken down. Therefore, there is no chemical difference between natural and synthetic vitamins after digestion.Rate this question:
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- 14.
When nutrients (vitamins/minerals) are lost during processing & are added back into the final product.
- A.
Enriched
- B.
Fortified
- C.
Restored foods
Correct Answer
A. EnrichedExplanation
Enriched foods refer to the products in which nutrients that were lost during processing are added back into the final product. This is done to enhance the nutritional value of the food. It is different from fortified foods, which involve the addition of nutrients that were not originally present in the food. Restored foods, on the other hand, is not a commonly used term in the context of food processing and does not accurately describe the process of adding back lost nutrients. Therefore, the correct answer is Enriched.Rate this question:
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- 15.
When a vitamin/mineral is added to a product that never had it to begin with.
- A.
Enriched
- B.
Fortified
- C.
Restored foods
Correct Answer
B. FortifiedExplanation
Fortified foods refer to products that have had a vitamin or mineral added to them, even though they did not originally contain it. This process is done to enhance the nutritional value of the food. The term "fortified" is used specifically for products that have been enriched with additional nutrients. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is "Fortified".Rate this question:
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- 16.
Vitamins taken in addition to those received in the diet. These are available in concentrated forms in a tablet, capsule, or liquid form.
Correct Answer
vitamin supplements
Supplements
Supplement
vitamin supplementExplanation
The given answer options all refer to the same concept - additional vitamins that are taken in addition to those received through the diet. These additional vitamins are available in concentrated forms such as tablets, capsules, or liquid form. Therefore, the correct answer is any of the options provided: vitamin supplements, Supplements, Supplement, or vitamin supplement.Rate this question:
- 17.
Which of these vitamins are Fat Soluble?(Select all that apply)
- A.
A
- B.
C
- C.
Thiamine B1
- D.
E
- E.
Biotin
Correct Answer(s)
A. A
D. EExplanation
Vitamins A and E are fat-soluble, meaning they can dissolve in fats and oils. This allows them to be stored in the body's fatty tissues and liver. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed along with dietary fats and are best absorbed when consumed with a meal that contains fat. Thiamine B1 and biotin, on the other hand, are water-soluble vitamins, which means they dissolve in water and are not stored in the body. They need to be consumed regularly as any excess is excreted in urine.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which of these vitamins are Fat Soluble?(Select all that apply)
- A.
C
- B.
B6
- C.
D
- D.
K
- E.
Folate
Correct Answer(s)
C. D
D. KExplanation
Vitamin D and vitamin K are fat-soluble vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed and stored in the body's fat tissues and liver. They require dietary fat for absorption and can be stored in the body for longer periods of time. Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium and phosphate, while vitamin K is important for blood clotting and bone health.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of these vitamins are Water-Soluble?(Select all that apply)
- A.
Thiamine B1
- B.
C
- C.
D
- D.
E
- E.
Niacin
Correct Answer(s)
A. Thiamine B1
B. C
E. NiacinExplanation
Thiamine B1, vitamin C, and niacin are water-soluble vitamins. Water-soluble vitamins are those that dissolve in water and are easily absorbed by the body. They are not stored in large amounts and any excess is usually excreted through urine. Thiamine B1, vitamin C, and niacin are all essential for various bodily functions and must be obtained through diet or supplements since the body cannot produce them in sufficient amounts. Vitamin D and vitamin E, on the other hand, are fat-soluble vitamins, meaning they dissolve in fat and are stored in the body's fatty tissues.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of these vitamins are Water-Soluble?(Select all that apply)
- A.
A
- B.
Riboflavin B2
- C.
K
- D.
Folate
- E.
Pantothenic Acid
Correct Answer(s)
B. Riboflavin B2
D. Folate
E. Pantothenic AcidExplanation
Riboflavin B2, Folate, and Pantothenic Acid are water-soluble vitamins. Water-soluble vitamins are those that dissolve in water and are easily absorbed by the body. They are not stored in large amounts in the body and any excess is usually excreted through urine. Riboflavin B2 is important for energy production, Folate is essential for cell growth and development, and Pantothenic Acid is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Colbalamin is also know as-
- A.
B2
- B.
B6
- C.
B12
- D.
B1
Correct Answer
C. B12Explanation
Cobalamin is another term for vitamin B12. It is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in the formation of red blood cells, DNA synthesis, and proper functioning of the nervous system. It is primarily found in animal-based foods such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy products. Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to anemia, fatigue, and neurological problems. Therefore, the correct answer is B12.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Thiamine is also know as-
- A.
B2
- B.
B6
- C.
B12
- D.
B1
Correct Answer
D. B1Explanation
Thiamine is also known as B1.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Riboflavin is also know as-
- A.
B2
- B.
B6
- C.
B12
- D.
B1
Correct Answer
A. B2Explanation
Riboflavin is commonly known as B2 because it is one of the eight B vitamins. B vitamins play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy metabolism and are involved in various cellular processes. Riboflavin is essential for the production of energy, the metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates, and the maintenance of healthy skin, eyes, and nervous system. Therefore, B2 is the correct answer to the question.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Pyridoxine is also know as-
- A.
B2
- B.
B6
- C.
B12
- D.
B1
Correct Answer
B. B6Explanation
Pyridoxine is commonly known as B6. It is one of the B vitamins and plays a crucial role in various bodily functions. B6 is involved in metabolism, nervous system function, and the production of red blood cells. It is also important for brain development and function. Therefore, B6 is the correct answer for the given question.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Vitamins that have no plant sources-(Select all that apply)
- A.
A
- B.
C
- C.
B12
- D.
D
- E.
K
Correct Answer(s)
C. B12
D. DExplanation
Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D are the vitamins that have no plant sources. Vitamin B12 is mainly found in animal products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy. It is essential for the production of red blood cells and the proper functioning of the nervous system. Vitamin D is synthesized by the body when the skin is exposed to sunlight, but it is also found in fatty fish, eggs, and fortified foods. It is important for bone health and immune function.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Vitamin that has no animal sources-
- A.
A
- B.
E
- C.
D
- D.
B6
- E.
B1
Correct Answer
B. EExplanation
Vitamin E is the correct answer because it is the only option that does not have any animal sources. Vitamin A can be found in animal products such as liver and dairy, vitamin D can be obtained from fish oil and egg yolks, vitamin B6 can be found in meat and poultry, and vitamin B1 is present in pork and organ meats. Therefore, only vitamin E does not have any animal sources.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Vitamin ___ is sometimes classified as a hormone.
- A.
A
- B.
B6
- C.
C
- D.
D
- E.
K
Correct Answer
D. DExplanation
Vitamin D is sometimes classified as a hormone because it acts as a hormone in the body. It plays a crucial role in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels, which are essential for bone health. Additionally, it has been found to have an impact on various bodily functions, including immune system function, cell growth, and inflammation. Unlike other vitamins that are primarily obtained through diet, vitamin D can also be synthesized by the body through exposure to sunlight.Rate this question:
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- 28.
A vitamin that has a different chemical form but serves the same purpose in the body.
Correct Answer
vitamers
vitamer
Vitamers
VitamerExplanation
Vitamers refer to different chemical forms of a vitamin that serve the same purpose in the body. These variations may include different molecular structures or slight modifications, but they still provide the same essential functions and benefits to the body. The term "vitamer" can be used in both singular and plural forms, capitalized or not capitalized.Rate this question:
- 29.
Foods in which vitamins have been replaced.
- A.
Enriched
- B.
Fortified
- C.
Restored foods
Correct Answer
C. Restored foodsExplanation
The term "restored foods" refers to foods that have had their vitamins replenished or added back after being processed or refined. This process is typically done to restore the nutrients lost during processing. Therefore, restored foods are those that have been modified to include the essential vitamins that were originally present in the natural form of the food.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Some vitamins are destroyed by-(Select all that apply)
- A.
Heat
- B.
Wind
- C.
Light
- D.
Air
- E.
Water
Correct Answer(s)
A. Heat
C. Light
D. Air
E. WaterExplanation
Vitamins are organic compounds that are sensitive to various environmental factors. Heat can cause the denaturation and degradation of vitamins, leading to their destruction. Similarly, exposure to light can also degrade certain vitamins, especially those that are photosensitive. Air can also contribute to the oxidation and degradation of vitamins, particularly those that are susceptible to oxidation. Water can leach out water-soluble vitamins, leading to their loss. Wind, on the other hand, does not have a significant impact on the destruction of vitamins.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Vitamins that have Green leafy vegetables as a source-(select all that apply)
- A.
A
- B.
E
- C.
K
- D.
B2
- E.
Folate
Correct Answer(s)
A. A
B. E
C. K
D. B2
E. FolateExplanation
Green leafy vegetables are a rich source of vitamins. Vitamin A is found in high amounts in vegetables like spinach and kale. Vitamin E is also present in green leafy vegetables like broccoli and Swiss chard. Vitamin K is abundant in vegetables such as kale, collard greens, and Brussels sprouts. Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, can be obtained from leafy greens like spinach and lettuce. Folate, a B-vitamin, is found in good quantities in vegetables like spinach, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts. Therefore, all of the given options (A, E, K, B2, Folate) are correct answers as they are all vitamins that can be sourced from green leafy vegetables.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Something that comes before something else. Something from which the body can synthesize the specific vitamin.
Correct Answer(s)
precursor
provitaminExplanation
A precursor is something that comes before something else, in this case, it refers to something that comes before the body can synthesize a specific vitamin. A provitamin, on the other hand, is a compound that can be converted into a vitamin by the body. Both terms describe substances that are necessary for the body to produce or obtain certain vitamins.Rate this question:
- 33.
A substance that causes another substance to react.
Correct Answer(s)
CatalystExplanation
A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy. It does not get consumed in the reaction and remains unchanged at the end. Therefore, it can be considered as a substance that causes another substance to react by lowering the energy barrier required for the reaction to occur.Rate this question:
- 34.
Healthy people who eat a variety of food using the _______ guidelines should be able to obtain all the vitamins needed to maintain good health.
Correct Answer(s)
MyPyramid
mypyramidExplanation
The MyPyramid guidelines provide a framework for healthy eating, emphasizing the importance of consuming a variety of foods from different food groups. By following these guidelines, individuals can ensure that they are obtaining all the necessary vitamins and nutrients for maintaining good health.Rate this question:
- 35.
Herbal products are also included under the heading of dietary supplements.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Herbal products, which are derived from plants and their extracts, are commonly used as dietary supplements. They are often marketed and consumed for their potential health benefits. Since dietary supplements encompass a wide range of products that are intended to supplement the diet, it is accurate to include herbal products under this category. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Some people take supplements because they believe-(select all that apply)
- A.
Vitamins will make them smarter
- B.
Food no longer contains the right nutrients in adequate quantities
- C.
Supplements can bulk up muscles and enhace athletic performance
- D.
Vitamins provide needed energy
- E.
Vitamins & minerals can cure anything
Correct Answer(s)
B. Food no longer contains the right nutrients in adequate quantities
C. Supplements can bulk up muscles and enhace athletic performance
D. Vitamins provide needed energy
E. Vitamins & minerals can cure anythingExplanation
People may take supplements because they believe that food no longer contains the right nutrients in adequate quantities. They may also believe that supplements can bulk up muscles and enhance athletic performance. Additionally, they may think that vitamins provide needed energy and that vitamins and minerals can cure anything.Rate this question:
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- 37.
A blanced diet would provide for the nutritional needs of healthy people
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A balanced diet includes a variety of foods from different food groups, providing all the necessary nutrients, vitamins, and minerals required for the body to function properly. It ensures that individuals receive adequate amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, promoting overall health and well-being. Therefore, a balanced diet would indeed meet the nutritional needs of healthy individuals.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Vitamins do not provide energy themselves; they help to release energy from carbs, proteins, & fats that are ingested
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Vitamins are essential nutrients that the body needs in small amounts to function properly. While they do not directly provide energy, they play a crucial role in the process of releasing energy from the macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) that we consume. Vitamins act as coenzymes, which means they assist enzymes in the breakdown of these macronutrients, allowing the body to extract energy from them. Therefore, it is true that vitamins do not provide energy themselves but help in the energy release process.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Only certain diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies can be cured with the help of vitamin supplements
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Certain diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies can be cured with the help of vitamin supplements. This is because when the body lacks certain essential vitamins, it can lead to specific health conditions. By providing the body with the necessary vitamins through supplements, the deficiencies can be addressed, and the related diseases can be cured. However, it is important to note that not all diseases can be cured with vitamin supplements, as some conditions may require other forms of treatment.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Plant pigment; some of which yield Vitamin A
- A.
Vitamers
- B.
Catalyst
- C.
Cartenoids
- D.
Precursor
Correct Answer
C. CartenoidsExplanation
Carotenoids are plant pigments that are responsible for the bright colors in fruits and vegetables. They are also known to have antioxidant properties and play a crucial role in human health. Some carotenoids, such as beta-carotene, can be converted into Vitamin A in the body. Vitamin A is essential for maintaining healthy vision, immune function, and cell growth. Therefore, carotenoids are important for providing the precursor molecules needed for the synthesis of Vitamin A.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Almost everyone can take a daily multivitamin and mineral supplement without fear of toxicity.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Daily multivitamin and mineral supplements are generally safe for most people to take without the risk of toxicity. These supplements are designed to provide essential vitamins and minerals that may be lacking in a person's diet. However, it is important to follow the recommended dosage and not exceed the daily intake limits. Individuals with specific health conditions or those taking certain medications should consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen.Rate this question:
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- 42.
A megadose is _____ times the RDA/RDI.
- A.
5
- B.
10
- C.
15
- D.
20
- E.
25
Correct Answer
B. 10Explanation
A megadose is 10 times the Recommended Daily Allowance/Recommended Daily Intake (RDA/RDI). This means that it is a significantly higher amount of a particular nutrient than what is considered necessary for daily consumption. Megadoses are often used in certain medical treatments or as supplementation for specific health conditions, but they should be taken under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as excessive amounts of certain nutrients can have adverse effects on the body.Rate this question:
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- 43.
An excess of one vitamin or mineral can negatively affect the absorption or utilization of other vitamins & minerals.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Excess intake of one vitamin or mineral can interfere with the absorption or utilization of other vitamins and minerals. This is because certain vitamins and minerals compete for the same transporters or binding sites in the body. For example, excessive intake of zinc can interfere with the absorption of copper, while excessive intake of calcium can inhibit the absorption of iron. Therefore, it is important to maintain a balanced intake of vitamins and minerals to ensure proper absorption and utilization by the body.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Some people are interested in herbs because(select all that apply)
- A.
They require no prescription
- B.
They believe certain ones can improve their health
- C.
They can provide energy
- D.
Are often less expensive than prescription drugs
- E.
They can bulk up muscle
Correct Answer(s)
A. They require no prescription
B. They believe certain ones can improve their health
D. Are often less expensive than prescription drugsExplanation
Herbs are popular among some people because they do not require a prescription, meaning they can be easily obtained without consulting a healthcare professional. Additionally, certain herbs are believed to have health-improving properties, which attracts individuals who are interested in alternative medicine. Another reason for the interest in herbs is that they are often less expensive than prescription drugs, making them a more affordable option for some individuals. However, the claim that herbs can bulk up muscles is not supported by scientific evidence and is therefore not a valid reason for the interest in herbs.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 – exempts dietary supplements from FDA evaluation unless the FDA has evidence that a product is ______.
Correct Answer(s)
harmfulExplanation
The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 states that dietary supplements are not required to undergo FDA evaluation, unless there is evidence that the product is harmful. This means that the FDA does not have the authority to regulate or evaluate the safety and efficacy of dietary supplements, unless there are reports or evidence suggesting that the product poses a risk to consumers' health.Rate this question:
- 46.
Vitamin A forms-(select all that apply)
- A.
Preformed - Provitamin A/beta-carotene
- B.
Preformed - Retinol
- C.
Carotenoides - Provitamin A/beta-carotene
- D.
Carotenoides - Retinol
Correct Answer(s)
B. Preformed - Retinol
C. Carotenoides - Provitamin A/beta-caroteneExplanation
The correct answer is Preformed - Retinol and Carotenoides - Provitamin A/beta-carotene. Preformed vitamin A refers to the active form of vitamin A that is ready for the body to use, such as retinol. Carotenoids are plant pigments that can be converted into vitamin A in the body, specifically provitamin A/beta-carotene. Therefore, both preformed retinol and carotenoids can contribute to the body's vitamin A levels.Rate this question:
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- 47.
A substance preventing damage from oxygen.
Correct Answer(s)
AntioxidantExplanation
An antioxidant is a substance that prevents damage caused by oxygen. Oxygen can create free radicals in the body, which are highly reactive molecules that can cause cell damage and contribute to various health issues. Antioxidants neutralize these free radicals, protecting cells and reducing the risk of oxidative stress. This helps to maintain overall health and prevent diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and aging-related conditions. Antioxidants are commonly found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds.Rate this question:
- 48.
Atoms or group of atoms with an odd (unpaired) number of electrons and can be found when oxygen interacts with certain molecules.
Correct Answer(s)
Free radicals
Free radicalExplanation
Free radicals are atoms or groups of atoms that have an odd number of electrons, making them highly reactive. They can be formed when oxygen interacts with certain molecules. Free radicals are unstable and seek to stabilize themselves by stealing electrons from other molecules, causing damage to cells and tissues. Therefore, the given answer "Free radicals, Free radical" is correct as it accurately describes the atoms or groups of atoms with an unpaired electron and their formation through interaction with oxygen.Rate this question:
- 49.
Research has shown that a regular consumption of foods rich in carotenoids decreases the risks of some cancers due to its antioxidant effect.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Regular consumption of foods rich in carotenoids has been shown through research to decrease the risks of some cancers. This is because carotenoids have antioxidant properties, which help to neutralize harmful free radicals in the body that can cause damage to cells and potentially lead to cancer development. Therefore, the statement that a regular consumption of foods rich in carotenoids decreases the risks of some cancers is true.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Blindeness/xerophthalmia can occur due to having a deficiency in-
Correct Answer
Vitamin AExplanation
Blindness or xerophthalmia can occur due to a deficiency in Vitamin A. Vitamin A is essential for maintaining healthy vision as it plays a crucial role in the functioning of the retina. A deficiency in Vitamin A can lead to a condition called night blindness, where individuals have difficulty seeing in low light conditions. If the deficiency persists, it can progress to xerophthalmia, a condition characterized by dryness, inflammation, and damage to the cornea, which can eventually lead to blindness. Therefore, ensuring an adequate intake of Vitamin A is crucial for maintaining good eye health.Rate this question:
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