1.
Correct Answer
A. Eleanor Roosevelt, US First Lady from 1933 to 1945
Explanation
President Theodore Roosevelt (Eleanor Roosevelt's husband) most famously outlined the 4 basic freedoms that all man should have : freedom from want, freedom from fear, freedom of speech and freedom of religion
2.
"Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man's character, give him power."
Correct Answer
B. Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States
Explanation
This quote is attributed to Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States. It suggests that while most men can handle difficult situations, it is when they are given power that their true character is revealed. This implies that power has the potential to corrupt individuals and that it is through the responsible use of power that a person's character can be truly tested.
3.
"Ideas are far more powerful than guns. If we don't allow our enemies to have guns, why should we allow them to have ideas?"
Correct Answer
B. JosepH Stalin, Soviet Communist dictator who challenged political and capitalist threats using repressive means
Explanation
The given quote suggests that ideas hold more power and influence than physical weapons. It implies that if we restrict our enemies from having guns, we should also restrict them from having ideas, as both can be equally dangerous. This aligns with Joseph Stalin's ideology and actions as a Soviet Communist dictator. Stalin was known for suppressing political opposition and capitalist threats through repressive means, such as censorship, propaganda, and purges. His regime aimed to control and manipulate ideas to maintain power and eliminate any dissenting voices.
4.
"A measure of a country's greatness should be based on how well it care for its most vulnerable populations.""You must be the change you wish to see in this world.""An eye for an eye and the whole world shall be blind."
Correct Answer
B. Mahatma Gandhi, leader of India's non-violent independence movement
Explanation
Mahatma Gandhi, leader of India's non-violent independence movement, believed that individuals should take responsibility for creating the change they want to see in the world. This means that instead of waiting for others to make a difference, individuals should actively work towards bringing about positive change themselves. Gandhi's philosophy emphasizes the importance of personal agency and empowerment in making a country great. This aligns with the idea that a country's greatness should be measured by how well it cares for its most vulnerable populations, as it requires individuals to actively work towards creating a more inclusive and equitable society.
5.
"The human animal cannot be trusted for anything good except en masse. The combined thought and action of the whole people of any race, creed or nationality, will always point in the right direction.""The United Nations is designed to make possible lasting freedom and independence for all its members."
Correct Answer
A. Harry Truman, 33rd President of the United States
Explanation
Truman was famous for - among other things - the Marshall Plan which allowed European countries decide on their economic needs so that material and financial aid from the United States could be integrated on a broad scale after World War 2.
6.
"Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country."
"It is a time, in short, for a new generation of leadership - new men to cope with new problems and new opportunities."
Correct Answer
A. John F Kennedy, 35th President of the United States
Explanation
During his short term, the Cuban missile crisis took place concerning the location of Russian missiles in Cuba, and American missiles in Turkey. It was the closest the US has ever gotten to a nuclear war
7.
"For the pain, suffering and hurt of these stolen generations , their descendants and for their families, we say sorry....And for the indignity and degradation thus inflicted on a proud people and a proud culture, we say sorry....... between 1910 and 1970, between 10 to 30% of indigeneous children were forcibly taken from their mothers and fathers....50,000 were forcibly taken from their families... a product of the deliberate, calculated policies of the state..."
Correct Answer
B. Kevin Rudd, Prime Minister of Australia
Explanation
Many other developed societies have a history of trying to change or 'civilise' native groups by fordeful means, including in the US where native American Indians were subjected to forced re-education
8.
"Let a hundred flowers blossom. Let a hundred schools of thought contend."
Correct Answer
A. Mao Zedong, Communist leader of China
Explanation
This quote was used as a pretext for Mao to invite potential dissidents to come out
9.
"We cannot wait for governments to do it all. Globalization operates on Internet time. Governments tend to be slow moving by nature, because they have to build political support for every step." "We have the means and the capacity to deal with our problems, if only we can find the political will."
Correct Answer
A. Kofi Annan, former UN Secretary General
Explanation
Kofi Annan, former UN Secretary General, is the correct answer because the quote emphasizes the need for action and the belief that individuals have the ability to address global issues. It suggests that waiting for governments to take action is not enough, as globalization operates at a faster pace. Governments, due to their bureaucratic nature, tend to be slow in making decisions and require political support for every step. Therefore, the quote highlights the importance of political will and the capacity of individuals to address problems.
10.
.. the mass of the people ought to be sovereign, rather than the best of few...
But it is not at all certain that this superiority of the many over the sound few is possible in the case of every people and every large number. There are some whom it would be impossible: otherwise the theory would apply to wild animals- and yet some men are hardly any better than wild animals.
To let them share in the highest offices is to take a risk; inevitably, their unjust standards will cause them to commit injustice, and their lack of judgement will lead them into error. On the other hand there is a risk in not giving them a share, and in their non participation, for when there are many who have no property and no honours they inevitably constitute a huge hostile element in the state...
Correct Answer
B. Aristotle
Explanation
Aristotle appears to be most in favour of the idea that power is best held by an outstandlingly good human backed by just laws