Patient care Ch. 15
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The quiz below comprises of questions to test what you can remember of the Patient Care study chapter 15. If you well read and understood the chapter, then take up the test and affirm that. All the best.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
______________________ is the constancy in the internal environment of thebody, naturally maintained by adaptive response that promote healthy survival.
Explanation
Homeostasis refers to the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. It is achieved through adaptive responses that promote healthy survival. This process ensures that various physiological parameters such as body temperature, pH levels, and blood sugar levels remain within a narrow range. By maintaining homeostasis, the body can function optimally and respond effectively to external stressors.Rate this question:
- 2.
__________ ______________________ reflects the degree of heat of the deep tissues of the human body.
Explanation
Body temperature reflects the degree of heat of the deep tissues of the human body. It is a measure of the internal temperature and is influenced by various factors such as metabolism, activity level, and environmental conditions. Body temperature is typically around 98.6°F (37°C) and is regulated by the hypothalamus in the brain. An abnormal body temperature can indicate an underlying health condition or illness. Monitoring body temperature is important for assessing overall health and detecting any potential abnormalities or infections.Rate this question:
- 3.
The normal body temperature is approximately what?
Explanation
The normal body temperature is approximately 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. This is considered the average body temperature for a healthy adult. It is important to note that body temperature can vary slightly from person to person and may also fluctuate throughout the day. However, a temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit is generally accepted as the standard for normal body temperature.Rate this question:
- 4.
There are five different routes to measure the core body temperature. What are they?
Explanation
The five different routes to measure core body temperature are oral, axillary, tympanic, temporal, and rectal. These methods are commonly used in medical settings to determine a person's body temperature. The oral method involves placing a thermometer under the tongue, while the axillary method measures temperature in the armpit. The tympanic method uses an infrared thermometer to measure temperature in the ear, and the temporal method measures temperature on the forehead. The rectal method involves inserting a thermometer into the rectum. These different routes provide options for measuring temperature depending on the individual's age, condition, and preference.Rate this question:
- 5.
Axillary temperatures are obtained by placing the thermometer highbetween the upper ________ and torso.
Explanation
Axillary temperatures are obtained by placing the thermometer high between the upper arm and torso. This is because the axilla, which is the area under the arm where the arm meets the torso, is a common site for measuring body temperature. The axillary temperature is considered to be a less accurate measurement compared to oral or rectal temperatures, but it is often used in situations where other methods are not feasible or appropriate, such as for infants or individuals with oral or rectal conditions.Rate this question:
- 6.
When measuring temperature using the axillary method, how long should the thermometer remain in place?
Explanation
The thermometer should remain in place for 5 to 10 minutes when measuring temperature using the axillary method. This allows enough time for an accurate reading to be obtained from the axillary (armpit) area.Rate this question:
- 7.
For _______________ temperatures to be measured, the bulb of the thermometer is lubricated, inserted into the anal opening, and held in place for 2 and a half to 5 minutes.
Explanation
The correct answer is rectal. In order to measure internal body temperature accurately, a rectal thermometer is used. The bulb of the thermometer is lubricated and inserted into the rectum, which is the opening at the end of the digestive tract. It is held in place for a few minutes to ensure an accurate reading.Rate this question:
- 8.
When measuring temperature tympanically, a thermometer is placed in the ear and a stable reading is displayed within _____ seconds.
Explanation
When measuring temperature tympanically, a thermometer is placed in the ear and within 3 seconds, a stable reading is displayed. This indicates that the thermometer quickly measures the temperature and provides an accurate reading within a short period of time.Rate this question:
- 9.
When the oral temperature is higher than 99.5 degrees, a fever exists. This is considered ______________________.
Explanation
When the oral temperature is higher than 99.5 degrees, it is considered hyperthermia. Hyperthermia refers to an elevated body temperature that exceeds the normal range. It is often associated with an underlying medical condition or as a response to external factors such as hot weather or intense physical activity. Hyperthermia can be a sign of infection or inflammation in the body and is commonly associated with fevers.Rate this question:
- 10.
A patient with a temperature is said to be ___________________.
Explanation
A patient with a temperature is said to be febrile and hyperthermic because both terms refer to an elevated body temperature. Febrile specifically indicates the presence of a fever, while hyperthermic describes a condition where the body temperature is significantly higher than the normal range. Therefore, both terms accurately describe a patient with an increased body temperature.Rate this question:
- 11.
An adult breaths ____ - ____ breaths per minute.
Explanation
The correct answer is 12-20 or 12 to 20 because these ranges represent the normal breathing rate for an adult. The average adult breathes between 12 and 20 breaths per minute.Rate this question:
- 12.
A child breaths ____ - ____ breaths per minute.
Explanation
A child typically breathes at a rate of 20 to 30 breaths per minute.Rate this question:
- 13.
An adult pulse beats ____ - ____ beats per minute.
Explanation
The correct answer is 60-100 or 60 to 100. This range represents the normal resting heart rate for adults. A pulse rate within this range indicates a healthy cardiovascular system and proper blood circulation. It is important to monitor and maintain a regular pulse rate within this range to ensure overall well-being and physical fitness.Rate this question:
- 14.
A childs pulse beats ____ - ____ beats per minute.
Explanation
The correct answer is 70-120 or 70 to 120. This range represents the normal pulse rate for a child, which is the number of times their heart beats per minute. A pulse rate between 70 and 120 beats per minute is considered within the healthy range for a child's heart rate.Rate this question:
- 15.
Systolic blood presure is < 80 mm Hg.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
< 120 mm HgRate this question:
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- 16.
Diastolic blood pressure is < 80 mm Hg.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A diastolic blood pressure reading of less than 80 mm Hg indicates that the pressure in the arteries during the resting phase of the heart is below 80 mm Hg. This is considered to be within the normal range for diastolic blood pressure, as a reading below 80 mm Hg is generally considered to be healthy.Rate this question:
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- 17.
When a patient's temperature falls below normal range, _____________________ is said to be present.
Correct Answer
hypothermiaExplanation
When a patient's temperature falls below the normal range, it indicates the presence of hypothermia. Hypothermia is a medical condition characterized by abnormally low body temperature, typically below 95°F (35°C). It occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce, leading to symptoms such as shivering, confusion, drowsiness, and slowed heart rate. Hypothermia can be caused by prolonged exposure to cold temperatures, immersion in cold water, certain medical conditions, or medication side effects. Prompt medical attention is necessary to prevent further complications and restore the patient's body temperature to a safe range.Rate this question:
- 18.
Newborns' respiratory rates average ____ - ____ breaths per minute.
Correct Answer
30-60Explanation
Newborns have a relatively high respiratory rate compared to older children and adults. The average respiratory rate for newborns is between 30 and 60 breaths per minute. This range is considered normal and healthy for newborns. It is important for healthcare providers to monitor the respiratory rate of newborns to ensure that they are breathing properly and getting enough oxygen.Rate this question:
- 19.
______________________ is the term used to describe respiratory rates greater than 20 breaths per minute in adult patients.
Correct Answer
TachypneaExplanation
Tachypnea is the term used to describe respiratory rates greater than 20 breaths per minute in adult patients. Tachypnea can be a normal response to physical activity or stress, but it can also be a sign of an underlying medical condition such as pneumonia, asthma, or heart failure. Monitoring respiratory rate is important in assessing a patient's overall health and can provide valuable information about their respiratory function.Rate this question:
- 20.
___________________ is the term used to describe a decrease in the respiratory rate.
Correct Answer
BradypneaExplanation
Bradypnea is the correct term used to describe a decrease in the respiratory rate. Bradypnea refers to an abnormally slow breathing rate, usually below 12 breaths per minute. This can be caused by various factors such as certain medications, neurological conditions, or metabolic disorders. It is important to monitor and address bradypnea as it can lead to inadequate oxygen intake and potential health complications.Rate this question:
- 21.
A common term used to describe difficulty breathing is ______________.
Correct Answer
dyspneaExplanation
Dyspnea is a commonly used term to describe difficulty breathing. It refers to the sensation of not being able to breathe properly or feeling short of breath. It can be caused by various factors such as lung diseases, heart problems, or even anxiety. Dyspnea is a symptom that can be experienced in different degrees, ranging from mild to severe, and it is important to identify and address the underlying cause to provide appropriate treatment and relief for the patient.Rate this question:
- 22.
______________ is the term used to identify the absence of spontaneous ventilation.
Correct Answer
ApneaExplanation
Apnea is the term used to identify the absence of spontaneous ventilation. This means that there is a temporary cessation or pause in breathing. During apnea, there is no movement of the diaphragm or chest wall, resulting in a lack of airflow in and out of the lungs. This can be caused by various factors such as airway obstruction, respiratory muscle weakness, or neurological disorders. Apnea can be a potentially life-threatening condition and may require immediate medical intervention to restore normal breathing.Rate this question:
- 23.
Pulses can be taken by listening to the chest with a stethoscope placed over the heart and counting each heartbeat. Pulses obtained in this manner are called ______________ _________________.
Correct Answer
apical pulses
apicalExplanation
Pulses obtained by listening to the chest with a stethoscope placed over the heart and counting each heartbeat are called apical pulses. The term "apical" refers to the apex or the tip of the heart, where the heartbeat can be best heard. Therefore, when using this method to measure the pulse, it is referred to as "apical pulses" to differentiate it from other methods of pulse measurement.Rate this question:
- 24.
A ______________ ______________________ is a noninvasive device used to provide ongoing assessment of the hemoglobin oxygen saturation of arterial blood as well as the patient's pulse rate.
Correct Answer
pulse oximeterExplanation
A pulse oximeter is a noninvasive device used to provide ongoing assessment of the hemoglobin oxygen saturation of arterial blood as well as the patient's pulse rate. It measures the oxygen saturation level in the blood by emitting light through a sensor attached to a finger or earlobe. The sensor detects the amount of light absorbed by the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, and based on this information, it calculates the oxygen saturation level. Additionally, it also measures the pulse rate by analyzing the pulsatile blood flow. This device is commonly used in healthcare settings to monitor patients' oxygen levels and pulse rate.Rate this question:
- 25.
When heart contractions increase by more than 20 BPM in the resting adult or reach a rate greater than 100 BPM, the patient is said to be experiencing _____________________.
Correct Answer
tachycardiaExplanation
Tachycardia is a condition characterized by an abnormally fast heart rate. When the heart contractions increase by more than 20 beats per minute (BPM) in a resting adult or reach a rate greater than 100 BPM, it is considered tachycardia. This condition can be caused by various factors such as stress, exercise, certain medications, or underlying medical conditions. It can lead to symptoms like palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, and chest pain. Prompt medical attention may be necessary to determine the cause of tachycardia and provide appropriate treatment.Rate this question:
- 26.
The persistent elevation of blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg is known as ______________________.
Correct Answer
hypertensionExplanation
The persistent elevation of blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg is known as hypertension. Hypertension is a medical condition characterized by high blood pressure, which can lead to various health problems such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. It is important to manage hypertension through lifestyle changes and medication to prevent complications and maintain overall health.Rate this question:
- 27.
____________________ is defined as low blood pressure and may be identified by a blood pressure of less than 95/60 mm Hg.
Correct Answer
HypotensionExplanation
Hypotension is defined as low blood pressure and may be identified by a blood pressure of less than 95/60 mm Hg. This means that the pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the blood vessels is lower than normal. Hypotension can cause symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting. It can be caused by various factors including dehydration, medication side effects, heart problems, and hormonal imbalances. Treatment for hypotension depends on the underlying cause and may involve lifestyle changes, medication, or medical interventions.Rate this question:
- 28.
Normally, the ______ % of oxygen supplied in room air maintains homeostasis.
Correct Answer
21Explanation
The correct answer is 21 because room air typically contains 21% oxygen, which is sufficient to maintain homeostasis in the body. Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment, and oxygen plays a crucial role in various physiological processes. Adequate oxygen levels in room air ensure that the body's cells receive enough oxygen for proper functioning, including cellular respiration and energy production.Rate this question:
- 29.
Tissue ______________ is a term used to describe an inadequate amount of oxygen at the cellular (tissue) level.
Correct Answer
hypoxiaExplanation
Hypoxia is a condition where there is a lack of oxygen supply to the tissues at the cellular level. It can occur due to various reasons such as reduced blood flow, low oxygen levels in the blood, or impaired oxygen utilization by the cells. When tissues do not receive enough oxygen, they are unable to carry out their normal functions, leading to cellular damage or even death. Therefore, hypoxia is used to describe an inadequate amount of oxygen at the tissue level.Rate this question:
- 30.
The most common device used to deliver low concentrations of oxygen is the:
- A.
Oxygen mask
- B.
Aerosol mask
- C.
Nasal cannula
- D.
Nebulizer
Correct Answer
C. Nasal cannulaExplanation
pg. 182Rate this question:
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- 31.
Flow rates up to ____ LPM can be administered through a cannula.
Correct Answer
8
eightExplanation
The correct answer is 8, eight. This answer suggests that flow rates up to a maximum of 8 liters per minute (LPM) can be administered through a cannula. A cannula is a small tube that is inserted into a vein or body cavity to administer medication or fluids. This answer provides the specific numerical value and also states it in word form for clarity.Rate this question:
- 32.
Usually oxygen flow rates of ____ to ____ LPM are used, delivering approximately 24% to 36% oxygen through a nasal cannula.
- A.
47 to 70
- B.
.25 to 8
- C.
1.4 to 35
- D.
2 to 6
Correct Answer
B. .25 to 8Explanation
The correct answer is .25 to 8. Oxygen flow rates of .25 to 8 LPM are used with a nasal cannula to deliver approximately 24% to 36% oxygen. This range allows for a gradual increase or decrease in the oxygen flow rate to meet the patient's needs. Higher flow rates may be required for patients with severe respiratory distress, while lower flow rates may be sufficient for patients with mild respiratory issues.Rate this question:
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- 33.
____________ _______________ masks, basic low-flow devices, cover the patient's nose and mouth.
Correct Answer
Simple oxygen - 34.
A nonrebreathing mask can deliver a _________ percentage of oxygen than the nasal cannula or simple mask. (higher or lower)
Correct Answer
higherExplanation
A nonrebreathing mask can deliver a higher percentage of oxygen compared to a nasal cannula or simple mask. This is because a nonrebreathing mask has a reservoir bag attached, which allows for the accumulation of oxygen and prevents the rebreathing of exhaled air. The oxygen is delivered directly to the patient's lungs, resulting in a higher concentration of oxygen being delivered. In contrast, a nasal cannula or simple mask does not have a reservoir bag and relies on the patient's inhalation to draw in oxygen from the surrounding environment, resulting in a lower percentage of oxygen being delivered.Rate this question:
- 35.
___________________ generate an aerosol mist with precise oxygen concentrations; they can be connected via corrugated tubing to an aerosol face mask, tracheostomy mask or collar, or T-piece adapter for endotracheal tubes.
Correct Answer
Nebulizers
nebulizerExplanation
Nebulizers are devices that generate an aerosol mist with precise oxygen concentrations. They can be connected to various types of masks or adapters for different medical purposes.Rate this question:
- 36.
The air-entrainment mask a __________ - __________ device, is constructed to provide an accurate concentration of oxygen to the patient by propelling a high velocity of source oxygen through a narrowed opening near the mask. (high-flow or low-flow)
Correct Answer
high-flowExplanation
The air-entrainment mask is a high-flow device that is designed to deliver a precise concentration of oxygen to the patient. It achieves this by directing a high velocity of source oxygen through a narrow opening near the mask. This high-flow system ensures that the patient receives an accurate and consistent amount of oxygen, making it an effective tool for oxygen therapy.Rate this question:
- 37.
Pediatric patients requiring oxygen therapy and additional humidity can be placed either in an ________________ __________ or an ____________________.
Correct Answer
oxygen tent, oxyhoodExplanation
Pediatric patients requiring oxygen therapy and additional humidity can be placed either in an oxygen tent or an oxyhood. An oxygen tent is a small enclosure made of plastic or fabric that covers the child's bed or crib, allowing them to breathe in a high concentration of oxygen. On the other hand, an oxyhood is a clear plastic hood that fits over the child's head, delivering oxygen directly to their face. Both options provide the necessary oxygen therapy and humidity, but the choice between the two may depend on the specific needs and condition of the patient.Rate this question:
- 38.
Oxygen tents cover the child's bed.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement "Oxygen tents cover the child's bed" is true. Oxygen tents are used in medical settings to provide oxygen to patients who have difficulty breathing. They are made of a clear plastic material and are placed over the patient's bed to create a sealed environment. This allows for the administration of oxygen at a higher concentration to the patient, helping them to breathe more easily. Oxygen tents are commonly used for children who may have respiratory conditions or who are recovering from surgery.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Oxyhoods are generally used on toddlers.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Oxyhoods are generally used on infants.Rate this question:
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- 40.
When the cardiopulmonary system of a patient is unable to supply adequate oxygen to the tissues, a patient may have an artificial airway inserted into the trachea, which is then connected to a mechanical ________________________.
Correct Answer
ventilatorExplanation
When a patient's cardiopulmonary system fails to provide enough oxygen to the tissues, an artificial airway is inserted into their trachea. This airway is then connected to a mechanical ventilator. A ventilator is a device that helps the patient breathe by delivering oxygen-rich air into their lungs and removing carbon dioxide. It provides the necessary support to ensure the patient receives adequate oxygenation and ventilation when their natural respiratory system is compromised.Rate this question:
- 41.
______________ ___________________ is accomplished most often by using a translaryngeal approach via the mouth or nose, but in certain cases the use of a tracheostomy is necessary.
Correct Answer
Tracheal intubationExplanation
Tracheal intubation is the process of inserting a tube into the trachea to establish an airway. This is commonly done using a translaryngeal approach via the mouth or nose. However, in some cases, such as when there is obstruction or injury to the upper airway, a tracheostomy may be necessary. A tracheostomy involves creating a surgical opening in the neck and directly inserting a tube into the trachea. Both methods achieve the goal of establishing a secure airway but differ in the approach used.Rate this question:
- 42.
Thoracostomy tubes are inserted through the ___________ __________ to reestablish negative intrapleural pressure in cases of pneumothorax.
Correct Answer
chest wallExplanation
Thoracostomy tubes are inserted through the chest wall to reestablish negative intrapleural pressure in cases of pneumothorax. This is because the chest wall provides direct access to the pleural space, allowing the tube to be inserted and connected to a drainage system. By creating a pathway for air or fluid to exit the pleural space, the negative pressure can be restored, helping to re-expand the lung and relieve symptoms associated with pneumothorax.Rate this question:
- 43.
_____ lines are catheters that are insterted into a large vein.
Correct Answer
CV
Central VenousExplanation
CV stands for Central Venous, which refers to catheters that are inserted into a large vein. This type of catheter is used for various medical procedures such as administering medications, fluids, or blood products, as well as monitoring central venous pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is CV, Central Venous.Rate this question:
- 44.
Pulmonary arterial (PA) lines were commonly called _________-__________ catheters, named for the developers of the catheter.
Correct Answer
Swan-GanzExplanation
Pulmonary arterial (PA) lines are commonly referred to as Swan-Ganz catheters, named after the developers of the catheter.Rate this question:
- 45.
Heartbeat, blood pressure, body temp, respiratory rate & electrolyte balance are all mechanisms that help maintain homeostasis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
(HERBB)Rate this question:
-
- 46.
The normal body temperature is 98.6. A ____ to ____ degree difference is a normal daily variation.
Correct Answer
1-2
1 to 2Explanation
The normal body temperature is 98.6 degrees. A 1-2 degree difference or a 1 to 2 degree difference is considered a normal daily variation.Rate this question:
- 47.
Rectal thermometers have a slender, pointed end.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
They have a rounded, bulbous end.Rate this question:
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- 48.
What increases when your body temperature increases?
Correct Answer
metabolic rateExplanation
When the body temperature increases, the metabolic rate also increases. This is because higher body temperature leads to an increase in enzymatic activity, which in turn increases the rate at which chemical reactions occur in the body. As a result, the body requires more energy to carry out these reactions, leading to an increase in metabolic rate.Rate this question:
- 49.
Fever after surgery is normal for 10 to 12 days
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Its only normal for fever to last 1 to 2 days after surgery.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Prolonged fever after surgery is evidence of what?
Correct Answer
infectionExplanation
Prolonged fever after surgery is often a sign of infection. Infections can occur as a result of surgical procedures due to the introduction of bacteria into the body during surgery. The body's immune response to the infection can lead to fever as a symptom. Therefore, the presence of a prolonged fever after surgery suggests that an infection may be present.Rate this question:
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Mar 18, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 02, 2011Quiz Created by
Hahaholly
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