1.
The central nervous system is made up of two components:
Correct Answer(s)
A. The brain
C. The spinal cord
Explanation
the central nervous system is composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
2.
The autonomic Nervous system includes the _____________ and ___________ systems (pick two)
Correct Answer(s)
A. Parasympathetic
D. Sympathetic
Explanation
The autonomic Nervous system includes the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems
3.
Parasympathetic include 2 components
Correct Answer(s)
A. Cranial nerves III, IV, IX, X
C. Terminal ganglia
Explanation
Parasympathetic include: Cranial nerves III, IV, IX, X and terminal ganglia
4.
The method of which we integrate (detect/ analyze/respond) sensory information is the only purpose of the Nervous system - Knowing this,
why do OTs and OTA's Study Neuro Anatomy?
Correct Answer
D. Both A & C
Explanation
OTs and OTA's study Neuro Anatomy because understanding the integration of sensory information is crucial in their field. When any component of the nervous system is unable to perform, the body cannot effectively integrate sensory information. This knowledge allows OTs to assess and treat patients with injuries to the neuro-motor system, such as CVA, spinal cord injuries, and TBI's. Specializing in this area provides an economical advantage as the demand for OTs with expertise in neuro-motor system injuries increases. Additionally, all components of the nervous system are interconnected, so damage to one component can affect others, leading to system failures.
5.
Carpal tunnel syndrome, brachail plexus injury and Avulsion of the digital nerve are examples of failure of which nervous system?
Correct Answer
B. PeripHeral
Explanation
carpal tunnel syndrome, brachail plexus injury and Avulsion of the digital nerve are examples of failure of the Peripheral nervous system?
6.
Myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD, Diabetes - typer I and II re examples of failure of which nervous system?
Correct Answer
C. Autonomic
Explanation
Myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD, Diabetes - typer I and II are examples of failure of the autonomic nervous system?
7.
Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA), Parkinson's disease, Guillain- Barre' Syndrome, C5-6 spinal cord injury
Correct Answer
C. Central
Explanation
The conditions listed in the question, including Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA), Parkinson's disease, Guillain-Barre' Syndrome, and C5-6 spinal cord injury, all affect the central nervous system. These conditions involve damage or dysfunction in the brain, spinal cord, or both, which are part of the central nervous system. Therefore, the correct answer is central.
8.
What is a neuron?
Correct Answer
B. Basic unit of the nervous system, is both structural and functional, is a non-dividing cell.
Explanation
A nueron is basic unit of the nervous system, is both structural and functional, is a non-dividing cell.
9.
Known as afferent, carry sensory information from the receptor to the brain, there are always 3 neurons between any receptor and the cortex.
Correct Answer
B. Sensory neurons
Explanation
Sensory Neurons are also known as afferent, carry sensory information from the receptor to the brain, there are always 3 neurons between any receptor and the cortex.
10.
Known as efferent, carry information away from the brain to the receptor.
Correct Answer
B. Motor neurons
Explanation
motor neurons are known as efferent, carry information away from the brain to the receptor.
11.
Neurons situated between two other neurons in a neurtal pathway, may be sensory or motor have very short axon
Correct Answer
A. Interneurons
Explanation
interneurons are neurons situated between two other neurons in a neutral pathway, may be sensory or motor have very short axon
12.
A neuron is made up of :
Correct Answer
A. One axon, a cell body, and several dendrites
Explanation
a neuron is made up of one axon, a cell body, and several dendrites
13.
"This part of the sensory neuron is located in the spinal nerves, the cranial nerves and the thalmus. contains organelles whose overall function is to keep the neurons alive"
what part of the neuron is this?
Correct Answer
B. The cell body
Explanation
The sensory neuron cell body is located in the spinal nerves, the cranial nerves and the thalmus. contains organelles whose overall function is to keep the neurons alive"
is the cell body
14.
May be one or more per cell body, comes from the greek word meaning tree, forms part of the synapse.
Correct Answer
C. The dendrites
Explanation
The dendrites are extensions of the cell body that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them towards the cell body. The term "dendrite" comes from the Greek word meaning tree, which reflects their branching structure. Dendrites play a crucial role in forming synapses, which are the connections between neurons where information is transmitted. Therefore, the dendrites fit the given description as they can be multiple per cell body, have a tree-like structure, and participate in the formation of synapses.
15.
Only one per neuron, variable in length, classified as myelinated and non-myelinated, have synapses knobs at the end which produce either a transmitter or an inhibitory response. connect with other other neurons, muscles and cells or glands.
Correct Answer
B. Axon
Explanation
The axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body. It is responsible for transmitting these impulses to other neurons, muscles, or cells. Axons can vary in length and can be classified as either myelinated or non-myelinated. At the end of the axon, there are synapse knobs which produce either a transmitter or an inhibitory response. Therefore, the axon is the correct answer as it aligns with all the given characteristics.
16.
The junction between two nuerons, axodendritic, axosomatic, axoaxonic
Correct Answer
A. Synapse
Explanation
the junction between two neurons, axodendritic, axosomatic, axoaxonic is called a synapse
17.
There are 3 types of synapses which of the following describe:
" junction between the axon of one neuron with the dendrite of another neuron."
Correct Answer
A. Axodendritic,
Explanation
axosomatic, and axoaxonic synapses describe the junction between the axon of one neuron with the dendrite of another neuron.
18.
The junction between the axon of one neuron with the axon of another neuron
Correct Answer
C. axoaxonic
Explanation
The term "axoaxonic" refers to the junction between the axon of one neuron with the axon of another neuron. This means that the synapse occurs between two axons rather than between an axon and a dendrite or soma. Axoaxonic synapses are less common than axodendritic or axosomatic synapses, but they play important roles in modulating the activity of the postsynaptic neuron. They can either enhance or inhibit the transmission of signals between neurons, depending on the specific neurotransmitters involved.
19.
A nerve impulse is:
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
The correct answer is "all of the above". A nerve impulse refers to the transmission of signals between neurons, which involves the secretion of neurotransmitters from one neuron to another. These neurotransmitters can have either excitatory or inhibitory effects on the receiving neuron. Additionally, nerve impulses move along specific pathways called nerve tracts. Therefore, all the given statements are true and encompass the concept of a nerve impulse.
20.
True or false? An Upper Motor Neuron is neuron whose cell body is located in the spinal cord that control the skeletal muscles in the trunk and upper/lower extremities
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
the correct answer is: the lower neuron is neuron whose cell body is located in the spinal cord that control the skeletal muscles in the trunk and upper/lower extremities
21.
Again, true or false:
The lower Motor neuron is a neuron whose cell body is in the cerebral cortex and whose axons descend to the spinal cord.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The lower motor neuron is a neuron whose cell body is located in the spinal cord or brainstem and whose axon extends out to the muscles or glands. It is responsible for carrying signals from the central nervous system to the peripheral nervous system to initiate muscle contractions or glandular secretions. Therefore, the statement that the lower motor neuron's cell body is in the cerebral cortex and its axons descend to the spinal cord is incorrect.
22.
Injury to these neurons yields localized decreased muscle function
Correct Answer
A. Lower motor neurons
Explanation
Lower motor neurons are responsible for transmitting signals from the spinal cord to the muscles, controlling their movement. When these neurons are injured, there is a localized decrease in muscle function because the signals from the spinal cord cannot reach the muscles properly. Upper motor neurons, on the other hand, are responsible for transmitting signals from the brain to the lower motor neurons. However, injury to upper motor neurons would not directly result in localized decreased muscle function as their role is to modulate and refine the signals sent by the lower motor neurons.
23.
Injury to these neurons yields diffuse decreased muscle function
Correct Answer
B. Upper motor neurons
Explanation
Injury to upper motor neurons can result in diffuse decreased muscle function. Upper motor neurons are responsible for transmitting signals from the brain to the lower motor neurons, which then activate the muscles. When upper motor neurons are damaged, the communication between the brain and muscles is disrupted, leading to a decrease in muscle function throughout the body. This can manifest as weakness, decreased coordination, and difficulty with movement.
24.
The purpose of the Central Nervous system is to ___________ and ________
(pick two)
Correct Answer(s)
B. Process sensory information
C. Provide a response
Explanation
The purpose of the Central Nervous System is to process sensory information and provide a response. The Central Nervous System receives sensory input from various parts of the body and processes this information to make sense of it. It then sends signals to the appropriate muscles or organs to generate a response or action. This allows the body to react to its environment and maintain homeostasis.
25.
Central nervous system is further divided into seven regions: Identify them
Correct Answer
B. 1. cerebellum 2)diencepHalons (thalamus & hypothalmus) 3)Midbrain 4)Pons 5)medulla 6)cerebrum 7) spinal cord
Explanation
The correct answer is 1. cerebellum 2)diencephalons (thalamus & hypothalamus) 3)Midbrain 4)Pons 5)medulla 6)cerebrum 7) spinal cord. This is the correct order of the seven regions of the central nervous system. The cerebellum is responsible for coordination and balance, while the diencephalons contain important structures like the thalamus and hypothalamus. The midbrain, pons, and medulla are all part of the brainstem and play important roles in relaying and controlling signals between the brain and the rest of the body. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for higher cognitive functions. Finally, the spinal cord connects the brain to the peripheral nervous system.
26.
Which three regions make up the brain stem
Correct Answer(s)
A. Medulla
B. Midbrain
D. Pons
Explanation
Medulla midbrain and pons make up the brain stem
27.
Brain stem is
Correct Answer
C. Both A & B
Explanation
The brain stem is located at the bottom of the skull and is responsible for our primitive reflexes. This means that the correct answer is both A and B, as the brain stem is involved in both the location and function described.
28.
Cerebrum: consists of all but one of the following
Correct Answer
E. Cerebellum
Explanation
The cerebrum consists of various structures, including the cerebral cortex, tracts, basil ganglia, and corpus collosum. However, the cerebellum is not part of the cerebrum. The cerebellum is a separate structure located at the back of the brain, responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture.
29.
From the image above, which area of the brain is responsible for voluntary motor activity, concentration, motivation, problem solving planning intellectual function, memory, abstraction, expressive speech
( broca area)
Correct Answer
C. Frontal lobe
Explanation
The frontal lobe is responsible for voluntary motor activity, concentration, motivation, problem solving, planning, intellectual function, memory, abstraction, and expressive speech.
30.
From the image above, which area of the brain is responsible for:
visual reception and association, visual memory, recognition and understanding of environment
Correct Answer
B. Occipital lobe
Explanation
The occipital lobe is responsible for visual reception and association, visual memory, recognition, and understanding of the environment. It is located at the back of the brain and is primarily involved in processing visual information received from the eyes. This lobe plays a crucial role in perceiving and interpreting visual stimuli, allowing us to recognize objects, understand spatial relationships, and form visual memories.
31.
From looking at the image, which part of the body is responsible for tactile processing body awareness and scheme, language, comprehension,some concept formation, gnosis and praxis
Correct Answer
A. Parietal lobe
Explanation
The parietal lobe is responsible for tactile processing, body awareness and scheme, language comprehension, some concept formation, gnosis, and praxis. This is supported by research and studies that have shown the involvement of the parietal lobe in these functions.
32.
From looking at the image, which part of the body is responsible for auditory reception and association, spoken language memory, non-language sounds (music), some emotion and personality aspects
Correct Answer
B. Temporal lobe
Explanation
The temporal lobe is responsible for auditory reception and association, spoken language memory, non-language sounds (music), some emotion, and personality aspects. This is supported by the fact that the temporal lobe contains the primary auditory cortex, which processes sound information, and the Wernicke's area, which is involved in language comprehension. Additionally, damage to the temporal lobe can result in difficulties with language and auditory processing, further confirming its role in these functions.