Osteoporosis Quiz (Practice Mode)

1.

Estrogen replacement therapy is contraindicated for use in which type of women?

A.

Women who are prone to osteoporosis
B.

Women who have high risk of developing breast cancer
C.

Women who are prone to heart disease
D.

Women who have high cholesterol levels

Correct Answer
B. Women who have high risk of developing breast cancer

Explanation
Estrogen replacement therapy is contraindicated for use in women who have a high risk of developing breast cancer because estrogen can stimulate the growth of breast tissue and potentially increase the risk of breast cancer. Women with a high risk of breast cancer may already have abnormal breast cells or a family history of breast cancer, making them more susceptible to the potential risks associated with estrogen therapy. It is important to consider individual risk factors and consult with a healthcare provider before starting any hormone replacement therapy.

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2.

Which tool is known as 'Gold Standard' for diagnosing osteoporosis?

A.

Biochemical markers of bone
B.

X-ray
C.

Ultra sound of heel
D.

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry

Correct Answer
D. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry

Explanation
Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is known as the "Gold Standard" for diagnosing osteoporosis because it is the most accurate and widely used method for measuring bone mineral density. DXA uses low-dose x-rays to measure the density of bones in the hip, spine, and other areas of the body. It provides precise and reliable results, allowing healthcare professionals to accurately diagnose osteoporosis and assess the risk of fractures. Other methods, such as biochemical markers of bone, x-ray, and ultrasound of heel, may provide some information about bone health but are not as accurate or comprehensive as DXA.

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3.

Intervention to prevent osteoporosis in women should start at which age?

A.

Below 10 years
B.

20-35 years
C.

35-45 years
D.

Above 45 years

Correct Answer
B. 20-35 years

Explanation
Intervention to prevent osteoporosis in women should start at the age of 20-35 years. This is because bone mass peaks in the late 20s and early 30s, and after that, women start to lose more bone than they form. Therefore, it is crucial to focus on building strong bones during this age range to reduce the risk of osteoporosis later in life. Starting interventions early can include a healthy diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, regular weight-bearing exercises, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

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4.

Osteoporosis is a disorder of?

A.

Decreased bone mass
B.

Decreased estrogen level
C.

Autoimmune disorder
D.

All of the above

Correct Answer
A. Decreased bone mass

Explanation
Osteoporosis is a disorder characterized by decreased bone mass. This means that the density and strength of the bones are reduced, making them more prone to fractures. Decreased estrogen levels can contribute to the development of osteoporosis, as estrogen plays a role in maintaining bone density. However, not all cases of osteoporosis are caused by decreased estrogen levels. Autoimmune disorders, on the other hand, are conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues in the body, but they are not directly related to osteoporosis.

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5.

Which amongst them is not a risk factor for osteoporosis?

A.

Post menopausal women
B.

Asian male
C.

Smoking
D.

Asian females

Correct Answer
B. Asian male

Explanation
Asian males are not considered a risk factor for osteoporosis because they generally have higher bone density compared to other ethnicities. Osteoporosis is more commonly seen in postmenopausal women, as the decrease in estrogen levels during menopause can lead to bone loss. Smoking is also a risk factor for osteoporosis, as it can decrease bone density. While Asian females are at a higher risk for osteoporosis compared to Asian males, they still have a lower risk compared to other ethnicities.

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6.

Postmenopausal women are more prone to suffer from osteoporosis due to?

A.

Decreased progesterone level
B.

Increased Progesterone level
C.

Decreased oestrogen level
D.

Increased oestrogen level

Correct Answer
C. Decreased oestrogen level

Explanation
Postmenopausal women are more prone to suffer from osteoporosis due to decreased estrogen levels. Estrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining bone density by inhibiting bone breakdown and promoting bone formation. After menopause, the production of estrogen decreases significantly, leading to an imbalance between bone formation and resorption. This imbalance results in a gradual loss of bone mass and increased risk of osteoporosis.

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7.

What is the name of the trial that showed that alendronate reduces the risk of hip and spinal fractures?

A.

MORE trial
B.

FIT trial
C.

EPIC trial
D.

PROOF trial

Correct Answer
B. FIT trial

Explanation
The FIT trial is the correct answer because it is a well-known clinical trial that demonstrated the efficacy of alendronate in reducing the risk of hip and spinal fractures. This trial involved a large sample size and rigorous methodology, making its findings highly reliable and influential in the medical community.

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8.

What is the average calcium intake recommended for post menopausal women unable to take estrogen replacement therapy?

A.

400 mg/day
B.

200 mg/day
C.

1500 mg/day
D.

None of the above

Correct Answer
C. 1500 mg/day

Explanation
The average calcium intake recommended for postmenopausal women unable to take estrogen replacement therapy is 1500 mg/day. This is because postmenopausal women are at a higher risk of developing osteoporosis, and calcium is essential for maintaining strong bones and preventing bone loss. The recommended daily intake of calcium for this population is higher compared to other age groups to help offset the increased risk of osteoporosis.

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9.

Which is not an antiresorptive drug?

A.

HRT
B.

Vit D
C.

Alendronate
D.

Calcitonin

Correct Answer
B. Vit D

Explanation
Vitamin D is not an antiresorptive drug. While it plays a crucial role in calcium absorption and bone health, it does not directly inhibit bone resorption like antiresorptive drugs such as HRT, Alendronate, and Calcitonin. Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium from the intestines and promotes its deposition in bones, thus aiding in bone formation and preventing conditions like osteoporosis. However, it does not have a direct inhibitory effect on bone resorption.

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10.

What is the longest duration for which alendronate has been studied in postmenopausal women?

A.

3 years
B.

5 years
C.

7 years
D.

10 years

Correct Answer
C. 7 years

Explanation
Alendronate has been studied in postmenopausal women for a duration of 7 years. This suggests that the effects and safety of alendronate have been assessed over a relatively long period of time in this specific group of women.

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11.

Alendronate is used in treatment of osteoporosis because it?

A.

Inhibits osteoclastic activity
B.

Inhibits osteoblastic activity
C.

Increases calcium absorption
D.

Activities PTH

Correct Answer
A. Inhibits osteoclastic activity

Explanation
Alendronate is used in the treatment of osteoporosis because it inhibits osteoclastic activity. Osteoclasts are cells responsible for breaking down bone tissue, and excessive osteoclastic activity can lead to bone loss and fragility. By inhibiting osteoclastic activity, alendronate helps to slow down bone resorption and maintain bone density, thereby reducing the risk of fractures in patients with osteoporosis.

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12.

Alendronate can be used on which type of osteoporosis?

A.

Post menopausal osteoporosis
B.

Male osteoporosis
C.

Steroid induced osteoporosis
D.

All of the above

Correct Answer
A. Post menopausal osteoporosis

Explanation
Alendronate is a medication commonly used to treat osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones. It works by inhibiting the breakdown of bone tissue, thus helping to increase bone density and reduce the risk of fractures. Postmenopausal osteoporosis refers to the type of osteoporosis that occurs in women after menopause, when estrogen levels decrease. Alendronate is specifically indicated for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, as it helps to prevent bone loss and maintain bone strength in this population. While it may also be used in certain cases of male osteoporosis and steroid-induced osteoporosis, the primary indication is postmenopausal osteoporosis.

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