Otterbein/Grant CRNA Diuretics Review

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| By Alainad3

Alainad3

Community Contributor

Quizzes Created: 20 | Total Attempts: 6,147

Questions: 7 | Attempts: 139 | Updated: Mar 20, 2024

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Questions and Answers

1.

Both thiazide and loop diuretics mechanism of action are based upon inhibiting the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- ions.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Thiazide and loop diuretics are both types of diuretic medications that work by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions in the kidneys. This leads to increased excretion of these ions in the urine, which in turn promotes water excretion and reduces fluid volume in the body. Therefore, the statement that both thiazide and loop diuretics mechanism of action are based upon inhibiting the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- ions is true.

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2.

Osmotic diuretics work by _________ osmolarity, preventing water reabsorption, causing a loss of water, Na+, Cl-, and HCO3.
- A.
  
  Increasing
- B.
  
  Decreasing
Correct Answer
A. Increasing

Explanation
Osmotic diuretics work by increasing osmolarity. This means that they increase the concentration of solutes in the filtrate, which prevents water reabsorption in the kidneys. As a result, more water remains in the urine, leading to increased urine output. Additionally, the increased osmolarity also prevents the reabsorption of sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), and bicarbonate (HCO3-) ions, further contributing to the loss of water and electrolytes.

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3.

K+ sparing diuretics inhibit Na+, Cl-, and HCO3 reabsorption and K+ secretion in the distal convoluted tubules.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
K+ sparing diuretics are a type of medication that work by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), and bicarbonate (HCO3) in the distal convoluted tubules of the kidneys. By doing so, these diuretics prevent the excretion of potassium (K+), hence the term "K+ sparing." Therefore, the statement that K+ sparing diuretics inhibit Na+, Cl-, and HCO3 reabsorption and K+ secretion in the distal convoluted tubules is true.

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4.

_________ antagonists bind to cytoplasmic mineralocorticoid receptors on collecting ducts, inhibiting the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl-, preventing the secretion of K+.

Correct Answer
Aldosterone

Explanation
Aldosterone antagonists are drugs that bind to cytoplasmic mineralocorticoid receptors on collecting ducts. By doing so, they inhibit the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl-, which leads to increased excretion of these ions. Additionally, they prevent the secretion of K+, further contributing to increased excretion of this ion. This mechanism of action helps to reduce fluid retention and lower blood pressure. Therefore, the given correct answer, Aldosterone, is the hormone that these antagonists target to produce their effects.

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5.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors bind to carbonic anhydrase in the proximal tubules, retaining H+ ions while excreting HCO3+ ions. K+ is also excreted in exchange for Na+. HCO3 excretion causes alkaline urine, the body enters a metabolic acidosis.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Example - acetazolamide

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6.

Renal dopamine-1 receptors mediate vasodilation, _________ RBF and GFR while inhibiting Na+ reabsorption.
- A.
  
  Increasing
- B.
  
  Decreasing
Correct Answer
A. Increasing

Explanation
Work at dopamine receptors throughout renal tubules

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Current Version
Mar 20, 2024

Quiz Edited by
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Apr 07, 2015

Quiz Created by
Alainad3

Otterbein/Grant CRNA Diuretics Review

Both thiazide and loop diuretics mechanism of action are based upon inhibiting the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- ions.

Osmotic diuretics work by _________ osmolarity, preventing water reabsorption, causing a loss of water, Na+, Cl-, and HCO3.

K+ sparing diuretics inhibit Na+, Cl-, and HCO3 reabsorption and K+ secretion in the distal convoluted tubules.

_________ antagonists bind to cytoplasmic mineralocorticoid receptors on collecting ducts, inhibiting the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl-, preventing the secretion of K+.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors bind to carbonic anhydrase in the proximal tubules, retaining H+ ions while excreting HCO3+ ions. K+ is also excreted in exchange for Na+. HCO3 excretion causes alkaline urine, the body enters a metabolic acidosis.

Renal dopamine-1 receptors mediate vasodilation, _________ RBF and GFR while inhibiting Na+ reabsorption.