1.
Complete with third conditional
If you hadn't been late, we ________ (not/miss) the bus.
Explanation
The given sentence is an example of the third conditional, which is used to talk about hypothetical situations in the past. In this case, the sentence suggests that the person being late in the past caused them to miss the bus. The correct answer "wouldn't have missed" accurately completes the sentence by expressing the result of the hypothetical situation.
2.
Complete with the Third Conditional
If she ________ (study), she would have passed the exam.
Explanation
The correct answer is "had studied" because it correctly completes the third conditional sentence. The third conditional is used to talk about a hypothetical situation in the past and its imaginary result. In this case, the hypothetical situation is that she didn't study for the exam, and the imaginary result is that she didn't pass the exam. Therefore, the correct form of the verb "study" in this context is "had studied."
3.
Complete with Third Conditional
We wouldn't have got married if we ________ (not go) to the same university.
Explanation
The correct answer is "hadn't gone." This is because the third conditional is used to talk about hypothetical situations in the past, where the result is dependent on a condition that did not happen. In this case, the condition is "not going to the same university," and the result is "not getting married." Therefore, the correct form of the verb is "hadn't gone," indicating that they did go to the same university and as a result, they did get married.
4.
Complete with Third Conditional
I ________ (call) if I hadn't forgotten my phone at home.
Explanation
The sentence is in the third conditional form, which is used to talk about a hypothetical situation in the past and its imaginary result. In this case, the speaker is saying that they didn't call because they forgot their phone at home. The correct answer "would have called" is the past perfect form of "call" in the third conditional, indicating that if the speaker had not forgotten their phone, they would have made a call.
5.
Complete with Mixed Conditionals
They ________ (be) late if they hadn't taken a taxi to come here.
Explanation
The correct answer is "would be." This is because the sentence is using a mixed conditional, which combines elements of the second and third conditionals. The use of "hadn't taken" suggests a past unreal condition, indicating that they did take a taxi. The result of this condition is expressed in the second part of the sentence with "would be late," indicating that if they had not taken a taxi, they would currently be late.
6.
Complete with Mixed Conditionals
He would be in time if he ________ (leave) home earlier.
Explanation
The correct answer is "had left". This is because the sentence is referring to a hypothetical situation in the past. The use of "if" indicates a conditional statement, and the past perfect tense "had left" is used to express an action that should have happened before another past action (being in time). Therefore, if he had left home earlier, he would have been in time.
7.
Complete with Mixed Conditionals
If you ________ (not be) so lazy, you would have passed the exam.
Explanation
The correct answer is "weren't." This is because the sentence is using a mixed conditional structure to express a hypothetical situation in the past. The speaker is suggesting that if the person had not been lazy in the past, they would have passed the exam.
8.
Complete with Mixed Conditionals
If you weren't so stubborn, you ________ (listen) to your father advices and go to college.
Explanation
The correct answer is "would have listened." This is a mixed conditional construction, which is used to express a hypothetical situation in the past. The if clause "If you weren't so stubborn" is in the past simple tense, indicating an unreal condition. The main clause "you would have listened to your father's advice and go to college" is in the past perfect tense, indicating the unreal result of the hypothetical situation. It suggests that the person's stubbornness prevented them from following their father's advice and going to college.
9.
Complete with the correct conditional (I-II-III)
If it ________ (not rain), we'd be in the garden.
Explanation
The correct answer is "didn't rain." This is because the sentence is expressing a hypothetical situation using the second conditional. The use of "if" indicates that the statement is conditional, and the verb "didn't rain" is the correct form to use in this context. It suggests that if it does not rain, the speaker and others would be in the garden.
10.
Complete with the correct conditional (I-II-III)
Lisa would find the milk if she ________ (look) in the fridge
Explanation
If Lisa looked in the fridge, she would find the milk. The correct conditional to use in this sentence is the second conditional, which is used to talk about hypothetical or unreal situations in the present or future. In this case, the condition is Lisa looking in the fridge, and the result is her finding the milk.
11.
Complete with the correct conditional (I-II-III)
If you spoke louder, your classmates ________ (understand) you.
Explanation
The correct answer is "would understand" because the sentence is expressing a hypothetical situation in the present. It is suggesting that if the person spoke louder, their classmates would be able to understand them. The use of "would" in the conditional form indicates that this is a hypothetical or unreal situation.
12.
Complete with the correct conditional (I-II-III)
If I ________ (be) stronger, I'd help you carry the piano.
Explanation
The correct answer is "were." In this sentence, the speaker is using the second conditional to express a hypothetical situation. They are imagining a scenario where they are stronger, and in that case, they would be able to help carry the piano. The verb "were" is used instead of "am" or "is" because it is the correct form of the verb "to be" for the subjunctive mood in the past tense.
13.
Complete with the correct conditional (I-II-III)
We ________ (watch) TV tonight if Peter hadn't bought the theatre tickets.
Explanation
The correct answer is "would have watched." This is because the sentence is talking about a hypothetical situation in the past. The use of "if" indicates that the condition is not true, meaning Peter did buy the theatre tickets. Therefore, the correct conditional to use is the third conditional, which is formed by combining "would" + "have" + past participle verb. In this case, the verb is "watched."
14.
Complete with the correct conditional (I-II-III)
You would save energy if you ________ (switch off) the lights more often.
Explanation
The correct answer is "switched off" because using the past tense of the verb "switch off" in the conditional sentence "You would save energy if you switched off the lights more often" implies a hypothetical situation. It suggests that if someone were to turn off the lights more frequently, they would be able to conserve energy.
15.
Complete with the correct conditional (I-II-III)
The door will unlock if you ________ (press)the green button.
Explanation
The correct answer is "press" because the sentence is in the present simple tense and the conditional "if" is used to express a condition that needs to be fulfilled in order for the door to unlock. Therefore, the door will unlock only if someone presses the green button.
16.
Complete with the correct conditional (I-II-III)
He would have repaired the car himself if he ________ (have) the tools to do it.
Explanation
The correct answer is "had had". In this sentence, the speaker is talking about a past unreal condition. They are saying that if he had the tools in the past, he would have repaired the car himself. The use of "had had" in the conditional clause indicates that the tools were not available to him in the past.
17.
Complete with the correct conditional (I-II-III)
I ________ (call) the office if I was/were you.
Explanation
The correct answer is "would call." In this conditional sentence, we are discussing a hypothetical situation where the speaker is advising someone else on what they should do. The use of "were" is not appropriate in this case because it is used for unreal or unlikely situations in the present or future. "Would call" is the correct form to express the speaker's recommendation in this hypothetical scenario.
18.
Complete with the correct conditional (I-II-III)
If you ________ (swim) in this lake, you'll shiver from cold.
Explanation
This question is asking for the correct conditional to complete the sentence. The correct answer is "If you swim in this lake, you'll shiver from cold." This is because the sentence is discussing a hypothetical situation (swimming in the lake) and the result or consequence that would occur (shivering from cold). The conditional "If...then" structure is used to express this cause and effect relationship.
19.
James is always lazy. He failed a test last week.
Correct Answer
B. If you weren’t so lazy, you would have passed that test.
Explanation
The correct answer is "If you weren't so lazy, you would have passed that test." This answer is correct because the sentence is referring to a past event (failing the test last week) and the condition (not being lazy) is also in the past. The correct verb tense to use in this case is the past perfect tense ("would have passed") to indicate that the action of passing the test should have happened in the past if the person hadn't been lazy.
20.
Which sentence is correct?
Correct Answer
A. If you had remembered to bring a map, we wouldn’t be lost now.
Explanation
The correct answer is "If you had remembered to bring a map, we wouldn't be lost now." This sentence is correct because it uses the correct verb tense (past perfect) to express a hypothetical situation in the past. The use of "had remembered" indicates that the action of remembering to bring a map should have happened before the current time (now), and the result of not being lost would have occurred.
21.
Paul drove too fast. Now he’s in trouble with the police.
Correct Answer
B. If Paul hadn’t driven too fast, he wouldn’t be in trouble with the police.
Explanation
The correct answer is "If Paul hadn't driven too fast, he wouldn't be in trouble with the police." This is the correct answer because it uses the correct verb tense (past perfect) to indicate that the action of driving too fast (which happened in the past) would have prevented the consequence of being in trouble with the police (which is in the present).
22.
I don’t have a degree, that’s why I didn’t get the job.
Correct Answer
C. If I had a degree, I would have got that job.
Explanation
The correct answer is "If I had a degree, I would have got that job." This answer is correct because it uses the correct verb tense and conditional structure to express a hypothetical situation in the past. The sentence implies that not having a degree was the reason for not getting the job, and it suggests that if the person had a degree, they would have been able to secure the job.
23.
You didn’t fix the roof. Now it’s leaking.
Correct Answer
B. If you’d fixed the roof, it wouldn’t be leaking.
Explanation
The correct answer is "If you'd fixed the roof, it wouldn't be leaking." This answer is correct because it uses the correct conditional structure to express a hypothetical situation in the present. The phrase "If you'd fixed the roof" indicates a past unrealized action, and the phrase "it wouldn't be leaking" shows the consequence of that action in the present.
24.
Complete with gerund OR to + infinitive.
My friend insisted on ________ (pay) for the cinema tickets
Correct Answer
paying
Explanation
In this sentence, the verb "insisted" is followed by the preposition "on" and the gerund form of the verb "pay". This construction is used to express that someone strongly and firmly requested or demanded something. Therefore, the correct answer is "paying".
25.
Complete with gerund OR to + infinitive.
Adam hopes ________ (get) to London at 9:00am
Correct Answer
to get
Explanation
The verb "hopes" is followed by the phrase "to get" because it indicates Adam's desire or intention to reach London at 9:00am. In this case, "to get" is used as an infinitive form of the verb "get" to show the purpose or goal of Adam's hope.
26.
Complete with gerund OR to + infinitive.
I didn’t expect ________ (enjoy) the film that much.
Correct Answer
to enjoy
Explanation
The correct answer is "to enjoy" because the phrase "didn't expect" suggests that the speaker had low expectations for enjoying the film. Using the infinitive form "to enjoy" after "didn't expect" indicates that the speaker was surprised by how much they actually enjoyed the film.
27.
Complete with gerund OR to + infinitive.
Let’s watch a film at home tonight instead of ________ (go) to the cinema.
Correct Answer
going
Explanation
The correct answer is "going" because it is used as a gerund in this sentence. The sentence is suggesting that instead of going to the cinema, the speaker wants to watch a film at home. The gerund form of the verb "go" is used to indicate an action or activity.
28.
Complete with gerund OR to + infinitive.
Did you manage ________ (finish) writing your report?
Correct Answer
to finish
Explanation
The phrase "did you manage" implies that the speaker is asking if the person was able to successfully complete the task of writing their report. The use of "to finish" after "manage" indicates that the speaker is expecting the person to have completed the action of writing their report. Therefore, the correct answer is "to finish."
29.
Complete with gerund OR to + infinitive.
The guilty man denied ________ (kill) his boss.
Correct Answer
killing
Explanation
The correct answer is "killing." In this sentence, the word "denied" indicates that the guilty man is refusing or contradicting the accusation of killing his boss. The use of the gerund form "killing" is appropriate because it functions as the object of the verb "denied." It shows that the guilty man is denying the act of killing his boss.
30.
Complete with gerund OR to + infinitive.
Ingrid can’t afford ________ (buy) a new car.
Correct Answer
to buy
Explanation
Ingrid cannot afford to buy a new car because she does not have enough money to make the purchase. The phrase "to buy" indicates the action that Ingrid is unable to afford, which is the act of purchasing a new car.
31.
Complete with gerund OR to + infinitive.
I offered myself ________ (pay) for dinner.
Correct Answer
to pay
Explanation
In this sentence, the verb "offered" is followed by the pronoun "myself" and the preposition "to." When using the verb "offer" in this context, it is followed by "to + infinitive." Therefore, the correct answer is "to pay."
32.
Complete with gerund OR to + infinitive.
I imagine ________ (play) for a first division team must be exciting.
Correct Answer
playing
Explanation
The correct answer is "playing." In this sentence, "playing" is used as a gerund, which functions as a noun. The phrase "playing for a first division team" is the subject of the sentence and is the thing that the speaker imagines. It suggests that the speaker believes that being a player for a first division team would be an exciting experience.
33.
Complete with to+infinitive OR infinitive
Whenever I’m too tired ________ (go) out, I stay at home and read magazines.
Correct Answer
to go
Explanation
The correct answer is "to go" because it follows the structure "too + adjective + infinitive" which is used to express that the subject is too tired to do something. In this case, the subject is too tired to go out, so they stay at home and read magazines instead.
34.
Complete with to+infinitive OR infinitive
I was surprised ________ (see) Sherry at the restaurant last night.
Correct Answer
to see
Explanation
The correct answer is "to see" because the sentence is expressing surprise at the action of seeing Sherry at the restaurant. The verb "see" is followed by the infinitive "to" to indicate the purpose or intention of the action.
35.
Complete with to+infinitive OR infinitive
Steven left his project at home and Mr Miles made him ________ (go) home to get it.
Correct Answer
go
Explanation
Mr. Miles made Steven go home to get his project because he had left it at home.
36.
Complete with to+infinitive OR infinitive
We arranged ________ (visit) the National Gallery in the afternoon, but we didn’t have enough time to see everything. It closed early.
Correct Answer
to visit
Explanation
The correct answer is "to visit" because the sentence is expressing the intention or purpose of arranging something. In this case, the intention was to visit the National Gallery in the afternoon.
37.
Complete with to+infinitive OR infinitive
It’s very relaxing to listen to the radio while driving. You must ________ (try) it.
Correct Answer
try
Explanation
The correct answer is "try" because the sentence is suggesting that the person should attempt or experience listening to the radio while driving, as it is a very relaxing activity.
38.
Complete with to+infinitive OR infinitive
It was great ________ (hear) from you again!
Correct Answer
to hear
Explanation
The correct answer is "to hear." In this sentence, the verb "hear" is used in the infinitive form after the preposition "to." The phrase "to hear from you again" indicates that the speaker is pleased or excited about receiving communication from the person they are addressing.
39.
Complete with to+infinitive OR infinitive
My dad went to the doctor ________ (have) a surgery.
Correct Answer
to have
Explanation
The blank should be filled with "to have" because it indicates the purpose or intention of why the dad went to the doctor. In this case, the dad went to the doctor with the intention of having a surgery.
40.
Complete with to+infinitive OR infinitive
Young children shouldn’t ________ (watch) TV all day.
Correct Answer
watch
Explanation
Young children shouldn't watch TV all day because excessive screen time can negatively impact their development and well-being. It is important for young children to engage in a variety of activities that promote physical, cognitive, and social growth. Spending too much time watching TV can hinder their ability to interact with others, limit their physical activity, and impede their learning and creativity. Therefore, it is advisable for young children to limit their TV viewing and engage in more balanced and enriching activities.
41.
Complete with to+infinitive OR infinitive
It is very difficult ________ (learn) English
Correct Answer
to learn
Explanation
Learning English is a challenging task.
42.
Complete with "Age Vocabulary"
He’s such an immature, he doesn’t ________. (Behave in a more adult way).
Correct Answer
act his age
Explanation
The phrase "act his age" means to behave in a more mature and responsible manner that is expected of someone of his age. In this context, the person being referred to is described as immature, indicating that he does not behave in a way that is appropriate for his age.
43.
Complete with "Age Vocabulary"
The film wasn’t ________. She couldn’t see the movie (not appropriate for the age)
Correct Answer
for her age
Explanation
The film wasn't suitable for her age. She couldn't see the movie because it was not appropriate for her age.
44.
Complete with "Age Vocabulary"
When Carles Puyol was in ________ he was the best defender. At least for me. (be in the best period of his life)
Correct Answer
his prime
Explanation
"His prime" refers to the period of time when someone is at their peak or in the best stage of their life or career. In this context, it means that Carles Puyol was at the peak of his abilities and considered the best defender during that time.
45.
Complete with "Optimism and Pessimism Vocabulary"
The business is ________, but in general is achieving very positive outcomes. (Situation in which has good and bad moments)
Correct Answer
having ups and downs
Explanation
The phrase "having ups and downs" accurately describes a situation in which there are both good and bad moments. In the context of the business mentioned, it means that there are periods of success and prosperity, as well as periods of challenges and setbacks. Despite these fluctuations, the business is overall achieving positive outcomes, indicating that it is able to navigate through the ups and downs successfully.
46.
"Optimism and Pessimism Vocabulary"
My brother is really ________ (feeling good about the future) to start studying his new football management career, because he was feeling so cynical (pessimistic) in his last job.
Correct Answer
looking forward
Explanation
The correct answer is "looking forward". This word is used to describe the feeling of anticipation and excitement about the future. In the given context, the brother is described as feeling good about starting his new football management career, which implies that he is looking forward to it. The word choice is appropriate because it contrasts with the previous feeling of cynicism and pessimism in his last job.
47.
"Optimism and Pessimism Vocabulary"
Laura is looking ________. She knows that at the end everything will be fine. (feel hopeful)
Correct Answer
at the bright side
Explanation
The phrase "at the bright side" is commonly used to express optimism or a positive outlook. In this context, Laura is described as feeling hopeful and believing that everything will turn out fine in the end. This aligns with the meaning of "at the bright side," indicating that Laura is focusing on the positive aspects of the situation rather than dwelling on any potential negatives.
48.
Complete with "Compound Nouns"
The system in the bank suffered a ________. It seem like they hacked it. (failure of a system)
Correct Answer
breakdown
Explanation
The sentence states that the system in the bank suffered a [Blank], and it seems like they hacked it. The word "breakdown" fits perfectly in this context as it refers to a failure of a system. Therefore, it can be inferred that the correct answer is "breakdown."
49.
Complete with "Compound Nouns"
The success in my business is the ________ of all the big effort I put on it. (the result)
Correct Answer
outcome
Explanation
The word "outcome" fits in the blank because it refers to the result or consequence of the big effort put into the business. It indicates that the success achieved is directly linked to the hard work and dedication put into the business.
50.
Complete with "Compound Nouns"
The economical ________ is quite positive for the next 2 years. We shouldn’t be worried. (expectations)
Correct Answer
outlook
Explanation
The word "outlook" fits in the blank because it refers to the anticipated or expected future state or condition of something, in this case, the economy. The sentence suggests that the outlook for the economy is positive for the next 2 years, indicating that there is no need to worry.