Sci 8: Ch. 3 Quiz On Oceans And Climate

The statement is true because climate refers to the long-term average weather patterns in a specific region over a period of at least 30 years. It takes into account factors such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, and wind patterns. By using this average, scientists can categorize different areas based on their climate types, such as tropical, temperate, or polar.

When warm moist air moves across the cold ocean, the temperature difference causes the air to cool rapidly. As the air cools, it reaches its dew point, which is the temperature at which the air becomes saturated and cannot hold any more moisture. This causes the water vapor in the air to condense into tiny water droplets, forming fog. Therefore, when warm moist air moves across the cold ocean, fog is produced.

The ocean is said to retain heat for a long time, meaning it has a high heat capacity. This is due to the large volume of water in the ocean, which can absorb and store a significant amount of heat energy. The high heat capacity of the ocean plays a crucial role in regulating Earth's climate by absorbing and releasing heat slowly over time, helping to moderate temperatures and maintain a more stable climate system.

Weather can be described in terms of temperature, wind, air pressure, and precipitation (rain, snow, fog) because these factors are the key elements that define weather conditions. Temperature indicates the level of heat or coldness in the atmosphere, wind refers to the movement of air, air pressure measures the force exerted by the atmosphere, and precipitation includes various forms of water that fall from the atmosphere, such as rain, snow, or fog. Considering all these factors provides a comprehensive description of the weather conditions at a particular time and location.

The correct answer suggests that changing climate in Bonavista prevents the weather from being consistently hot or consistently cold. This implies that the climate in Bonavista experiences variations in temperature, which helps to maintain a moderate and balanced weather pattern.

The diagram displays convection, which is the process of heat transfer through the movement of fluid. In this case, the fluid is air. The top black box represents an area where air cools, which causes it to become denser and sink. This is shown by the statement "Air Cools." The right black box represents an area where cool, denser air falls, indicating that it is sinking due to its increased density. This is shown by the statement "Cool denser air falls." The left black box represents an area where warm air rises, which is a characteristic of convection. This is shown by the statement "Warm air rises." Therefore, the correct answer is "Top Black Box (Air Cools), Right Black Box (Cool denser air falls), and Left Black Box (Warm air rises)."

The correct answer is PH (1), Phosphate Levels (21), Dissolved Oxygen Levels (3). This answer is correct because it indicates the highest levels of pollution for each parameter. A lower PH value indicates acidic water, which can be harmful to aquatic life. A higher phosphate level indicates excessive nutrient pollution, which can lead to algal blooms and oxygen depletion. A lower dissolved oxygen level indicates poor water quality and can also harm aquatic organisms. Therefore, this combination of high values for PH, phosphate levels, and low dissolved oxygen levels suggests the most polluted water.

Aquaculture refers to the practice of growing and harvesting marine species. It involves the cultivation of fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants in controlled environments such as ponds, tanks, or cages. This method is used to meet the increasing demand for seafood and reduce pressure on wild fish populations. Aquaculture also plays a crucial role in providing food security, creating employment opportunities, and promoting sustainable practices in the fishing industry.

Upwelling refers to the vertical movement of water in the ocean, which brings nutrient-rich water from the deeper layers towards the surface. This process is crucial for the transfer of nutrients to the surface, supporting the growth of phytoplankton and other marine organisms. Upwelling plays a significant role in marine ecosystems by enhancing productivity and supporting the food chain.

El Niño is a climate pattern characterized by the warming of the ocean surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. This warming leads to a decrease in trade winds, which are the prevailing winds that blow from east to west across the tropical oceans. As the trade winds decrease, ocean temperatures in the affected regions tend to warm up. This warming disrupts the normal pattern of upwelling, reducing the nutrient supply to the surface waters and resulting in a decrease in marine productivity. Therefore, the correct answers are: Trade Winds decrease, Ocean Temperatures are warming, and Marine Productivity Decreases.

El Niño is a climate pattern that occurs when the waters of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean become warmer than usual. This leads to a decrease in the strength of the trade winds, which are the prevailing winds that blow from east to west across the tropical oceans. However, the question asks about the effects of La Niña, which is the opposite of El Niño. During La Niña, the trade winds actually increase in strength. Additionally, La Niña is characterized by cooler ocean temperatures, as opposed to warming temperatures during El Niño. Finally, La Niña leads to an increase in marine productivity, as the cooler waters bring nutrient-rich upwelling to the surface.