Chapter 15 Anatomy Quiz

1.

ANS is a
- A.
  
  Visceral motor
- B.
  
  Somatic motor
- C.
  
  Visceral sensory
- D.
  
  Somatic sensory
Correct Answer
A. Visceral motor

Explanation
The correct answer is visceral motor because the question is asking for the type of motor function. Visceral motor refers to the motor innervation of the internal organs, such as the smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands. This is in contrast to somatic motor, which refers to the motor innervation of the skeletal muscles. Visceral sensory and somatic sensory, on the other hand, refer to the sensory innervation of the internal organs and the body surface, respectively.

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2.

ANS innervates the
- A.
  
  Smooth muscles
- B.
  
  Smooth muscles, cardiac muscles
- C.
  
  Cardiac muscles, glands of the body, smooth muscles
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
C. Cardiac muscles, glands of the body, smooth muscles

Explanation
The answer is "cardiac muscles, glands of the body, smooth muscles" because the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for regulating involuntary functions in the body. This includes controlling the contraction of cardiac muscles, the secretion of glands, and the contraction of smooth muscles found in various organs and tissues.

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3.

Sympathetic can be found in the thoracolumbar T1- L2
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response in the body. It is located in the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord, specifically in the segments T1-L2. This is where the preganglionic sympathetic neurons originate and synapse with postganglionic neurons before innervating various organs and tissues in the body. Therefore, the statement that "Sympathetic can be found in the thoracolumbar T1-L2" is true.

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4.

Sympathetic is..
- A.
  
  Rest and digest
- B.
  
  Fight or flight
- C.
  
  Both
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
B. Fight or flight

Explanation
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight or flight response. When faced with a perceived threat or stressor, the sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for action by increasing heart rate, dilating blood vessels, and releasing stress hormones like adrenaline. This response allows the body to either confront the threat or flee from it. Therefore, the correct answer is "fight or flight."

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5.

Dilate means to speed up
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The given statement is incorrect. "Dilate" does not mean to speed up, but rather it means to make something wider, larger, or more open. It is often used in the context of medical procedures or optical devices, where it refers to the process of enlarging or expanding a body part or an opening.

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6.

Constrict means to slow down
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The given statement is incorrect. The word "constrict" means to make something narrower, tighter, or more restricted. It does not mean to slow down. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

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7.

Parasympathetic can be found in...
- A.
  
  Thoracolumbar T1- L2
- B.
  
  Craniosacral I
- C.
  
  Craniosacral III, VII, IX, X
- D.
  
  Craniosacral IV, IIII, X
Correct Answer
C. Craniosacral III, VII, IX, X

Explanation
The parasympathetic nervous system can be found in craniosacral III, VII, IX, and X. This system is responsible for rest and digest functions, such as slowing the heart rate, increasing digestion, and promoting relaxation. Craniosacral III refers to the oculomotor nerve, which controls eye movement. Craniosacral VII refers to the facial nerve, which controls facial expression and taste. Craniosacral IX refers to the glossopharyngeal nerve, which controls swallowing and salivation. Craniosacral X refers to the vagus nerve, which controls various organs in the thorax and abdomen.

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8.

Parasympathetic is...
- A.
  
  Fight or flight
- B.
  
  Both
- C.
  
  Neither
- D.
  
  Rest and digest
Correct Answer
D. Rest and digest

Explanation
The correct answer is "rest and digest." The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for promoting relaxation, conserving energy, and facilitating digestion. It works in opposition to the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the "fight or flight" response. When the parasympathetic system is activated, it decreases heart rate, constricts pupils, stimulates digestion, and promotes a state of rest and recovery.

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9.

Visceral motor system is an effector system and is automatic/unconscious
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The statement is true because the visceral motor system, also known as the autonomic nervous system, controls involuntary actions and regulates bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing. These activities are not under conscious control and are automatic, making the statement accurate.

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10.

Parasympathetic inhibits...
- A.
  
  Eye
- B.
  
  Stomach
- C.
  
  Salivary glands
- D.
  
  Pancreas
- E.
  
  Gall-bladder
- F.
  
  Bladder
- G.
  
  Erection
- H.
  
  Skin
- I.
  
  Lungs
- J.
  
  Heart
Correct Answer(s)
A. Eye
B. Stomach
C. Salivary glands
D. Pancreas
E. Gall-bladder
F. Bladder
G. Erection

Explanation
The parasympathetic nervous system inhibits the functions of the eye, stomach, salivary glands, pancreas, gall-bladder, bladder, and erection. This means that when the parasympathetic system is activated, these organs and processes are suppressed or slowed down. For example, parasympathetic inhibition of the eye can cause constriction of the pupil and focusing on nearby objects. Inhibition of the stomach can decrease digestive activity. Inhibition of the salivary glands can reduce saliva production. Inhibition of the pancreas can decrease insulin secretion. Inhibition of the gall-bladder can reduce bile release. Inhibition of the bladder can decrease urine production. And inhibition of erection can prevent or reduce sexual arousal.

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11.

Sympathetic inhibits...
- A.
  
  Pupil
- B.
  
  Skin
- C.
  
  Lungs
- D.
  
  Heart
- E.
  
  Liver
- F.
  
  Stomach
- G.
  
  Adrenal gland
- H.
  
  Ejaculation
- I.
  
  Bladder
- J.
  
  Salivary glands
Correct Answer(s)
A. Pupil
B. Skin
C. Lungs
D. Heart
E. Liver
G. Adrenal gland
H. Ejaculation

Explanation
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response in the body. It activates various physiological changes to prepare the body for action. Inhibiting the pupil dilation, skin blood vessels constriction, bronchodilation in the lungs, increasing heart rate, liver glycogenolysis, adrenal gland stimulation, inhibiting ejaculation, and decreasing activity in the stomach and salivary glands are all part of the sympathetic response. These changes help to increase alertness, oxygen intake, and energy availability, while diverting resources away from non-essential functions like digestion and salivation.

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12.

Referred pain is pain felt at a different location other than the actual site
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Referred pain is a phenomenon where pain is felt in an area of the body that is different from the actual source of the pain. This can occur when nerves from different regions of the body share the same pathway to the brain, causing confusion in the brain's interpretation of the pain signals. Therefore, the statement "Referred pain is pain felt at a different location other than the actual site" is true.

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13.

Visceral reflexes is a reflex mediated by motor nerves and initiated in the viscera
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
mediated by *autonomic nerves

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Chapter 15 Anatomy Quiz

ANS is a

ANS innervates the

Sympathetic can be found in the thoracolumbar T1- L2

Sympathetic is..

Dilate means to speed up

Constrict means to slow down

Parasympathetic can be found in...

Parasympathetic is...

Visceral motor system is an effector system and is automatic/unconscious

Parasympathetic inhibits...

Sympathetic inhibits...

Referred pain is pain felt at a different location other than the actual site

Visceral reflexes is a reflex mediated by motor nerves and initiated in the viscera