1.
The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 established the U.S. work week to be how long?
Correct Answer
B. 40 Hours
Explanation
The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938, a federal law in the United States, established the standard workweek as 40 hours. This legislation introduced regulations such as the minimum wage, overtime pay, recordkeeping, and child labor standards. The 40-hour workweek became a widely accepted standard, defining full-time employment in many industries. It aimed to protect workers by ensuring reasonable working hours and fair compensation for overtime work beyond the standard 40 hours.
2.
In the U.S. Federal government, what does the acronym EPA stand for?
Correct Answer
D. Environmental Protection Agency
Explanation
The acronym EPA stands for the Environmental Protection Agency in the U.S. Federal government. Established in 1970, the EPA is tasked with protecting human health and the environment by enforcing regulations passed by Congress. It conducts research, monitors environmental quality, sets standards for air and water quality, and manages programs addressing pollution prevention and cleanup. The agency plays a crucial role in safeguarding natural resources and ensuring compliance with environmental laws and regulations across the country.
3.
Who served as president of the Confederate States of America from 1861 through 1865?
Correct Answer
C. Jefferson Davis
Explanation
Jefferson Davis served as the president of the Confederate States of America from 1861 to 1865 during the American Civil War. A former U.S. Senator and Secretary of War, Davis was chosen as the president of the Confederacy after several Southern states seceded from the Union. He faced significant challenges during his presidency, including managing the Confederate war effort and grappling with internal divisions within the Confederacy. Davis's leadership symbolizes the era of Confederate secession and the Civil War.
4.
Who was the first woman appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court?
Correct Answer
A. Sandra Day O'Connor
Explanation
Sandra Day O'Connor was the first woman appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court. She was nominated by President Ronald Reagan in 1981 and served as an Associate Justice until her retirement in 2006. O'Connor's appointment was significant because it broke the gender barrier in the highest court of the United States, paving the way for more women to serve as justices. She was known for her pragmatic and moderate approach to decision-making, often being a key swing vote on important cases. O'Connor's tenure on the Supreme Court had a lasting impact on the legal landscape of the country.
5.
Which Wisconsin senator is associated with attacking people without sufficient proof?
Correct Answer
A. JosepH McCarthy
Explanation
Joseph McCarthy is associated with attacking people without sufficient proof because he led a campaign against alleged communists in the United States government during the 1950s. McCarthy made unsubstantiated claims and used aggressive tactics to accuse individuals of being communist sympathizers or spies, leading to widespread fear and paranoia known as the "Red Scare." His actions ultimately resulted in the violation of civil liberties and the destruction of many careers, even though most of his accusations were baseless.
6.
In 1874, a Thomas Nast illustration of what animal became symbol of the Republican Party?
Correct Answer
A. ElepHant
Explanation
In 1874, a Thomas Nast illustration of an elephant became the symbol of the Republican Party. This illustration, titled "The Third Term Panic," depicted a donkey (representing the Democratic Party) scaring away all the other animals, including a startled elephant. The image gained popularity and eventually the elephant became widely associated with the Republican Party.
7.
What should members of the military do during the playing of the U.S. national anthem?
Correct Answer
A. Salute
Explanation
During the playing of the U.S. national anthem, members of the military are expected to salute if they are in uniform. This is a sign of respect and a formal military protocol when the anthem is played. The salute is held from the first note of the anthem until the last note. Members of the military who are not in uniform are encouraged to stand at attention and place their right hand over their heart, similar to the protocol followed by civilians. Singing along, reciting it, or sitting down are not standard protocols for uniformed military personnel during the national anthem.
8.
Which common flower serves as the national flower of the United States?
Correct Answer
D. Rose
Explanation
The rose serves as the national flower of the United States because it is a widely recognized and cherished symbol of love, beauty, and patriotism. It has been associated with American culture and history for centuries, and is often used in ceremonies, celebrations, and official events. The rose's vibrant colors and pleasant fragrance make it a popular choice for gardens and floral arrangements, further solidifying its status as the national flower.
9.
Which phrase completes the U.S. Pledge of Allegiance?
Correct Answer
B. And Justice For All
Explanation
The phrase "And Justice For All" completes the U.S. Pledge of Allegiance. This phrase represents the principle of equality and fairness in the American justice system, emphasizing that everyone should be treated impartially and without discrimination. It reflects the values of the United States, promoting the idea that justice should be accessible and applicable to all individuals.
10.
What is the meaning of the U.S. motto, "E pluribus unum"?
Correct Answer
A. Out Of Many, One
Explanation
The U.S. motto, "E pluribus unum," means "Out of many, one." This phrase signifies the unity and diversity of the United States. It emphasizes that although the country is made up of individuals from various backgrounds and cultures, they come together as one nation. This motto reflects the principles of inclusivity and unity that are fundamental to the American identity.
11.
On which day, every four years, is Inauguration Day celebrated?
Correct Answer
B. January 20th
Explanation
Inauguration Day is celebrated every four years on January 20th. This is the day when the newly elected President of the United States is sworn into office and officially begins their term. The date was set by the 20th Amendment to the United States Constitution, which was ratified in 1933. Prior to this, Inauguration Day was held on March 4th. The change was made to shorten the period of time between the election and the inauguration, allowing for a smoother transition of power.
12.
Which American holiday is celebrated on the last Monday in May?
Correct Answer
C. Memorial Day
Explanation
Memorial Day is the correct answer because it is an American holiday that is celebrated on the last Monday in May. It is a day to honor and remember the men and women who have died while serving in the United States Armed Forces. It is a time for Americans to reflect on the sacrifices made by these individuals and to pay tribute to their memory. Many people visit cemeteries, attend parades, and participate in other commemorative events on this day.
13.
How many columns are there on the facade of the Lincoln Memorial?
Correct Answer
C. Thirty six
Explanation
The Lincoln Memorial features thirty-six columns on its facade, representing the number of states in the Union at the time of Abraham Lincoln's death in 1865. These columns serve as a symbolic tribute to the unity of the nation during Lincoln's presidency and his efforts to preserve the Union during the American Civil War. The grandeur and architectural significance of these columns contribute to the iconic and solemn atmosphere of the memorial.
14.
Which U.S. building is featured on both the penny and the five dollar bill?
Correct Answer
D. Lincoln Memorial
Explanation
The Lincoln Memorial is featured on both the penny and the five dollar bill in the United States. The penny, specifically the Lincoln cent, depicts the Lincoln Memorial on the reverse side, while the five dollar bill prominently displays an image of the Lincoln Memorial on the back. These depictions honor President Abraham Lincoln and the enduring legacy of his leadership and contributions to the nation.
15.
Which animal is featured on the early American "Don't Tread on Me" flag?
Correct Answer
C. Rattlesnake
Explanation
The correct answer is "Rattlesnake." The early American "Don't Tread on Me" flag featured a rattlesnake. The flag was designed during the American Revolution and symbolized the spirit of resistance against British rule. The rattlesnake was chosen because it was native to America and known for its defensive nature. The phrase "Don't Tread on Me" represented the sentiment of not allowing others to take advantage or oppress the American people.