STEM Mitosis And Mitosis Quiz 2014
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Good luck! You have 22 questions to do in 60 minutes. Due Sunday at midnight.
- 1.
List the 5 parts to the cell cycle in order.
- 2.
List the 4 phases of mitosis in order.
- 3.
Describe what happens to the 4 haploid daughter cells, created from meiosis, in oogenesis.
- 4.
Each sex cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Each sex cell, also known as a gamete, contains only 23 single chromosomes, not pairs. This is because during the process of fertilization, when the gametes combine, the resulting zygote will have a total of 46 chromosomes, with 23 pairs. Therefore, the statement that each sex cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes is incorrect.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Meiosis results in:
- A.
2 daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as parent cells
- B.
4 daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as parent cells
- C.
2 daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as parent cells
- D.
4 daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as parent cells
Correct Answer
D. 4 daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as parent cellsExplanation
Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms to produce gametes (sperm and egg cells). The process involves two rounds of division, resulting in the formation of four daughter cells. These daughter cells are genetically different from the parent cell and from each other. Additionally, each daughter cell has half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This is because during meiosis, the chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material, a process known as crossing over, which leads to genetic variation. Therefore, the correct answer is "4 daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as parent cells."Rate this question:
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- 6.
Chromatids are
- A.
Dense patches within the nucleus
- B.
Bacterial chromosomes
- C.
Duplicate halves of a chromosome
- D.
Prokaryotic nuclei
Correct Answer
C. Duplicate halves of a chromosomeExplanation
Chromatids are duplicate halves of a chromosome. During cell division, a chromosome replicates and each copy is called a chromatid. The two chromatids are held together by a structure called the centromere. When the cell divides, each chromatid is pulled to opposite ends of the cell, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information. Eventually, the chromatids separate and become individual chromosomes in the newly formed cells.Rate this question:
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- 7.
A protein disk that attaches two chromatids to each other in a chromosome is called a
- A.
Chloroplast
- B.
Centromere
- C.
Gamete
- D.
Centriole
Correct Answer
B. CentromereExplanation
A protein disk that attaches two chromatids to each other in a chromosome is called a centromere. This structure plays a crucial role in cell division, specifically during the process of mitosis and meiosis. The centromere helps to ensure that the replicated DNA strands are properly distributed to daughter cells by facilitating the attachment of spindle fibers. Without the centromere, the chromatids would not be able to separate correctly, leading to errors in chromosome distribution and potential genetic abnormalities.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The chromosomes in your body
- A.
Exist in 23 pairs
- B.
Include two sex chromosomes
- C.
Include 44 autosomes
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The chromosomes in your body exist in 23 pairs, which means there are a total of 46 chromosomes. This includes two sex chromosomes, which determine the individual's biological sex (XX for females and XY for males). The remaining 44 chromosomes are called autosomes, and they carry genes responsible for various traits and characteristics. Therefore, the statement "all of the above" is correct as it encompasses the fact that chromosomes exist in 23 pairs, include two sex chromosomes, and include 44 autosomes.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A student can study a karyotype to learn about the
- A.
Molecular structure of a chromosome
- B.
Genes that are present in a particular strand of DNA
- C.
Medical history of an individual
- D.
Number of chromosomes present in a body cell
Correct Answer
D. Number of chromosomes present in a body cellExplanation
A karyotype is a visual representation of the chromosomes in an individual's cells, arranged in pairs according to size, shape, and other characteristics. By studying a karyotype, a student can determine the number of chromosomes present in a body cell. This can provide important information about genetic disorders and abnormalities, as well as help identify any chromosomal abnormalities or variations that may be present in an individual. Therefore, studying a karyotype can provide insights into the number of chromosomes present in a body cell.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A diploid cell is one that
- A.
Has two homologues of each chromosome
- B.
Is designated by the symbol 2n
- C.
Has chromosomes found in pairs
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
A diploid cell is one that has two homologues of each chromosome, meaning it has two copies of each chromosome, one inherited from each parent. It is designated by the symbol 2n, indicating that it has a double set of chromosomes. Additionally, diploid cells have chromosomes found in pairs, where each member of the pair is a homologue. Therefore, all of the given options are correct explanations of a diploid cell.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46. How many chromosomes are in a human egg cell?
- A.
46
- B.
92
- C.
23
- D.
12.5
Correct Answer
C. 23Explanation
A human egg cell is a haploid cell, meaning it contains half the number of chromosomes as a diploid cell. Since the diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46, the haploid number of chromosomes in a human egg cell is 23.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The stage of the cell cycle that occupies most of the cell's life is
- A.
G1, S and G2
- B.
M
- C.
P
- D.
A
Correct Answer
A. G1, S and G2Explanation
The stage of the cell cycle that occupies most of the cell's life is G1, S, and G2. This is because these three stages, collectively known as interphase, are responsible for cell growth, DNA replication, and preparation for cell division. During interphase, the cell spends a significant amount of time carrying out its normal functions and preparing for division. In contrast, the M phase, which includes mitosis and cytokinesis, is a relatively short stage where the actual division of the cell occurs. Therefore, G1, S, and G2 collectively occupy the majority of the cell's life.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the cell is called
- A.
Telophase
- B.
Metaphase
- C.
Anaphase
- D.
Prophase
Correct Answer
B. MetapHaseExplanation
Metaphase is the correct answer because it is the phase of mitosis where all the chromosomes align themselves along the equator of the cell. In this phase, the spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes and exert tension to position them in a single plane. This alignment is crucial for the equal distribution of chromosomes to the daughter cells during cell division.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, each of the two new cells formed from the original cell
- A.
Has 23 chromosomes
- B.
Grows new chromosomes from existing DNA
- C.
Has a complete set of 46 chromosomes
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Has a complete set of 46 chromosomesExplanation
After mitosis and cytokinesis, each of the two new cells formed from the original cell will have a complete set of 46 chromosomes. This is because during mitosis, the chromosomes are replicated, and each of the resulting daughter cells receives an identical copy of the original cell's chromosomes. Therefore, both new cells will have the same number of chromosomes as the original cell, which is 46.Rate this question:
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- 15.
In plant cells, cytokinesis occurs when
- A.
The chromosomes make exact copies of themselves
- B.
Spindle fibers are formed
- C.
A new cell wall is formed
- D.
Osmotic pressure is too low
Correct Answer
C. A new cell wall is formedExplanation
Cytokinesis in plant cells occurs when a new cell wall is formed. During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm divides to form two separate daughter cells. In plant cells, a new cell wall called the cell plate forms between the two daughter cells. This cell plate is made up of cellulose and other materials, and it eventually develops into the primary cell wall of the two daughter cells. The formation of this new cell wall is a crucial step in the completion of cell division in plant cells.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Separation of homologous chromosomes occurs during
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Meiosis I
- C.
Meiosis II
- D.
Fertilization
Correct Answer
B. Meiosis IExplanation
During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes separate. This is because meiosis I is the first division of meiosis, where the homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through a process called crossing over. This genetic recombination results in the shuffling of genes between the homologous chromosomes. After crossing over, the homologous chromosomes then separate and move to opposite poles of the cell, ensuring that each resulting gamete receives one copy of each homologous chromosome. Therefore, meiosis I is the correct answer as it specifically involves the separation of homologous chromosomes.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis is that
- A.
The chromosomes line up at the equator in anaphase I
- B.
Centromeres do not exist in anaphase I
- C.
Chromatids do not separate at the centromere in anaphase I
- D.
Crossing over occurs only in anaphase of mitosis
Correct Answer
C. Chromatids do not separate at the centromere in anapHase IExplanation
In anaphase of mitosis, the chromatids separate at the centromere and move towards opposite poles of the cell, while in anaphase I of meiosis, the homologous chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. Therefore, the statement "chromatids do not separate at the centromere in anaphase I" is correct as it accurately describes the difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis.Rate this question:
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- 18.
When two parent cells join together to form offspring it is
- A.
Asexual reproduction
- B.
Sexual reproduction
- C.
Meiosis
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Sexual reproductionExplanation
When two parent cells join together to form offspring, it is considered sexual reproduction. This is because sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes from two parents, resulting in offspring with a combination of genetic material from both parents. In contrast, asexual reproduction involves the creation of offspring without the involvement of gametes or the fusion of genetic material from two parents. Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs during sexual reproduction, but it is not the correct answer in this context.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Chromosomes that have the same genes/structures, are the same size and have the same shape are called...
- A.
Heterologous chromosomes
- B.
Homologous chromosomes
- C.
Sex chromosomes
- D.
Centromeres
Correct Answer
B. Homologous chromosomesExplanation
Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have the same genes and structures, are the same size, and have the same shape. They are inherited from each parent and contain similar genetic information. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through a process called recombination, which contributes to genetic diversity. Therefore, homologous chromosomes play a crucial role in genetic inheritance and variation.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The making of ova is specifically called....
- A.
Gametogenesis
- B.
Fertilization
- C.
Oogenesis
- D.
Spermatogenesis
Correct Answer
C. OogenesisExplanation
Oogenesis refers to the process of formation and development of ova (eggs) in the female reproductive system. It involves the maturation of ova from primordial germ cells through meiosis, resulting in the production of mature eggs. This process is specific to females and is essential for sexual reproduction. Gametogenesis, on the other hand, is a broader term that encompasses the development of both male and female gametes. Fertilization refers to the fusion of a sperm and an egg, while spermatogenesis is the process of producing sperm cells in males. Therefore, oogenesis is the correct term for the making of ova.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Due to this process, you do not look like your siblings. It creates genetic diversity
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Crossing over
- C.
Probability
- D.
Diffusion
Correct Answer
B. Crossing overExplanation
Crossing over is the correct answer because it is a process that occurs during meiosis, not mitosis. During crossing over, genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes, resulting in genetic diversity among offspring. This process is responsible for the differences in traits between siblings and contributes to genetic variation within a population.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which phase does crossing over occur?
- A.
Prophase of mitosis
- B.
Prophase II of meiosis
- C.
Prophase I of meiosis
- D.
Interphase
Correct Answer
C. PropHase I of meiosisExplanation
Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis. This is the phase where homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through a process called recombination. Crossing over increases genetic diversity by creating new combinations of alleles on the chromosomes. It plays a crucial role in the formation of gametes and contributes to genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms.Rate this question:
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Oct 11, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Dec 04, 2014Quiz Created by
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