1.
Who became the first teacher-astronaut, flying on the ill-fated 1986 Challenger mission?
Correct Answer
B. Christa McAuliffe
Explanation
Christa McAuliffe became the first teacher-astronaut to fly on the ill-fated 1986 Challenger mission. She was selected from over 11,000 applicants to participate in NASA's Teacher in Space Project. McAuliffe's goal was to teach lessons from space and inspire students around the world. However, tragically, the Challenger exploded shortly after liftoff, resulting in the loss of all crew members, including McAuliffe. Her legacy continues to inspire and her dedication to education and space exploration is remembered.
2.
What teacher's 1925 trial for teaching evolution was fictionalized in the play "Inherit the Wind"?
Correct Answer
A. John Scopes
Explanation
John Scopes is the correct answer because he was the teacher who was put on trial in 1925 for teaching evolution in the famous "Scopes Monkey Trial." This trial, which took place in Tennessee, gained national attention and became a symbol of the conflict between science and religion. The play "Inherit the Wind" was based on this trial, fictionalizing the events and characters involved. Edward Plessy, Franklin Brown, and Leon Czolgosz are not relevant to this question and do not have any connection to the trial or the play.
3.
What French psychologist was instrumental in popularizing the IQ test?
Correct Answer
A. Alfred Binet
Explanation
Alfred Binet was a French psychologist who played a crucial role in popularizing the IQ test. He developed the first modern intelligence test, known as the Binet-Simon scale, in the early 20th century. Binet's test aimed to measure a person's mental age and compare it to their chronological age, providing a quantitative assessment of intelligence. His work laid the foundation for future developments in intelligence testing and had a significant impact on the field of psychology.
4.
What school was the first to be a college specifically for deaf students?
Correct Answer
D. Gallaudet University
Explanation
Gallaudet University was the first college specifically established for deaf students. It was founded in 1864 by Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and Edward Miner Gallaudet. The university offers a wide range of programs and services for deaf and hard-of-hearing students, including American Sign Language (ASL) as the primary language of instruction. Gallaudet University has played a significant role in advancing deaf education and promoting deaf culture.
5.
The SAT was developed based on what earlier test?
Correct Answer
B. Army AlpHa
Explanation
The correct answer is Army Alpha. The SAT was developed based on the Army Alpha test, which was administered to soldiers during World War I to measure their intellectual abilities. The Army Alpha test was designed to assess verbal and mathematical skills, and it served as a model for the development of the SAT. The SAT was originally created to provide a standardized measure of students' readiness for college and has since become a widely used college admissions test.
6.
What German-originated learning theory focuses on understanding the totality of an idea?
Correct Answer
A. Gestalt
Explanation
Gestalt is a German-originated learning theory that focuses on understanding the totality of an idea. It emphasizes the importance of perceiving and interpreting information as a whole rather than focusing on individual parts. This theory suggests that our minds naturally organize information into patterns and structures, allowing us to make sense of the world around us. In the context of learning, Gestalt theory suggests that learners should be presented with complete and meaningful information to facilitate comprehension and retention.
7.
What was the first higher-education institution to open in the European North American colonies?
Correct Answer
A. Harvard University
Explanation
Harvard University was the first higher-education institution to open in the European North American colonies. It was founded in 1636 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, making it the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. Harvard played a crucial role in shaping the educational landscape of the colonies and became a model for future universities. Its establishment marked the beginning of a tradition of higher education in North America, making it the correct answer to the question.
8.
What U.S. state was the first to have a law requiring school attendance for children?
Correct Answer
B. Massachusetts
Explanation
Massachusetts was the first U.S. state to have a law requiring school attendance for children. This law, known as the Massachusetts Education Act of 1647, mandated that towns with 50 or more households hire a teacher and establish a grammar school. It was the first step towards compulsory education in the United States and set the precedent for other states to follow.
9.
What teaching method developed by an Italian physician stresses the natural interests of children?
Correct Answer
A. Montessori
Explanation
Montessori is a teaching method developed by an Italian physician that emphasizes the natural interests of children. This approach encourages self-directed learning and hands-on activities, allowing children to explore and discover at their own pace. It is based on the belief that children learn best when they are actively engaged and interested in the subject matter. The Montessori method promotes independence, critical thinking, and a love for learning in children.
10.
What Swiss thinker divided intellectual development into four stages, starting with sensorimotor?
Correct Answer
B. Jean Piaget
Explanation
Jean Piaget is the correct answer because he was a Swiss thinker who developed a theory of cognitive development. According to Piaget, intellectual development occurs in four stages, beginning with the sensorimotor stage. This stage is characterized by the child's interaction with the environment through their senses and motor actions. Piaget's work has had a significant impact on the field of psychology and education, as it provides insights into how children learn and develop their thinking abilities.
11.
Who wrote an "Essay Concerning Human Understanding" describing the human mind a blank slate?
Correct Answer
D. John Locke
Explanation
John Locke wrote an "Essay Concerning Human Understanding" in which he described the human mind as a blank slate. This theory, known as tabula rasa, suggests that individuals are born without innate knowledge or ideas, and that their knowledge and understanding are acquired through experience and perception. Locke's work had a significant influence on the fields of philosophy and psychology, shaping the understanding of human cognition and the development of ideas.
12.
Whose "eclectic readers" became standard schoolbooks in many 19th century states?
Correct Answer
B. William Holmes McGuffey's
Explanation
William Holmes McGuffey's "eclectic readers" became standard schoolbooks in many 19th century states. These readers were a series of textbooks that were widely used in American schools during that time. McGuffey's readers were known for their diverse and varied content, covering a wide range of subjects and literature. They were highly influential in shaping the education system and curriculum of that era, making them a standard choice for schools across many states.
13.
Federal troops helped enforce the integration of what city's Central High School in 1957?
Correct Answer
C. Little Rock, AR
Explanation
In 1957, federal troops were deployed to Little Rock, Arkansas to enforce the integration of Central High School. This action was taken in response to the resistance and violence faced by African American students attempting to attend the previously all-white school. The presence of federal troops ensured the safety and protection of the African American students, allowing them to exercise their right to an equal education.