Pharmacology Quiz: Do You Really Know About Drugs?
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Being that you are just one step closer to being a certified pharmacologist, it is quite important to ensure that you have adequate knowledge on all the drugs you might come across in practice, how you use and prescribe them. Do you know about drugs? Take up thus quick pharmacology quiz and get to find out. All the best!
- 1.
Tamsulosin is selective for which adrenergic receptor?
- A.
A1a
- B.
A1b
- C.
A2a
- D.
A10
Correct Answer
A. A1aExplanation
Tamsulosin is selective for the A1a adrenergic receptor. This means that it specifically targets and binds to this receptor subtype, leading to its pharmacological effects. By selectively binding to the A1a receptor, tamsulosin can block the action of norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter, on this receptor, resulting in relaxation of smooth muscles in the prostate and bladder neck. This selective action of tamsulosin on the A1a receptor makes it a useful medication for the treatment of urinary symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Rate this question:
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- 2.
A2 receptors when stimulated turn on NE release
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
A2 is the most important receptor in the brain!! It turns off NE release. B receptors turn on NE release when stimulated.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Adrenergic Recptors are:
- A.
Ion-channel
- B.
G-protein coupled receptors
- C.
Ligand regulated
- D.
Carboxylated
Correct Answer
B. G-protein coupled receptorsExplanation
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a type of cell membrane receptor that are involved in signal transduction. They are activated by binding of ligands, such as hormones or neurotransmitters, which then triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events. Adrenergic receptors specifically bind to the neurotransmitters epinephrine and norepinephrine, and are classified as GPCRs. This allows them to activate G-proteins, which in turn regulate various cellular processes. Therefore, the correct answer is G-protein coupled receptors.Rate this question:
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- 4.
When A2 receptors are stimulated, they interact with Gi, which turns off cAMP and leads to more protein phosphorylation
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Turning off cAMP leads to LESS protein phosphorylationRate this question:
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- 5.
Isoproterenol is selective for what receptors?
- A.
A1
- B.
A2
- C.
B1
- D.
B2
Correct Answer(s)
C. B1
D. B2Explanation
Isoproterenol is selective for B1 and B2 receptors. These receptors are part of the beta-adrenergic receptor family. B1 receptors are mainly found in the heart and are responsible for increasing heart rate and contractility. B2 receptors are found in smooth muscle tissues, such as the bronchioles of the lungs, and their activation leads to relaxation and dilation of these muscles. Isoproterenol's selectivity for both B1 and B2 receptors makes it useful in medical treatments such as treating bradycardia or bronchospasm.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Phenylephrine is selective for what receptors?
- A.
A1
- B.
A2
- C.
B1
- D.
B2
Correct Answer
A. A1Explanation
Phenylephrine is selective for A1 receptors. A1 receptors are a subtype of alpha-adrenergic receptors found in smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. Activation of A1 receptors by phenylephrine causes vasoconstriction, leading to an increase in blood pressure. This selective action on A1 receptors makes phenylephrine useful in treating conditions like hypotension and nasal congestion.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Norepinephrine is selective for what receptors?
- A.
A1
- B.
A2
- C.
B1
- D.
B2
Correct Answer(s)
A. A1
B. A2
C. B1Explanation
Norepinephrine is selective for A1, A2, and B1 receptors. These receptors are part of the adrenergic system, which is responsible for the body's response to stress and emergencies. A1 receptors are found in smooth muscles and blood vessels, causing vasoconstriction. A2 receptors are located in the brain and peripheral tissues, regulating neurotransmitter release. B1 receptors are primarily found in the heart, increasing heart rate and contractility. Therefore, norepinephrine can bind to and activate these receptors, leading to various physiological responses.Rate this question:
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- 8.
At a low to medium therapeutic dose, sympathomimetic drugs are selective for their receptors, but at high or toxic doses they can stimulate other receptors
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
At low to medium therapeutic doses, sympathomimetic drugs are designed to selectively target specific receptors in the body. However, at high or toxic doses, these drugs can interact with and stimulate other receptors in addition to their intended targets. This can lead to unintended side effects or adverse reactions. Therefore, the statement that sympathomimetic drugs can stimulate other receptors at high or toxic doses is true.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Giving phenylephrine would have what effect?
- A.
Increased HR
- B.
Decreased HR
- C.
Increased BP
- D.
Decreased BP
Correct Answer(s)
B. Decreased HR
C. Increased BPExplanation
Phenylephrine would cause vasoconstriction (increased BP) but then the baroreceptors would kick in to keep the HR low.Rate this question:
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- 10.
50% of the norepinephrine released into the neuroeffector junction is removed by what method?
- A.
Cleaved by esterases
- B.
Attaches to adrenergic receptors
- C.
Taken out of junction by a neuronal uptake pump
- D.
Diffusion
Correct Answer
C. Taken out of junction by a neuronal uptake pumpExplanation
Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter released into the neuroeffector junction. This question asks how 50% of the released norepinephrine is removed from the junction. The correct answer is that it is taken out of the junction by a neuronal uptake pump. This means that the norepinephrine is actively transported back into the neuron that released it, effectively removing it from the junction.Rate this question:
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- 11.
How does amphetamine affect neuroepinephrine in the neuroeffector junction?
- A.
Blocks synthesis in the vesicle
- B.
Displaces from the vesicle
- C.
Causes the neuronal uptake pump to run backwards, pumping NE into the junction
- D.
Causes a lower binding affinity to the receptors
- E.
Inhibits dopamine from entering in the vesicle
Correct Answer(s)
B. Displaces from the vesicle
C. Causes the neuronal uptake pump to run backwards, pumping NE into the junctionExplanation
Amphetamine causes the neuronal uptake pump to run backwards, which leads to the pumping of neuroepinephrine (NE) into the neuroeffector junction. This occurs because amphetamine displaces NE from the vesicle, preventing its storage and causing it to be released into the junction. This results in an increased concentration of NE in the junction, leading to its effects on the neuroeffector junction.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which is NOT a source of tyramine?
- A.
BEER.
- B.
WINE
- C.
Acidic fruits
- D.
Cheese
Correct Answer
C. Acidic fruitsExplanation
Tyramine is a naturally occurring compound found in certain foods and beverages. It is commonly associated with triggering migraines and other adverse reactions in sensitive individuals. While beer, wine, and cheese are known sources of tyramine, acidic fruits do not contain significant amounts of this compound. Therefore, acidic fruits are not a source of tyramine.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which are drugs that release norepinephrine?
- A.
Amphetamine
- B.
Phentermine
- C.
MAOIs
- D.
Methylphenidate
- E.
Vicodin ES
- F.
Alprazolam
Correct Answer(s)
A. AmpHetamine
B. pHentermine
D. MethylpHenidateExplanation
Amphetamine, Phentermine, and methylphenidate are drugs that release norepinephrine. These drugs belong to a class called sympathomimetic amines, which stimulate the release of norepinephrine from nerve endings. Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in regulating various physiological processes, including attention, alertness, and mood. By increasing the release of norepinephrine, these drugs can have stimulant effects on the central nervous system, leading to increased wakefulness and focus.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Cocaine & Imipramine block the removal of norepinephrine out of the neuroeffector junction.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Cocaine and Imipramine are both known to inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter, at the neuroeffector junction. This means that they prevent the removal of norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft, leading to increased levels of norepinephrine in the brain. Therefore, the statement that cocaine and Imipramine block the removal of norepinephrine out of the neuroeffector junction is true.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Pseudoephedrine is a direct acting adrenergic agonist because it releases norepinephrine from the storage vesicles and activates the receptors in the neuroeffector junction.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Pseudoephedrine is a MIXED agonist because it works by these 2 mechanisms to increase the action of norepinephrine.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Cardiogenic shock is primarily related to low blood pressure.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Septic shock is primarily associated with low blood pressure. Cardiogenic shock is related to reduced work of the heart.Rate this question:
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- 17.
How is visine used to treat ocular congestion?
- A.
Increases capillary permeability & dilates blood vessels
- B.
Increases capillary permeability & contracts blood vessels
- C.
Decreases capillary permeability & dilates blood vessels
- D.
Decreases capillary permeability & contracts blood vessels
Correct Answer
D. Decreases capillary permeability & contracts blood vesselsExplanation
Visine is used to treat ocular congestion by decreasing capillary permeability and contracting blood vessels. This action helps to reduce redness and swelling in the eyes, providing relief from congestion.Rate this question:
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- 18.
How is phentermine used in appetite suppression?
- A.
It decreases the stimulation of dopamine receptors in the brain
- B.
It stimulates dopamine receptors in the brain
- C.
Releases NE in the CNS which releases dopamine
- D.
Turns on signal to body to increase food because the body senses it is losing weight.
Correct Answer(s)
B. It stimulates dopamine receptors in the brain
C. Releases NE in the CNS which releases dopamineExplanation
Phentermine is used in appetite suppression by stimulating dopamine receptors in the brain. This stimulation leads to a decrease in appetite and a feeling of fullness. Additionally, phentermine releases norepinephrine (NE) in the central nervous system, which further triggers the release of dopamine. This combined action of stimulating dopamine receptors and releasing NE and dopamine helps to suppress appetite and control food cravings.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Whis is NOT an adverse effect of adrenergic agonists?
- A.
Hypertension
- B.
Worsening of open angle glaucoma
- C.
Urinary retention
- D.
Anxiety
Correct Answer
B. Worsening of open angle glaucomaExplanation
Adrenergic agonists are used to TREAT open angle glaucoma. Worsening of narrow angle glaucoma is an adverse event caused by stimulating A1.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Labetalol & carvedilol are selective antagonists for which receptors?
- A.
A1
- B.
A2
- C.
B1
- D.
B2
Correct Answer(s)
A. A1
C. B1
D. B2Explanation
Labetalol and carvedilol are selective antagonists for A1, B1, and B2 receptors. Selective antagonists are drugs that specifically bind to and block the activity of certain receptors in the body. In this case, labetalol and carvedilol target A1, B1, and B2 receptors. These receptors are found in various tissues and organs, including the heart, blood vessels, and lungs. By blocking these receptors, labetalol and carvedilol can help to lower blood pressure, reduce heart rate, and relax blood vessels, making them useful in the treatment of conditions such as hypertension and heart failure.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Atenolol, Metoprolol, Acebutalol & Esmolol are considered "3rd generation" adrenergic antagonists.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
They are 2nd generation. Labetalol/Carvedilol are 3rd generation.Rate this question:
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- 22.
After giving an alpha blocking drug, what would be the effect of a dose of epinephrine?
- A.
Increase in BP
- B.
Decrease in BP
- C.
Increase in HR
- D.
Decrease in HR
Correct Answer(s)
B. Decrease in BP
C. Increase in HRExplanation
B2 receptors are activated, which causes vasodilation & decrease in BP. The B1 receptors stimulate increased contractility of the heart which increases HR. The baroreceptors are also stimulated to increase HR.Rate this question:
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- 23.
In treating benign prostatic hyperplasia, the desired result of alpha-blocking treatment is:
- A.
Increased urine outflow
- B.
Increased urinary retention
- C.
Decreased urine outflow
- D.
Contraction of smooth muscle of the prostate
Correct Answer
A. Increased urine outflowExplanation
The urgency/retention is caused by contraction of the smooth muscle of the prostate pressing on the urethra. Blocking A1A by tamsulosin results in increased urine outflow.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Raynauds:
- A.
Presents in the extremities - with white digits that show when exposed to cold temperature
- B.
Is cauased by excessive vasoconstriction in combination with plaques in arterioles
- C.
Is treated by alpha blocking drugs
- D.
Treatment includes prazosin or phenoxybenzamine
Correct Answer(s)
A. Presents in the extremities - with white digits that show when exposed to cold temperature
B. Is cauased by excessive vasoconstriction in combination with plaques in arterioles
C. Is treated by alpHa blocking drugs
D. Treatment includes prazosin or pHenoxybenzamineExplanation
Raynaud's is a condition that presents in the extremities, specifically the digits, with white discoloration when exposed to cold temperatures. This is due to excessive vasoconstriction in combination with plaques in the arterioles. The condition can be treated with alpha blocking drugs, such as prazosin or phenoxybenzamine. These medications help to relax and widen the blood vessels, improving blood flow and reducing symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Phentolamine is injected in the corpus cavernosum of the penis to treat impotence.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
(shudders) yuckRate this question:
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- 26.
Yohimbe blocks A1 receptors as a neutraceutical treatment of ED in males
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Yohimbe or "horny goat weed" blocks A1 and is believed that it is connected with brain pathways associated with interest in sex (aphrodisiac)Rate this question:
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- 27.
Beta receptor antagonists affects in the system include:
- A.
Increased force of heart contractility
- B.
Increased renin secretion of the kidney
- C.
Bronchodilation
- D.
Decreased glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
Correct Answer
D. Decreased glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesisExplanation
Beta receptor antagonists, also known as beta blockers, work by blocking the beta receptors in the body. These receptors are found in various organs and tissues, including the heart, kidneys, and lungs. By blocking these receptors, beta blockers have several effects on the body. One of these effects is a decrease in glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, which refers to the breakdown of glycogen into glucose and the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, respectively. This decrease in glucose production and release helps to lower blood sugar levels and can be beneficial in conditions such as diabetes.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Beta blockers should be used in acute heart failure.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
used ONLY in chronic heart failure, when constant sympathetic input is hurting the heart and compromising its function further.Rate this question:
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- 29.
If a patient carries a large box up the stairs and experiences angina, it means that his oxygen demand is greater than the oxygen supply (due to coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, etc). It would be reasonable that this patient starts taking a beta blocker to treat his acute angina symptoms.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Beta blockers are used to PREVENT angina. Patient would use nitrostat for treatment.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Timolol treats glaucoma by reducing the formation of aqueous humor and thereby lowering the IOP
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Timolol is a medication used to treat glaucoma, a condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP). It works by reducing the production of aqueous humor, the fluid that fills the front part of the eye. By decreasing the formation of aqueous humor, Timolol helps to lower the IOP, which is essential for managing glaucoma and preventing further damage to the optic nerve. Therefore, the statement "Timolol treats glaucoma by reducing the formation of aqueous humor and thereby lowering the IOP" is true.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Beta blockers can be used to treat:
- A.
Tension headache
- B.
Performance anxiety
- C.
Acute heart failure
- D.
Hypotension
Correct Answer
B. Performance anxietyExplanation
Used to treat performance anxiety & muscle tremors in people like fine musicians or sharp shooters. It affects the movement of glucose & potassium in/out of the muscle and prevents excessive stimulation.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which is not an adverse effect of beta blockers?
- A.
Wheezing
- B.
CNS effects
- C.
Rebound angina
- D.
Tachycardia
Correct Answer
D. TachycardiaExplanation
Tachycardia is not an adverse effect of beta blockers. Beta blockers actually work to decrease heart rate, so tachycardia would not be expected as a side effect. Wheezing, CNS effects, and rebound angina are all potential adverse effects of beta blockers.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which drug has the highest oral bioavailability?
- A.
Pindolol
- B.
Nadolol
- C.
Atenolol
- D.
Metoprolol
Correct Answer
A. PindololExplanation
Pindolol has the highest oral bioavailability among the given options. Oral bioavailability refers to the percentage of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation after oral administration. Pindolol is known to have a high oral bioavailability, meaning that a larger proportion of the drug is absorbed and reaches the bloodstream when taken orally compared to the other drugs listed (Nadolol, Atenolol, and Metoprolol). This suggests that Pindolol is more efficiently absorbed and has a higher systemic availability when taken orally.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Clonidine is a adrenergic neuron blocking drug.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Clonidine is a drug that blocks the activity of adrenergic neurons. Adrenergic neurons are responsible for releasing norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter that plays a role in the sympathetic nervous system. By blocking these neurons, clonidine reduces the release of norepinephrine, leading to various effects such as lowering blood pressure and reducing anxiety. Therefore, the statement that clonidine is an adrenergic neuron blocking drug is true.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Metyrosine:
- A.
Blocks the conversion of tyrosine to dopa
- B.
Is used to treat pheochromocytoma (only real treatment is tumor removal)
- C.
Inhibits tyrosine esterase
- D.
Can enter into the brain & cause CNS effects
- E.
Inhibits the rate-limiting step of norepinephrine production
Correct Answer(s)
A. Blocks the conversion of tyrosine to dopa
B. Is used to treat pHeochromocytoma (only real treatment is tumor removal)
D. Can enter into the brain & cause CNS effects
E. Inhibits the rate-limiting step of norepinepHrine productionExplanation
Metyrosine is a medication that blocks the conversion of tyrosine to dopa. This is significant because dopa is a precursor to norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter involved in the stress response. By inhibiting this conversion, metyrosine reduces the production of norepinephrine, which can be beneficial in the treatment of conditions such as pheochromocytoma. Additionally, metyrosine can enter the brain and cause central nervous system (CNS) effects, further contributing to its therapeutic actions. It is important to note that while metyrosine can be used to manage symptoms, the only definitive treatment for pheochromocytoma is surgical removal of the tumor.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Reserpine affects NE uptake:
- A.
By blocking the neuronal reputake pump
- B.
By blocking the transport of norepinephrine & dopamine into the storage vesicle
- C.
By releasing NE from the storage vesicle
- D.
By pumping NE opposite of the neuronal reuptake pump to go out of the cell
Correct Answer
B. By blocking the transport of norepinepHrine & dopamine into the storage vesicleExplanation
Reserpine affects NE uptake by blocking the transport of norepinephrine and dopamine into the storage vesicle. This means that reserpine prevents the reuptake of these neurotransmitters into the vesicles, which are responsible for storing them. As a result, the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the synaptic cleft are reduced, leading to decreased neurotransmission.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Jul 23, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Oct 02, 2012Quiz Created by
Mkg55177
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