1.
Which of the following is not a hypothesis.
Correct Answer
A. The temperature increased as the amount of magnesium was increased.
Explanation
The given statement "The temperature increased as the amount of magnesium was increased" is not a hypothesis because it does not propose a cause-and-effect relationship or a testable explanation. It simply states an observation without providing any potential explanation or prediction. A hypothesis, on the other hand, is a proposed explanation or prediction that can be tested through experimentation or observation.
2.
When you carry out a risk assessment, you need to spot the ...............
Correct Answer
C. Hazards
Explanation
When carrying out a risk assessment, the main focus is to identify and evaluate potential hazards. Hazards refer to any potential source of harm or danger that could cause injury, illness, or damage to property or the environment. By spotting hazards, individuals can take appropriate measures to control and mitigate the risks associated with them, ensuring the safety and well-being of people and the surrounding environment.
3.
When working with acid, a hazard you need to be aware of is .......................
Correct Answer
B. Spilling acid on your skin.
Explanation
When working with acid, one of the hazards that individuals need to be cautious about is spilling acid on their skin. Acid can cause severe burns and damage to the skin upon contact, leading to pain, irritation, and potential long-term consequences. Therefore, it is crucial to handle acids with care, wear appropriate protective clothing and equipment, and take necessary precautions to prevent any accidents or injuries.
4.
In a risk assessment, you only need to identify the risks. You suggest ways to minimise the risks in the evaluation.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
In a risk assessment, it is not enough to only identify the risks. It is also necessary to suggest ways to minimize or mitigate those risks in the evaluation. This ensures that appropriate actions can be taken to reduce the likelihood or impact of potential risks. Therefore, the statement that you only need to identify the risks in a risk assessment is false.
5.
The steps in a method can be in any order.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The given statement is false. The steps in a method must be executed in a specific order. The order of the steps is determined by the programmer and is important for the correct functioning of the method. If the steps are not executed in the correct order, it can lead to errors or unexpected behavior in the program.
6.
To make an investigation valid, you need to only change one variable.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
In order to ensure the validity of an investigation, it is necessary to change only one variable at a time. This is because if multiple variables are altered simultaneously, it becomes difficult to determine which variable is responsible for the observed results. By changing only one variable, scientists can establish a cause-and-effect relationship and draw accurate conclusions from their investigations.
7.
To make an investigation reliable, you only need to carry out the test once, collecting one set of results.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
To make an investigation reliable, it is not sufficient to carry out the test only once and collect one set of results. Reliability in investigations is achieved through repetition and replication of tests to ensure consistent and accurate results. Conducting the test multiple times helps to minimize errors, account for variations, and establish the validity of the findings. Therefore, carrying out the test only once and collecting one set of results would not be considered reliable.
8.
The independent variable is the thing that you change.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that the independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed by the researcher in an experiment. It is the variable that is hypothesized to cause a change in the dependent variable. Therefore, the statement "The independent variable is the thing that you change" is true.
9.
The dependent variable is the thing you are going to measure.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is true because the dependent variable is the variable that is being measured or observed in an experiment. It is the outcome or result that is influenced by the independent variable. In other words, it is the variable that depends on the independent variable for its values or changes. By measuring the dependent variable, researchers can determine the effect or impact of the independent variable on the outcome being studied.
10.
The control variables can be different every time you use them.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Control variables are constants in an experiment that are kept the same throughout all trials. They are not meant to change and should remain constant in order to isolate the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. Therefore, control variables should not be different every time they are used. Hence, the statement "The control variables can be different every time you use them" is false.
11.
An anomaly is a result that fits in with all the other results.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
An anomaly is a result that does not fit in with all the other results.
12.
When working out your averages, you . . . . . . . . . .
Correct Answer
B. No not include the anomalies.
Explanation
When working out averages, it is generally recommended to exclude anomalies or outliers. Anomalies are data points that significantly deviate from the rest of the data, and including them in the calculation can skew the average and provide an inaccurate representation of the overall data set. Therefore, it is advised to not include anomalies when calculating averages.
13.
To work out the average (mean) you .......................
Correct Answer
A. Add up all the results and then divide by the number of results.
Explanation
To calculate the average (mean), you need to add up all the results and then divide the sum by the number of results. This is because the average represents the central value or typical value of a set of data, and it is found by distributing the total sum evenly across all the results. Dividing the sum by the number of results ensures that each result contributes equally to the average.
14.
Can you spot the anomaly?
Correct Answer
A. 11
15.
Round the following number to 2 significant numbers.
2.601817374
Correct Answer
D. 2.6
Explanation
The number 2.601817374 has 4 significant figures. When rounding to 2 significant figures, we look at the digit in the third place (0). Since it is less than 5, we do not need to round up. The digit in the second place (6) remains the same. Therefore, rounding the number to 2 significant figures gives us 2.6.
16.
You have collected the following set of results.
12 15 13 12
You now need to work out the average (you can use the calculator on your computer to help).
Which is the correct answer.
Correct Answer
B. 13
Explanation
The correct answer is 13 because to find the average, you add up all the numbers in the set and then divide by the total number of values. In this case, the sum of the numbers is 52 (12 + 15 + 13 + 12 = 52) and there are 4 values in the set. Dividing 52 by 4 gives us an average of 13.
17.
Round the following number to 3 significant numbers.
Remember, you may have to round up or down!
6.716193456
Correct Answer
C. 6.72
Explanation
The number 6.716193456 is rounded to 3 significant figures by looking at the digit in the fourth decimal place. Since the digit is 1, which is less than 5, the digit in the third decimal place (9) remains the same. Therefore, the number is rounded up to 6.72.