1.
Which of the following is NOT a physical property?
Correct Answer
C. Bases
Explanation
Bases are not a physical property because they are a type of chemical compound, specifically substances that can accept protons or donate pairs of electrons. Physical properties, on the other hand, are characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's chemical composition, such as sight, color, and length.
2.
Which of the following is the shortest measurement?
Correct Answer
A. Millimeter
Explanation
The millimeter is the shortest measurement among the options given. It is a unit of length in the metric system and is equal to one thousandth of a meter. A centimeter is equal to 10 millimeters, a meter is equal to 1000 millimeters, and a kilometer is equal to 1,000,000 millimeters. Therefore, the millimeter is the shortest measurement in this context.
3.
_________ is a temporary magnet that can be turned on and off.
Correct Answer
D. Electromagnet
Explanation
An electromagnet is a temporary magnet that can be turned on and off. It is created by passing an electric current through a coil of wire, which generates a magnetic field. When the current is turned off, the magnetic field disappears, making it possible to control the magnetism. This property of being able to switch the magnetism on and off makes electromagnets useful in various applications, such as in electric motors, speakers, and magnetic cranes.
4.
What kind of energy do we get from the sun?
Correct Answer
D. Solar
Explanation
The correct answer is "solar" because the energy we get from the sun is called solar energy. The sun emits electromagnetic radiation, including light and heat, which is harnessed and converted into various forms of energy such as electricity and heat. Solar energy is renewable and clean, making it an important source of power for various applications, including solar panels for generating electricity and solar thermal systems for heating water and buildings.
5.
Electricl energy can be changed into heat energy.
Correct Answer
B. True
Explanation
Electric energy can be converted into heat energy through the process of electrical resistance. When an electric current passes through a conductor, such as a wire, some of the electrical energy is transformed into heat energy due to the resistance encountered by the electrons. This phenomenon is utilized in various electrical appliances, such as heaters and electric stoves, where the electrical energy is intentionally converted into heat energy for specific purposes. Therefore, the given statement is true.
6.
Light travels the fastest through a ________.
Correct Answer
A. Vacuum
Explanation
Light travels the fastest through a vacuum because it does not encounter any particles or obstacles that can slow it down. In a solid, liquid, or gas, light interacts with the atoms or molecules present, causing it to scatter and slow down. However, in a vacuum, there are no atoms or molecules to interact with, allowing light to travel at its maximum speed.
7.
Which of the following is NOT a conductor?
Correct Answer
B. Wood
Explanation
Wood is not a conductor because it is an insulator. Unlike materials such as steel, copper, and iron, wood does not allow the flow of electrical current easily. This is due to its molecular structure, which does not have free electrons that can move and carry charge. Therefore, wood is unable to conduct electricity effectively, making it the correct answer as the non-conductor in this question.
8.
__________ is affected by the pull of gravity.
Correct Answer
B. Weight
Explanation
Weight is affected by the pull of gravity because weight is the force exerted on an object due to gravity. The force of gravity pulls objects towards the center of the Earth, and the weight of an object is the measure of that gravitational force. The greater the mass of an object, the greater its weight will be. Therefore, weight is directly influenced by the pull of gravity.
9.
___________ is the field around a magnet. You can not see it, but you can see its effects.
Correct Answer
D. Magnetic field
Explanation
A magnetic field is the region around a magnet where its influence or effects can be observed. Although it is invisible to the naked eye, its presence can be detected through the attraction or repulsion it exerts on other magnetic objects. This field is responsible for the magnetic force that acts on nearby objects and is a fundamental concept in magnetism.
10.
Which of the following is an example of a concave lens?
Correct Answer
C. Telescope
Explanation
A telescope is an example of a concave lens because it uses a concave lens to diverge the incoming light rays. This allows the telescope to magnify distant objects by making them appear larger and closer. The concave lens in a telescope causes the light rays to spread out, resulting in a wider field of view. This is different from glasses, hand lens, and microscope, which typically use convex lenses to converge light and magnify objects.
11.
What happens when electrons move from one object to another object and stick onto the second object?
Correct Answer
A. Static electricity
Explanation
When electrons move from one object to another and stick onto the second object, it creates static electricity. Static electricity is the imbalance of electric charges on the surface of objects, resulting in the buildup of an electric charge. This buildup of charge occurs when there is a transfer of electrons between objects, causing one object to become positively charged and the other to become negatively charged. The sticking of electrons onto the second object creates a static charge that can cause objects to attract or repel each other.
12.
Which of the following describes a solid?
Correct Answer
C. Packed tightly together in straight rows
Explanation
A solid is a state of matter where the particles are packed tightly together in straight rows. In a solid, the particles are closely bonded and have a fixed shape and volume. The arrangement of particles in a solid is highly organized and they vibrate in place. This is in contrast to liquids, where the particles flow and slide past each other, and gases, where the particles are packed loosely together and move freely. The option "used in fluorescent lights" is irrelevant to describing a solid.
13.
What would it take for matter to move from one state to another?
Correct Answer
A. Energy
Explanation
Matter can change from one state to another through the input or removal of energy. This energy can cause the particles in the matter to move faster or slower, resulting in a change of state. For example, adding heat energy to a solid can cause it to melt and become a liquid, while removing heat energy from a liquid can cause it to freeze and become a solid. Therefore, energy is required for matter to transition between different states.
14.
Which of the following is an insulator?
Correct Answer
B. Plastic
Explanation
Plastic is an insulator because it does not conduct electricity. Unlike metals such as iron and steel, which are good conductors, plastic has high resistance to the flow of electric current. This is due to the nature of its molecular structure, which does not allow the easy movement of electrons. Therefore, plastic is commonly used as an insulating material in various electrical applications to prevent the flow of electricity and protect against electrical shocks or short circuits.
15.
Sound is produced by ________________.
Correct Answer
D. Vibrations
Explanation
Sound is produced by vibrations. When an object vibrates, it creates disturbances in the surrounding air molecules. These disturbances then travel through the air as sound waves, which can be detected by our ears. Therefore, vibrations are the primary source of sound production.
16.
Which measurement would you use to find the length of our classroom?
Correct Answer
B. Meter
Explanation
To find the length of our classroom, we would use the measurement of meter. Meter is commonly used to measure larger distances such as the length of a room or a building. It is a suitable unit for measuring the length of our classroom as it provides a reasonable scale for this purpose. Kilometer is too large of a unit, while centimeter and millimeter are too small for measuring the length of a classroom. Therefore, meter is the appropriate measurement to use in this case.
17.
How many volts are in the average wall outlet plug?
Correct Answer
D. 120 volts
Explanation
The average wall outlet plug typically has a voltage of 120 volts. This is the standard voltage used in most residential and commercial buildings in the United States. It is important to note that the voltage may vary in different countries or regions.
18.
Refraction means to ____________.
Correct Answer
A. Bend light as it moves from one material to another
Explanation
Refraction refers to the phenomenon of light bending as it passes from one medium to another. This bending occurs due to the change in speed of light when it transitions from one material to another. The change in speed causes the light waves to change direction, resulting in the bending effect. This is commonly observed when light passes through a prism or when a straw appears bent in a glass of water.
19.
Sunlight is _______ light.
Correct Answer
B. White
Explanation
Sunlight is composed of all the colors of the visible spectrum, which combine to form white light. This is evident when sunlight passes through a prism and separates into a rainbow of colors. Therefore, the correct answer is white.
20.
Sound moves the fastest through a _______.
Correct Answer
B. Solid
Explanation
Sound moves the fastest through a solid because the particles in a solid are closely packed together, allowing sound waves to travel more efficiently. In liquids and gases, the particles are more spread out, resulting in a slower transmission of sound. The cup is not a medium through which sound can travel, so it is not the correct answer.
21.
Which of the following would NOT be attracted to a magnet?
Correct Answer
B. Rubber band
Explanation
Rubber bands are not attracted to magnets because they are made of non-magnetic materials such as rubber or latex. Unlike metals, which contain magnetic properties, rubber bands do not have magnetic domains that can align with an external magnetic field. Therefore, they do not experience any magnetic attraction and are not affected by magnets.
22.
Which of the following is a chemical change?
Correct Answer
C. Shooting off fireworks
Explanation
Shooting off fireworks is a chemical change because it involves a rapid and explosive reaction between different chemicals. The fireworks contain a mixture of various chemicals, such as gunpowder, metal salts, and oxidizers. When the firework is ignited, these chemicals undergo a chemical reaction that produces heat, light, and sound. This reaction is irreversible, as the original substances are transformed into new substances with different properties. Therefore, shooting off fireworks is an example of a chemical change.
23.
When light is absorbed by an object, we say it____________.
Correct Answer
B. Is soaked up the object
Explanation
When light is absorbed by an object, it is soaked up by the object.
24.
Which would be the cooler shirt to wear on a hot day?
Correct Answer
D. White
Explanation
White would be the cooler shirt to wear on a hot day because lighter colors reflect more sunlight and heat, while darker colors absorb and retain more heat. Therefore, wearing a white shirt would help to reflect the sun's rays and keep the body cooler compared to shirts in maroon, black, or red.
25.
The convex lens is __________________.
Correct Answer
A. Thicker in the middle and makes things look bigger
Explanation
A convex lens is thicker in the middle and makes things look bigger because it converges light rays that pass through it. This convergence causes the light rays to bend inward, focusing them to a point called the focal point. As a result, objects viewed through a convex lens appear larger and magnified. The thicker middle part of the lens causes the light rays to bend more, leading to a greater magnification effect.
26.
Which of the following is a mixture?
Correct Answer
B. Lucky charms
Explanation
Lucky Charms is a mixture because it is composed of different components, such as cereal pieces and marshmallows, combined together.
27.
Which of the following is not included in physical science?
Correct Answer
D. Zoology
Explanation
Physical science is a branch of science that deals with the study of non-living systems and natural phenomena. It includes subjects such as physics, chemistry, and astronomy. Zoology, on the other hand, is the branch of biology that focuses on the study of animals. Since physical science specifically focuses on non-living systems, zoology is not included in it.
28.
What science deals most with energy and forces?
Correct Answer
B. pHysics
Explanation
Physics is the correct answer because it is the branch of science that deals most with energy and forces. Physics studies the fundamental properties of matter and energy, as well as the interactions between them. It explores various phenomena, such as motion, gravity, electricity, magnetism, and thermodynamics, which are all related to energy and forces. Biology, botany, and agriculture, on the other hand, focus more on living organisms and their interactions with the environment, rather than the fundamental principles of energy and forces.
29.
Which of the following describes a gas?
Correct Answer
D. Spreads out to fill the entire space
Explanation
A gas is a state of matter that does not have a fixed shape or volume. It takes the shape of the container it is in, meaning it will expand or contract to fill the available space. This is because gas particles are in constant motion and have enough energy to overcome the forces of attraction between them. As a result, they are able to spread out and occupy the entire space available to them.
30.
Using superconductors to build computers is an example of
Correct Answer
A. Technology.
Explanation
Using superconductors to build computers is an example of technology because it involves the practical application of scientific knowledge to create a functional and useful product. Superconductors, which are materials that can conduct electricity with zero resistance at very low temperatures, have been extensively studied in the field of pure science. However, their application in computer technology requires the development of specialized manufacturing processes and engineering techniques, making it a technological advancement.
31.
Which state of matter moves the fastest?
Correct Answer
D. Gas
Explanation
Gas moves the fastest among the given states of matter. This is because gas particles have more kinetic energy and are not bound together like the particles in solids or liquids. Gas particles are in constant random motion and have a higher average speed compared to the particles in other states of matter.
32.
A balance is a scientific tool used to measure
Correct Answer
D. Mass.
Explanation
A balance is a scientific tool that is used to measure mass. It works by comparing the unknown mass of an object with the known mass of another object. By achieving equilibrium, the balance can determine the mass of the unknown object accurately. Temperature is typically measured using a thermometer, time is measured using clocks or timers, and volume is measured using tools like graduated cylinders or beakers. Therefore, the correct answer is mass.
33.
When energy is added to a solid, you get a ______.
Correct Answer
C. Liquid
Explanation
When energy is added to a solid, the particles within the solid gain kinetic energy and start vibrating more vigorously. This increased vibration breaks the intermolecular forces holding the particles together, causing the solid to melt and transform into a liquid state. Therefore, the correct answer is "liquid".
34.
Which of the following units is an SI base unit?
Correct Answer
D. Liter
Explanation
The liter is not an SI base unit. The SI base units are meter, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, mole, and candela. The liter is a derived unit of volume in the metric system, equal to 1 cubic decimeter.
35.
When energy is taken out of a gas, you get a ______.
Correct Answer
B. Liquid
Explanation
When energy is taken out of a gas, the particles in the gas lose kinetic energy and slow down. As a result, they come closer together and the attractive forces between them become stronger. This causes the gas to condense and transform into a liquid state. Therefore, the correct answer is "liquid".
36.
The composition of the mixture of gases that makes up our air is best represented on what kind of graph?
Correct Answer
D. Pie chart
Explanation
A pie chart is the best representation for the composition of the mixture of gases in our air because it allows us to visually compare the proportions of different gases. Each gas can be represented as a slice of the pie, with the size of the slice indicating its proportion in the mixture. This type of graph is ideal for showing the relative amounts of different components in a whole. A line graph would not be suitable as it is used to show the relationship between variables over time or another continuous variable. A variable graph is not a commonly used term in graphing, and a bar graph would not effectively represent the proportions of gases in the air.
37.
In a controlled experiment,
Correct Answer
D. One variable is changed while all others remain fixed.
Explanation
In a controlled experiment, one variable is changed while all others remain fixed. This allows researchers to isolate the effect of the variable they are interested in studying. By keeping all other variables constant, any changes observed in the outcome can be attributed to the manipulated variable. This helps to establish a cause-and-effect relationship and ensures that the results obtained are reliable and valid.
38.
Matter is
Correct Answer
C. Anything that takes up space and has mass.
Explanation
The correct answer is "anything that takes up space and has mass." This answer is the most comprehensive and inclusive definition of matter. It encompasses all forms of matter, including solids, liquids, and gases, as well as substances that may not be visible to the naked eye. By stating that matter is anything that takes up space and has mass, it accounts for the fundamental characteristics of matter, regardless of its physical state or visibility.
39.
What i the chemical formula for iron (III) oxide?
Correct Answer
D. Fe2O3
Explanation
Iron (III) oxide is a compound that consists of two iron (Fe) atoms and three oxygen (O) atoms. The Roman numeral III in the name indicates that iron has a +3 charge, meaning it has lost three electrons. The chemical formula Fe2O3 represents this composition, with two iron atoms each carrying a +3 charge and three oxygen atoms each carrying a -2 charge. This balanced formula represents the correct chemical formula for iron (III) oxide.
40.
Which of the following is a mixture?
Correct Answer
A. Air
Explanation
Air is a mixture because it is composed of various gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. These gases are not chemically combined, but rather exist together in the same space. This means that air can be separated into its individual components through processes like filtration or distillation. Therefore, air is considered a mixture rather than a pure substance.
41.
Compounds and elements are
Correct Answer
C. Pure substances.
Explanation
Compounds and elements are classified as pure substances because they are composed of only one type of atom or molecule. Unlike mixtures, pure substances have uniform composition and properties throughout, and cannot be separated into other substances by physical means. While compounds and elements can exist in different states (solid, liquid, or gas), their fundamental chemical composition remains the same, making them pure substances.
42.
Which of the following is a physical change?
Correct Answer
A. Melting ice cubes
Explanation
Melting ice cubes is a physical change because it is a change in state from solid to liquid without any chemical reaction. The molecules in the ice cubes are still the same, only rearranged to form a liquid instead of a solid.
43.
Which of the following is a pure substance?
Correct Answer
C. Table salt
Explanation
Table salt is a pure substance because it is composed of only one type of atom, sodium chloride. It does not contain any impurities or other substances. In contrast, grape juice, salt water, and gasoline are all mixtures that contain multiple substances. Grape juice is a mixture of water, sugar, and various other compounds found in grapes. Salt water is a mixture of water and dissolved salts. Gasoline is a mixture of various hydrocarbons. Therefore, table salt is the only option that qualifies as a pure substance.
44.
If you add oil to water and shake the two liquids together, you will form a
Correct Answer
A. Heterogeneous mixture.
Explanation
When oil is added to water and shaken together, it does not dissolve completely and forms separate layers. This indicates that the two substances do not mix evenly, resulting in a heterogeneous mixture. In a heterogeneous mixture, the components remain visibly distinct and can be easily separated.
45.
Which of the following assumptions is NOT part of the part of the kinetic theory?
Correct Answer
B. Particles are smaller at lower temperature.
Explanation
According to the kinetic theory, all matter is made up of tiny, invisible particles. The theory also states that particles are always moving and that they move faster at higher temperatures. However, it does not make any assumption about the size of particles changing with temperature. Therefore, the assumption that particles are smaller at lower temperatures is not part of the kinetic theory.
46.
Three common states of matter are
Correct Answer
C. Solid, liquid, and gas.
Explanation
The correct answer is solid, liquid, and gas. This is because these three states of matter are commonly observed and studied in science. Solids have a definite shape and volume, while liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container, and gases have neither a definite shape nor volume. Water is an example of a substance that can exist in all three states, as ice (solid), water (liquid), and steam (gas). Air, on the other hand, is a mixture of gases and not considered a distinct state of matter.
47.
During which change of state do atoms or molecules become more ordered?
Correct Answer
B. Condensation
Explanation
During condensation, atoms or molecules transition from a gaseous state to a liquid state. This change of state leads to the formation of liquid droplets or clouds. In this process, the particles come closer together and form stronger intermolecular forces, resulting in a more ordered arrangement compared to the random motion of particles in a gas. Therefore, condensation is the change of state in which atoms or molecules become more ordered.
48.
Which of the following describes what happens as the temperature of a gas in a balloon increases?
Correct Answer
A. The volume of the gas increases and the speed of the particles in increases.
Explanation
As the temperature of a gas in a balloon increases, the volume of the gas increases. This is because the increase in temperature causes the gas particles to move faster and collide with the walls of the balloon more frequently, thus expanding the volume of the gas. Additionally, the speed of the particles in the gas also increases as the temperature rises. This is due to the increase in kinetic energy of the particles, resulting in faster movement. Therefore, both the volume of the gas and the speed of the particles increase as the temperature of the gas in a balloon increases.
49.
Fluid pressure is always directed
Correct Answer
D. In all direction.
Explanation
Fluid pressure is exerted equally in all directions. This is due to the fact that fluid molecules are constantly in motion and collide with each other and the walls of the container. These collisions create a force that is distributed evenly in all directions, causing the fluid pressure to be exerted in all directions. Therefore, fluid pressure is not only directed up, down, or sideways, but in all directions.
50.
Materials that can flow to fit their containers include
Correct Answer
C. Both gases and liquids.
Explanation
Materials that can flow to fit their containers refer to substances that have the ability to take the shape of their container. Gases and liquids are the only two states of matter that possess this property. Gases have no fixed shape or volume and can completely fill any container they are placed in, while liquids have a fixed volume but can take the shape of their container. Therefore, both gases and liquids can flow and fit their containers.