1.
When Airi _______ at school, she realized she _______ her textbook.
Correct Answer
B. Arrived, had forgotten
Explanation
The correct answer is "arrived, had forgotten". This is because the first action of arriving at school happened in the past before the realization of forgetting the textbook. Therefore, the past perfect tense "had forgotten" is used for the action that occurred earlier, while the past tense "arrived" is used for the action that happened later.
2.
When I _______ the new teacher, I was so surprised. I _______ his class before!
Correct Answer
A. Met, had taken
Explanation
The correct answer is "met, had taken". This is because the sentence is in past perfect tense, indicating that the action of taking the class (had taken) occurred before the action of meeting the new teacher (met).
3.
Fraser _______ sushi before he _______ to Japan.
Correct Answer
D. Had never eaten, came
Explanation
The correct answer is "had never eaten, came". This is because the sentence is in the past perfect tense, indicating an action that happened before another action in the past. Fraser had never eaten sushi before he came to Japan, implying that he tried sushi for the first time after he arrived in Japan.
4.
I _______ any money on the weekend because I _______ my wallet on Friday.
Correct Answer
A. Didn't have, had lost
Explanation
The correct answer is "didn't have, had lost". This is because the first blank requires the past simple form of "have", which is "didn't have". The second blank requires the past simple form of "lose", which is "had lost". This means that the person did not have any money on the weekend because they had lost their wallet on Friday.
5.
When Yuka _______ washing the dishes, she _______ the TV on.
Correct Answer
C. Had finished, turned
Explanation
This sentence is in the past perfect tense, indicating that the action of finishing the dishes (washing the dishes) occurred before the action of turning on the TV. Therefore, the correct answer is "had finished, turned."
6.
When we went to Osaka, my friend _______ a lot about the city because she _______ there many times.
Correct Answer
C. Knew, had been
Explanation
The correct answer is "knew, had been". This is because the sentence is in the past tense and refers to two different points in time. "Knew" is used to indicate a past habitual action of the friend knowing about Osaka. "Had been" is used to indicate a past experience of the friend being in Osaka multiple times.
7.
It was a very difficult movie, but I _______ it because I _______ the book.
Correct Answer
D. Understood, had read
Explanation
The correct answer is "understood, had read". The sentence structure suggests that the speaker found the movie difficult, but still understood it because they had previously read the book. The past perfect tense "had read" indicates that the action of reading the book occurred before the action of understanding the movie.
8.
When we went camping we _______ outside because we had forgotten our tent! (sleep)
Correct Answer
slept, Slept
Explanation
The sentence states that "When we went camping, we slept outside because we had forgotten our tent." This means that the action of sleeping outside occurred because the action of forgetting the tent had already happened. The past perfect tense "had forgotten" is used to indicate that the action of forgetting happened before the action of sleeping.
9.
Yuka _______ English for eight years by the time she _______ from university. (study, graduate)
Correct Answer
had studied, graduated
Explanation
This sentence is in the past perfect tense, indicating that the action of studying English occurred before the action of graduating from university. Therefore, the correct answer is "had studied, graduated."
10.
Fraser _______ scuba diving many times before he _______ his scuba license. (go, receive)
Correct Answer
had gone, received
Explanation
The correct answer is "had gone, received" because the sentence is in the past perfect tense. "Had gone" indicates that Fraser went scuba diving multiple times before a specific point in the past, and "received" indicates that he obtained his scuba license at that specific point in the past.