Chapter 4b Electrical Energy
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What particle(s) are in the nucleus of an atom?
- A.
Protons and electrons
- B.
Protons and neutrons
- C.
Electrons
- D.
Protons
Correct Answer
B. Protons and neutronsExplanation
The nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons. Protons have a positive charge, while neutrons have no charge. Electrons, on the other hand, are found outside the nucleus in the electron cloud. Therefore, the correct answer is protons and neutrons.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What particle(s) are found moving around outside of the nucleus of an atom?
- A.
Protons and neutrons
- B.
Protons
- C.
Electrons
- D.
Neutrons
Correct Answer
C. ElectronsExplanation
Electrons are the particles found moving around outside of the nucleus of an atom. Protons and neutrons are located within the nucleus, while electrons occupy the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus. Electrons have a negative charge and are much smaller in mass compared to protons and neutrons. They play a crucial role in chemical reactions and the formation of chemical bonds.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is the overall charge of an atom with 4 protons and 5 electrons?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
No charge
- D.
Option 4
Correct Answer
B. NegativeExplanation
An atom with 4 protons and 5 electrons will have a net charge of -1. Protons have a positive charge, while electrons have a negative charge. Since there are more electrons than protons in this atom, the overall charge is negative.Rate this question:
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- 4.
When electrons "rub off" one atom and leap to another, this process is called
- A.
Electric current
- B.
Static electricity
Correct Answer
B. Static electricityExplanation
When electrons "rub off" one atom and leap to another, this process is called static electricity. This phenomenon occurs when two objects with different electrical charges come into contact, causing the transfer of electrons from one object to another. The movement of these electrons generates an electric charge imbalance, resulting in the accumulation of static electricity. Unlike electric current, which is the continuous flow of electrons in a conductor, static electricity refers to the temporary build-up of electric charge on the surface of an object.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Materials with like (the same) charges_______________each other.
Correct Answer
repelExplanation
When materials have like charges, it means that they have the same type of charge, either positive or negative. According to the principle of electrostatics, like charges repel each other. This means that they push away from each other, creating a force of repulsion. This is because like charges have a mutual tendency to distribute themselves as far apart as possible, resulting in the repulsive force between them.Rate this question:
- 6.
Materials with opposite charges _____________________ each other.
Correct Answer
attractExplanation
Materials with opposite charges attract each other because they have an imbalance of positive and negative charges. The positive charges are attracted to the negative charges, creating an electrostatic force of attraction between the two materials. This attraction is responsible for various phenomena, such as the attraction between a positively charged balloon and a negatively charged wall, or the attraction between the positive and negative poles of a magnet.Rate this question:
- 7.
Positive charges in a cloud move suddenly to the ground in a process called lightning.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false because it is the negative charges in a cloud that move suddenly to the ground in a process called lightning, not the positive charges. Positive charges tend to stay in the cloud while negative charges are attracted to the positively charged ground, resulting in a discharge of electricity known as lightning.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A steady flow of electrical charges usually in a wire is called _______________________________.
Correct Answer
electric currentExplanation
A steady flow of electrical charges in a wire is commonly referred to as electric current. This flow occurs when there is a potential difference (voltage) applied across the wire, causing the charges to move from one point to another. The movement of these charges, usually electrons, is what constitutes an electric current.Rate this question:
- 9.
The path electricity takes from the source of electricity to the device you want to power and back to the source is called a
- A.
Circuit
- B.
Current
Correct Answer
A. CircuitExplanation
The path that electricity takes from the source to the device and back is called a circuit. A circuit allows the flow of electric current, which is the movement of electric charges. It consists of a closed loop made up of conductive materials, such as wires, and components like switches and resistors. In a circuit, the electric current flows from the positive terminal of the source, through the wires and components, and returns to the negative terminal of the source, completing the loop. This continuous flow of electricity is what powers the device.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which are examples of static electricity?
- A.
a balloon "sticking" to your hair
- B.
A sock stuck to a sweater in the laundry
- C.
Light bulb
- D.
Lightning
Correct Answer(s)
A. a balloon "sticking" to your hair
B. A sock stuck to a sweater in the laundry
D. LightningExplanation
Static electricity is the buildup of electric charge on the surface of an object. The examples given in the answer all demonstrate the phenomenon of static electricity. When a balloon is rubbed against hair, it becomes negatively charged and is attracted to the positively charged hair, causing it to stick. Similarly, when a sock is stuck to a sweater in the laundry, it is due to the static charge on the fabric. Lightning is also an example of static electricity, as it is the discharge of built-up electrical energy in the atmosphere. The light bulb, however, is not an example of static electricity as it operates through the flow of electric current.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Materials that allow electricity to move through them easily are called
Correct Answer(s)
conductorsExplanation
Materials that allow electricity to move through them easily are called conductors. Conductors have a high number of free electrons that are able to move freely within the material, facilitating the flow of electric current. This property makes conductors suitable for applications where the transmission of electricity is required, such as in electrical wires and circuits.Rate this question:
- 12.
Electricity can not move easily through
Correct Answer(s)
insulatorsExplanation
Insulators are materials that do not allow electricity to move easily through them. Unlike conductors, which have free electrons that can carry electric charge, insulators have tightly bound electrons that do not move easily. This lack of free electrons prevents the flow of electricity through insulators, making them poor conductors of electricity.Rate this question:
- 13.
Check all the materials that are conductors
- A.
Copper
- B.
Plastic
- C.
Iron
- D.
Paper
Correct Answer(s)
A. Copper
C. IronExplanation
Copper and iron are conductors because they have high electrical conductivity. This means that they allow electric current to flow through them easily. On the other hand, plastic and paper are insulators, which means they have low conductivity and do not allow electric current to pass through them easily.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Check all the materials that are insulators
- A.
Aluminum
- B.
Plastic
- C.
Rubber
- D.
Glass
Correct Answer(s)
B. Plastic
C. Rubber
D. GlassExplanation
Plastic, rubber, and glass are all insulators. Insulators are materials that do not conduct electricity or heat easily. They have high resistance to the flow of electrical current and are used to prevent the transfer of heat or electricity. Aluminum, on the other hand, is a conductor and allows the flow of electricity and heat. Therefore, it is not an insulator.Rate this question:
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- 15.
A circuit in your home begins and ends at the
Correct Answer(s)
circuit boxExplanation
The circuit in your home starts and ends at the circuit box because the circuit box is the central point where electricity is distributed throughout the house. It is where the main power supply enters the house and is then distributed to different circuits through circuit breakers or fuses. The circuit box also acts as a safety mechanism by controlling the flow of electricity and protecting against overloads or short circuits. Therefore, the circuit box is essential for the functioning and safety of the electrical system in your home.Rate this question:
- 16.
A ____________ is used to open and close a circuit.
Correct Answer(s)
switchExplanation
A switch is a device that can be used to complete or interrupt an electric circuit. It allows the flow of electric current when it is closed, and stops the flow when it is open. By manually operating the switch, one can control the flow of electricity and turn devices or lights on and off. Therefore, a switch is commonly used to open and close a circuit.Rate this question:
- 17.
When a circuit is ___________________ no electricity can flow in the circuit.
Correct Answer(s)
openExplanation
When a circuit is open, it means that there is a gap or break in the circuit, preventing the flow of electricity. This can occur when a switch is turned off or when there is a disconnected wire. In an open circuit, the electrical current cannot complete its path and therefore no electricity can flow.Rate this question:
- 18.
When a circuit is _______________________ electricity can move through the circuit.
Correct Answer(s)
closedExplanation
When a circuit is closed, it means that there is a complete path for the flow of electricity. This allows the electricity to move through the circuit and power any devices connected to it. In a closed circuit, the electrical current can flow continuously from the power source to the load and back again, enabling the circuit to function properly.Rate this question:
- 19.
This type of switch is used to adjust the temperature in a room.
Correct Answer(s)
thermostatExplanation
A thermostat is a device used to regulate and control the temperature in a room. It is commonly used in heating and cooling systems to maintain a desired temperature by automatically turning the system on or off. The thermostat senses the current temperature and compares it to the set temperature, then adjusts the heating or cooling accordingly. This allows for comfortable and efficient temperature control in a room or building.Rate this question:
- 20.
This type of switch changes the amount of electricity that can power a device in a circuit.
Correct Answer(s)
dimmerExplanation
A dimmer switch is a type of switch that allows the user to control the amount of electricity flowing through a circuit. By adjusting the dimmer switch, the user can increase or decrease the power supplied to a device, thereby changing the brightness or intensity of the light or the speed of a motor, for example. This type of switch is commonly used in homes and offices to create different lighting moods or to save energy by reducing the power consumption of lighting fixtures.Rate this question:
- 21.
In older homes a ______________________ acts like a circuit breaker to shut off power if too much electricity flows in a circuit.
Correct Answer(s)
fuseExplanation
A fuse is a device that acts as a circuit breaker in older homes. It is designed to shut off power if too much electricity flows in a circuit. When the current exceeds a certain limit, the fuse melts, breaking the circuit and preventing any further flow of electricity. This helps to protect the electrical system from damage and reduce the risk of electrical fires.Rate this question:
- 22.
Which of these switches help you to use electricity safely?
- A.
Circuit breaker
- B.
Dimmer
- C.
Volume on a radio
- D.
GFCI outlet
Correct Answer(s)
A. Circuit breaker
D. GFCI outletExplanation
Circuit breakers and GFCI outlets help to use electricity safely. A circuit breaker is designed to protect electrical circuits from overloads and short circuits by automatically shutting off the flow of electricity. This prevents damage to the electrical system and reduces the risk of electrical fires. GFCI outlets, on the other hand, are specifically designed to protect against electric shock. They monitor the flow of electricity and quickly shut off power if they detect any imbalance, such as when a person comes into contact with water or a faulty appliance. Both of these switches play a crucial role in ensuring electrical safety.Rate this question:
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- 23.
To measure how strongly electrons are pushed in a wire we use what unit?
Correct Answer(s)
voltExplanation
The unit volt is used to measure the strength of the electric potential difference or voltage in a wire. It represents the amount of electrical force or pressure that pushes electrons through the wire. By measuring the voltage, we can determine the intensity of the electric field and the strength of the electric current flowing in the wire.Rate this question:
- 24.
The unit that measures how fast electricity is used is a
Correct Answer(s)
wattExplanation
A watt is a unit of power that measures the rate at which electricity is used. It represents the amount of energy consumed per unit of time. In other words, it quantifies the rate at which electrical energy is transferred or converted into other forms of energy. Therefore, a watt is the appropriate unit to measure how fast electricity is being used.Rate this question:
- 25.
A kilowatt is
- A.
100 watts
- B.
1000 watts
- C.
10 watts
Correct Answer
B. 1000 wattsExplanation
A kilowatt is a unit of power that is equal to 1000 watts. This means that one kilowatt is 10 times larger than 100 watts and 100 times larger than 10 watts. Therefore, the correct answer is 1000 watts.Rate this question:
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- 26.
When the electric company reads your meter, they record the number of_______________________ used at yoru house in one month.
Correct Answer
kilowatt-hoursExplanation
The electric company reads your meter to determine the amount of electricity used at your house in one month. This is measured in kilowatt-hours, which is a unit of energy consumption. Kilowatt-hours represent the total amount of energy used over a period of time and are commonly used to calculate electricity bills.Rate this question:
- 27.
Electricity and magnetism are related.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Electricity and magnetism are related because they are two interrelated aspects of the electromagnetic force. This force is responsible for the interaction between charged particles, such as electrons, and magnetic fields. Moving electric charges create magnetic fields, and changing magnetic fields can induce electric currents. This relationship is described by Maxwell's equations, which unify electricity and magnetism into a single theory known as electromagnetism. Therefore, it is true that electricity and magnetism are closely connected.Rate this question:
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- 28.
When electricity runs through a wire, the wire becomes
Correct Answer
magneticExplanation
When electricity runs through a wire, it creates a magnetic field around the wire. This is known as electromagnetism. The flow of electric current generates a magnetic force that causes the wire to become magnetic. This property is utilized in various applications such as electromagnets, transformers, and electric motors.Rate this question:
- 29.
Which of the following are parts of a generator?
- A.
Drive shaft
- B.
Motor
- C.
Strong magnet
- D.
Coil of wire
Correct Answer(s)
A. Drive shaft
C. Strong magnet
D. Coil of wireExplanation
A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The drive shaft is an essential part of the generator as it provides the mechanical energy needed to rotate the generator. The strong magnet is another crucial component as it creates a magnetic field. Lastly, the coil of wire, also known as the armature, is responsible for generating the electrical current by cutting through the magnetic field. The motor, on the other hand, is not a part of the generator but rather a separate device used to provide the initial mechanical energy to start the generator.Rate this question:
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- 30.
A generator changes mechanical energy into
Correct Answer(s)
electricityExplanation
A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy, such as the rotation of a turbine or engine, into electrical energy. It does this through the principle of electromagnetic induction, where a coil of wire is rotated within a magnetic field, creating an electric current. This current is then used to power electrical devices or stored in batteries for later use. Therefore, the correct answer is electricity.Rate this question:
- 31.
Which of the following can be used to turn the drive shaft of a generator?
- A.
Oil or coal
- B.
Uranium
- C.
Water
- D.
Solar energy
Correct Answer(s)
A. Oil or coal
B. Uranium
C. WaterExplanation
The drive shaft of a generator can be turned by various sources of energy. Oil or coal can be used as fuel to power the generator and rotate the drive shaft. Uranium can be used in a nuclear power plant to generate heat, which is then used to produce steam and turn the drive shaft. Water can be used in hydroelectric power plants to turn turbines and generate electricity. Solar energy can be converted into electricity using solar panels, but it does not directly turn the drive shaft of a generator.Rate this question:
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- 32.
When a magnet spins in a coil of wire, _____________________ move in the wire.
Correct Answer(s)
electronsExplanation
When a magnet spins in a coil of wire, electrons move in the wire. This is because the magnetic field produced by the magnet induces a current in the wire through electromagnetic induction. The movement of the magnet creates a changing magnetic field, which in turn creates a changing magnetic flux through the coil. This changing flux induces an electric current in the wire, causing the electrons to move.Rate this question:
- 33.
Check all the devices that produce electricity without a generator.
- A.
Batteries
- B.
Nuclear power plant
- C.
Solar panels
Correct Answer(s)
A. Batteries
C. Solar panelsExplanation
Batteries and solar panels are both devices that can produce electricity without the use of a generator. Batteries store electrical energy and can be used to power various devices, while solar panels convert sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. On the other hand, a nuclear power plant does not directly produce electricity without the use of a generator. It generates heat through nuclear reactions, which then powers a turbine connected to a generator to produce electricity.Rate this question:
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- 34.
A steady flow of electricity is called_______________________
- A.
Static electricity
- B.
Electric current
- C.
A battery
- D.
Power
Correct Answer
B. Electric currentExplanation
Electric current refers to the steady flow of electric charge in a conductor. It is the movement of electrons or ions along a path, such as a wire, due to the presence of a voltage or potential difference. This flow of electric charge is what powers electrical devices and allows for the transfer of energy. Therefore, electric current is the correct term to describe a steady flow of electricity.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Check all the items that can be used to create steam to turn a turbine
- A.
Waves
- B.
Coal
- C.
Oil
- D.
Wind
Correct Answer(s)
B. Coal
C. OilExplanation
Coal and oil can be used to create steam to turn a turbine. Both coal and oil are fossil fuels that can be burned to produce heat. This heat is then used to boil water and create steam. The steam is directed towards a turbine, which is connected to a generator, and as the steam passes through the turbine, it causes the turbine blades to rotate. This rotation generates mechanical energy, which is then converted into electrical energy by the generator.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Opposite poles on a magnet _________________________ each other.
Correct Answer(s)
attractExplanation
Opposite poles on a magnet attract each other because of the magnetic force between them. This force is caused by the alignment of the magnetic fields of the poles. The north pole of one magnet attracts the south pole of another magnet, and vice versa. This attraction is what causes the magnets to stick together when their opposite poles are brought close to each other.Rate this question:
- 37.
Like charges attract each other.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement "Like charges attract each other" is false. According to the law of electrostatics, like charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract. This means that two positively charged objects will repel each other, and two negatively charged objects will also repel each other.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Check all the ways magnetism and electricity are related.
- A.
Opposite charges and opposite poles attract..
- B.
Like charges and like poles repel each other.
- C.
Both electricity and magnetism work at a distance.
- D.
Electricity can make magnetism and magnetism can make electricity..
Correct Answer(s)
A. Opposite charges and opposite poles attract..
B. Like charges and like poles repel each other.
C. Both electricity and magnetism work at a distance.
D. Electricity can make magnetism and magnetism can make electricity..Explanation
The answer is correct because it includes all the ways magnetism and electricity are related. Opposite charges and opposite poles attract, demonstrating the relationship between electricity and magnetism. Similarly, like charges and like poles repel each other, further illustrating the connection between the two. Both electricity and magnetism work at a distance, showing that they can have an effect on each other even when not in direct contact. Additionally, electricity can create magnetism, and magnetism can generate electricity, highlighting the interplay between the two forces.Rate this question:
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