Pg Blazer - Online Test Series 31 - Ent | Attempts: 5246

1.

Treatment of choice in a 6 year old child with recurrent URTI with mouth breathing and failure to grow with high arched palate and impaired hearing is :

A.

Tonsillectomy
B.

Grommet insertion
C.

Myringotomy with grommet insertion
D.

Adenoidectomy with grommet insertion

Correct Answer
D. Adenoidectomy with grommet insertion

Explanation
The correct answer is Adenoidectomy with grommet insertion. Adenoidectomy is the surgical removal of the adenoids, which are lymphoid tissues located at the back of the nasal cavity. In a 6 year old child with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (URTI), mouth breathing, and failure to grow, the adenoids may be enlarged and causing obstruction of the airway. Adenoidectomy can help improve airflow and alleviate symptoms. Grommet insertion involves placing small tubes in the eardrums to help drain fluid from the middle ear, which can be beneficial in cases of impaired hearing. Therefore, adenoidectomy with grommet insertion is the appropriate treatment choice in this scenario.

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2.

Which of the following is the most common etiological agent in paranasal sinus mycoses?

A.

Aspergillus spp
B.

Histoplasma
C.

Conidiobolus coronatus
D.

Candida albicans

Correct Answer
A. Aspergillus spp

Explanation
Aspergillus spp is the most common etiological agent in paranasal sinus mycoses. This is because Aspergillus species are ubiquitous in the environment and can easily colonize the sinuses. They are commonly found in decaying organic matter and can be inhaled, leading to sinus infections. Aspergillus spp are known to cause a variety of sinus-related symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial pain, and sinusitis. They can also cause more severe infections in immunocompromised individuals.

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3.

Hyperacusis in Bell’s palsy is due to the the paralysis of the following muscle:

A.

Tensor tympani
B.

Levator veli palatini
C.

Tensor veli palatini
D.

Stapedius

Correct Answer
D. Stapedius

Explanation
Hyperacusis in Bell's palsy is due to the paralysis of the stapedius muscle. The stapedius muscle is responsible for dampening the sound vibrations that enter the inner ear through the stapes bone. When this muscle is paralyzed, it is unable to properly regulate the intensity of sound, leading to hyperacusis, which is an increased sensitivity to loud noises.

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4.

A case of carcinoma larynx with the involvement of anterior commissure and right vocal cord, developed perichondritis of thyroid cartilage. Which of the following statements is true for the managements of this case’?

A.

He should be given radical radiotherapy as this can cure early tumours
B.

He should be treated with combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy
C.

He should first receive radiotherapy and if residual tumour is present then should undergo laryngectomy
D.

He should first undergo laryngectomy and then post—operative radiotherapy.

Correct Answer
D. He should first undergo laryngectomy and then post—operative radiotherapy.

Explanation
The patient should first undergo laryngectomy and then receive post-operative radiotherapy. This is because the case involves carcinoma larynx with the involvement of the anterior commissure and right vocal cord, as well as perichondritis of the thyroid cartilage. Laryngectomy is the surgical removal of the larynx, which is the most appropriate treatment for advanced laryngeal cancer. Post-operative radiotherapy is recommended to target any remaining tumor cells and improve the chances of long-term disease control.

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5.

Which of the following is not a typical feature of Ménière’s disease?

A.

Sensorineural deafness
B.

Pulsatile tinnitus
C.

Vertigo
D.

Fluctuating deafness

Correct Answer
B. Pulsatile tinnitus

Explanation
Features of Ménière’s disease are:
Aural fullness
Fluctuating sensorineural deafness
Fluctuating tinnitus
Episodic vertigo

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6.

Which of the following is not a typical feature of malignant otitis externa?

A.

Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
B.

Patients are usually old
C.

Mitotic figures are high
D.

Patient is immune compromised

Correct Answer
C. Mitotic figures are high

Explanation
Malignant otitis externa is an infection, not a malignancy. Hence no mitotic figures are found.

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7.

The postero superior retraction pocket, if allowed to progress, will lead to:

A.

Sensori neural hearing loss
B.

Secondary cholesteatoma
C.

Tympanoscelerosis
D.

Tertiary cholesteatoma

Correct Answer
A. Sensori neural hearing loss

Explanation
If the postero superior retraction pocket is allowed to progress, it can cause sensori neural hearing loss. Sensori neural hearing loss refers to a type of hearing loss that occurs due to damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve. In the case of a postero superior retraction pocket, the pocket can cause pressure on the delicate structures of the inner ear, leading to damage and subsequent hearing loss. Therefore, if the condition is not addressed and allowed to progress, it can result in sensori neural hearing loss.

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8.

A 30 year old male is having Attic cholesteatoma of left ear with lateral sinus thrombophlebitis. Which of the following will be the operation of choice?

A.

Lntact canal wall mastoidectomy
B.

Simple mastoidectomy with Tympanoplasty
C.

Canal wall down mastoidectomy
D.

Mastoidectomy with cavity obliteration

Correct Answer
C. Canal wall down mastoidectomy

Explanation
Attic cholesteatoma is an indication for modified radical mastoidectomy. (Canal wall down mastoidectomy)

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9.

Which is the investigation of choice in assessing hearing loss in neonates?

A.

Impedance audiometry
B.

Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA)
C.

Free field audiometry
D.

Behavioral audioimetry

Correct Answer
B. Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA)

Explanation
Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) is the investigation of choice in assessing hearing loss in neonates. This test measures the electrical activity of the auditory nerve and brainstem in response to sound stimuli. It is particularly useful in newborns as it can provide objective information about their hearing abilities, even if they are unable to respond behaviorally. BERA can help identify the type and degree of hearing loss, which is crucial for early intervention and management of hearing impairment in neonates. Impedance audiometry, free field audiometry, and behavioral audiometry may also be used in assessing hearing loss, but BERA is considered the most reliable and accurate method in this population.

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10.

Which of the following conditions causes the maximum hearing loss?

A.

Ossicular disruption with intact tympanic membrane
B.

Disruption of malleus and incus as well tympanic membrane
C.

Partial fixation of the stapes footplate
D.

Ottitis media with effusion

Correct Answer
A. Ossicular disruption with intact tympanic membrane

Explanation
Ossicular disruption with intact tympanic membrane causes an average hearing loss of 54 dB.

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