Exam Review Unit 1 Cardiopulmonary A&p Of Resp System
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Cardiopulmonary A&P Chapter 1
- 1.
Which of the following are primary components of the upper airway?
- A.
Nose, oral cavity, pharynx
- B.
Larynx, trachea, and bronchi
- C.
Nose, oral cavity, larynx and trachea
- D.
Nose, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and trachea
Correct Answer
A. Nose, oral cavity, pHarynxExplanation
The nose, oral cavity, and pharynx are the primary structures that compose the upper airwayRate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the nose?
- A.
Humidfy inspired gas
- B.
Conduct gas and food to lower airway
- C.
Filter the inspired gas
- D.
Warm the inspired gas
Correct Answer
B. Conduct gas and food to lower airwayExplanation
The nose humdifies, warms, and filters the inspired gas, not food to the lower airwayRate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following are functions of the upper airway? I. Conduction of gas to lower airway II. Prevent foreign materials from entering lower airway III. Warm, filter, and humidify inspired gas IV Aid in speech and smell
- A.
I, II, III, and IV
- B.
I, III, and IV only
- C.
I, II, and III only
- D.
I, II, and IV only
Correct Answer
A. I, II, III, and IVExplanation
The upper airway performs all of the listed functionsRate this question:
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- 4.
Which structures form the upper third of the nose? I. Nasal bones II. Frontal process of maxilla III. Lateral nasal cartilage IV. Greater alar cartilage
- A.
I, II, III and IV
- B.
I, and II only
- C.
II, III, IV
- D.
II and IV only
- E.
I, III, IV
Correct Answer
B. I, and II onlyExplanation
The upper third of the nose is composed of the nasal bones and frontal process of the maxilla.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which structure form the lower two-thirds of the nose? I. Lateral nasal cartilage II. Lesser and greater alar cartilages III. Septal cartilage IV. Fibrous fatty tissue
- A.
I, II, and III only
- B.
I, III, and IV only
- C.
I, II, III, and IV
- D.
I, II, and IV only
Correct Answer
C. I, II, III, and IVExplanation
All of the listed structures compose the lower two-thirds of the noseRate this question:
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- 6.
What is the term for widening of the nostrils that can occur during respiratory distress?
- A.
Grunting
- B.
Retractions
- C.
Alar collapse
- D.
Nasal flaring
Correct Answer
D. Nasal flaringExplanation
Nasal flaring is the term for the widening of the nostrils, especially seen in respiratory distress in newbornsRate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following structures form the anterior nasal septum?
- A.
Septal cartilage
- B.
Vomer
- C.
Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
- D.
Frontal process of maxilla
Correct Answer
A. Septal cartilageExplanation
The anterior portion of the nasal septum if formed by the septal cartilageRate this question:
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- 8.
The lymphatic channels are larger and more numerous in what location?
- A.
Upper lobes
- B.
Right lower lobe
- C.
Left lower lobe
- D.
Middle lobes
Correct Answer
B. Right lower lobeExplanation
The lymphatic channels on the left lower lobe are more numerous and larger in diameter than the lymphatic vessels on the surface of the right lower lobe.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What is the term for the openings created by the alae nasi and septal cartilage?
- A.
Nares
- B.
Glottis
- C.
Vestibule
- D.
Choana
Correct Answer
A. NaresExplanation
The nares or nostrils are the openings formed by the alae nasi and septal cartilage.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What type of epithelium lines the anterior third of the nasal cavity?
- A.
Cuboidal
- B.
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
- C.
Stratified squamous
- D.
Pseudostratified ciliated squamous
Correct Answer
C. Stratified squamousExplanation
The anterior third of the nasal cavity is lined with stratified squamous epithelium.Rate this question:
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- 11.
In which structure would vibrissae normally be found?
- A.
Oropharynx
- B.
Laryngopharynx
- C.
Nasal cavity
- D.
Trachea
Correct Answer
C. Nasal cavityExplanation
Vibrissae are normally found in the vestibule of the nasal cavity.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What is the submucosal layer of the tracheobronchial tree?
- A.
Lamina propria
- B.
Cartilaginous layer
- C.
Epithelial lining
- D.
Mucous blanket
Correct Answer
A. Lamina propriaExplanation
The lamina propria is the submucosal layer of the tracheobronchial tree.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is another term for conchae?
- A.
Alae
- B.
Choana
- C.
Vestibule
- D.
Turbinates
Correct Answer
D. TurbinatesExplanation
The conchae in the nasal cavity are also called nasal turninates.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Where is the olfactory region located in the nasal cavity?
- A.
Choana
- B.
Vestibule
- C.
Superior and middle turbinates
- D.
Middle and inferior turbinates
Correct Answer
C. Superior and middle turbinatesExplanation
The olfactory region is located near the superior and middle turbinates.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following sinuses are considered to be paranasal sinuses? I. Maxillary II. Frontal III. Ethmoid IV. Sphenoid
- A.
I, II, III, and IV
- B.
I, III, and IV only
- C.
I, II, and III only
- D.
I, II, and IV only
Correct Answer
A. I, II, III, and IVExplanation
The paranasal sinuses include the maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What effect, if any, would be expected from the topical application of phenylephrine on the nasal mucosa?
- A.
Vasoconstriction
- B.
Vasodilation
- C.
No known effect
- D.
Bronchospasm
Correct Answer
A. VasoconstrictionExplanation
When phenylephrine is applied to the nasal mucosa, vasoconstriction should occur.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Among pediatric patients, in which age range is epistaxis most prevalent?
- A.
10-14 years
- B.
2-10 years
- C.
8-16 years
- D.
Newborn-2 years
Correct Answer
B. 2-10 yearsExplanation
In pediatric patients, nosebleeds are most prevalent among the 2-10 year olds.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Approximately what portion of the sense of taste is reliant upon the sense of smell?
- A.
60%
- B.
80%
- C.
40%
- D.
20%
Correct Answer
B. 80%Explanation
approximately 80% of the sense of taste is reliant upon the sense of smell.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following can cause sinusitis? I. Upper respiratory infection II. Dental infection III. Air travel IV. Scuba diving
- A.
I, II, III, and IV
- B.
I, III, and IV only
- C.
I, II, and III only
- D.
I, II, and IV only
Correct Answer
A. I, II, III, and IVExplanation
All of the listed factors can cause sinusitisRate this question:
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- 20.
In the oral cavity, what is the term for the space between the teeth and lips?
- A.
Vibrissae
- B.
Ventricle
- C.
Vallecula
- D.
Vestibule
Correct Answer
D. VestibuleExplanation
The space between the teeth and lips is called the vestibule.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What is the name of the structure that secures the tongue to the floor of the mouth?
- A.
Uvula
- B.
Extrinsic lingual muscles
- C.
Instrinsic lingual muscles
- D.
Lingual frenulum
Correct Answer
D. Lingual frenulumExplanation
The lingual frenulum secures the tongue to the floor of the mouth.Rate this question:
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- 22.
How many ribs are identified as true ribs, attached directly to the sternum?
- A.
Seven
- B.
Eight
- C.
Four
- D.
Six
Correct Answer
A. SevenExplanation
The first seven ribs are referred to as true ribs.Rate this question:
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- 23.
To what structure is the uvula attached?
- A.
Hard palate
- B.
Palatopharyngeal arch
- C.
Palatoglossal arch
- D.
Soft palate
Correct Answer
D. Soft palateExplanation
The uvula is attached to the soft palate.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What is another name for the palatine tonsils?
- A.
Adenoids
- B.
Faucial
- C.
Lingual
- D.
Pharyngeal
Correct Answer
B. FaucialExplanation
The palatine tonsils are also called faucial tonsils.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which structure extends from the posterior nares to the superior portion of the soft palate?
- A.
Oropharynx
- B.
Palatine tonsils
- C.
Nasopharynx
- D.
Tongue
Correct Answer
C. NasopHarynxExplanation
The nasopharynx extends from the posterior portion of the nasal cavity to the superior portion of the soft palate.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Which epithelium is present in the nasopharynx?
- A.
Pseudostratified squamous
- B.
Stratified squamous
- C.
Cuboidal
- D.
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
Correct Answer
D. Pseudostratified ciliated columnarExplanation
The nasopharynx is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.Rate this question:
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- 27.
What is another name for pharyngeal tonsils?
- A.
Palatine tonsils
- B.
Lingual tonsils
- C.
Faucial tonsils
- D.
Adenoids
Correct Answer
D. AdenoidsExplanation
The pharyngeal tonsils are also called adenoidsRate this question:
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- 28.
What is another name for the pharyngotympanic tubes?
- A.
Adenoids
- B.
Conchae
- C.
Auditory
- D.
Faucial
Correct Answer
C. AuditoryExplanation
The pharyngotympanic tubes are also called auditory tubes.Rate this question:
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- 29.
What is the most frequent cause of hearing loss in young children?
- A.
Tonsillitis
- B.
Pharyngitis
- C.
Sinusitis
- D.
Otitis media
Correct Answer
D. Otitis mediaExplanation
Otitis media is the most frequent cause of hearing loss in young children.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Which structure extends from the soft palate to the base of the tongue?
- A.
Nasopharynx
- B.
Oropharynx
- C.
Uvula
- D.
Laryngopharynx
Correct Answer
B. OropHarynxExplanation
The oropharynx extends from the soft palate to the base of the tongue.Rate this question:
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- 31.
What type of epithelium is found in the oropharynx?
- A.
Stratified squamous
- B.
Pseudostratified squamous
- C.
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
- D.
Cuboidal
Correct Answer
A. Stratified squamousExplanation
The oropharynx is lined with stratified squamous epithelium.Rate this question:
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- 32.
What structure is located between the glossoepiglottic folds in the posterior oropharynx?
- A.
Vallecula epiglottica
- B.
Lingual tonsils
- C.
Rima glottidis
- D.
Option 4
- E.
Palatine tonsils
Correct Answer
A. Vallecula epiglotticaExplanation
The vallecula epiglottica is located between the glossoepiglottic folds in the posterior oropharynx.Rate this question:
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- 33.
What spoon-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure covers the opening of the larynx during swallowing?
- A.
Vocal folds
- B.
Base of the tongue
- C.
Vallecula
- D.
Epiglottis
Correct Answer
D. EpiglottisExplanation
The epiglottis is a broad, spoon-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure that prevents the aspiration of foods and liquids by covering the opening of the larynx during swallowing.Rate this question:
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- 34.
What is a common site for misplacement of endotracheal tubes during emergency intubation?
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Left mainstem bronchus
- C.
Esophagus
- D.
Left upper lobar bronchus
Correct Answer
C. EsopHagusExplanation
During emergency intubation, the endotracheal tube could be misplaced into the esophagusRate this question:
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- 35.
Which structure extends from the base of the tongue to the upper end of the trachea?
- A.
Laryngopharynx
- B.
Thyroid gland
- C.
Larynx
- D.
Rima glottidis
Correct Answer
C. LarynxExplanation
The larynx extends from the base of the tongue to the trachea.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Which of the following are functions of the larynx? I. Passageway for gas II. Protects against aspiration III. Generation of sounds for speech IV. Warming and filtration of inspired gas
- A.
I, II, III, and IV
- B.
I, III, and IV only
- C.
I, II, and III only
- D.
I, II, and IV only
Correct Answer
C. I, II, and III onlyExplanation
The larynx conducts gas between the phaynx and trachea, protects against aspiration, and generates sound for speech.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Which of the cartilages of the larynx are unpaired?
- A.
Thyroid, epiglottis, and arytenoid
- B.
Artyenoid, cuneiform, and corniculate
- C.
Thyroid, cricoid, and cuneiform
- D.
Thyroid, epiglottis, and cricoid
Correct Answer
D. Thyroid, epiglottis, and cricoidExplanation
The unpaired laryngeal cartilages are the epiglottis, thyroid, and cricoid cartilages.Rate this question:
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- 38.
To what structure does the upper portion of the thyroid cartilage attach by a membrane?
- A.
Mandible
- B.
Hyoid bone
- C.
Epiglottis
- D.
Tongue
Correct Answer
B. Hyoid boneExplanation
The upper portion of the thyroid cartilage attaches by a membrane to the hyoid bone.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Which laryngeal cartilage is primarily responsible for preventing food, liquids, and foreign bodies from entering the lower airways?
- A.
Cricoid
- B.
Epiglottis
- C.
Thyroid
- D.
Corniculate
Correct Answer
B. EpiglottisExplanation
The epiglottis normally protects the lower airway from aspiration.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Which laryngeal cartilage is shaped like a signet ring and forms a large portion of the posterior laryngeal wall?
- A.
Epiglottis
- B.
Cricoid
- C.
Cuneiform
- D.
Corniculate
Correct Answer
B. CricoidExplanation
The cricoid cartilage is shaped like a signet ring and forms most of the posterior laryngeal wall.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Which of the laryngeal cartilages are single? I. Cuneiform II. Thyroid III. Epiglottis IV. Cricoid
- A.
I, II, III, and IV
- B.
II, III, and IV only
- C.
I, II, and III only
- D.
I, II, and IV only
- E.
Option 5
Correct Answer
B. II, III, and IV onlyExplanation
The thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, and epiglottis are single cartilages of the larynx.Rate this question:
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- 42.
What is the space between the true vocal cords called?
- A.
Vallecula
- B.
Vestibule
- C.
Rima glottidis
- D.
Choana
Correct Answer
C. Rima glottidisExplanation
The space between the vocal cords is called the rima glottidis or glottis.Rate this question:
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- 43.
What is not a common cause of posterior nosebleeds?
- A.
Nasal tumors
- B.
Serious nose trauma
- C.
High altitude
- D.
Drug abuse
Correct Answer
C. High altitudeExplanation
Common causes of posterior nosebleeds include serious nose trauma, nasal mucosal infections, high blood pressure, nasal tumors, atherosclerosis, drug abuse, and leukemia.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Which of the following is a subglottic airway obstruction usually caused by the parainfluenza virus?
- A.
Pharyngitis
- B.
Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)
- C.
Epiglottitis
- D.
Tonsillitis
Correct Answer
B. Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)Explanation
LTB is a subglottic airway obstruction usually caused by a parainfluenza virus.Rate this question:
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- 45.
What is causative agent in the majority of cases of acute epiglottitis?
- A.
Streptococcus
- B.
MRSA
- C.
Parainfluenza virus
- D.
Haemophilus influenzae type B
Correct Answer
D. HaemopHilus influenzae type BExplanation
The majority of acute epiglotittis cases is caused by Haemophilus inflenzae type B.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Which type of epithelium is present in the larynx above the vocal cords?
- A.
Pseudostratified squamous
- B.
Stratified squamous
- C.
Cuboidal
- D.
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
Correct Answer
B. Stratified squamousExplanation
Above the cords, the larynx is lined with stratified squamous epithelium.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Which laryngeal muscles are primarily responsible for adduction of the vocal cords?
- A.
Transverse arytenoid
- B.
Lateral cricoarytenoid
- C.
Posterior cricoarytenoid
- D.
Thyroarytenoid
Correct Answer
B. Lateral cricoarytenoidExplanation
The lateral cricoarytenoid muscles cause the vocal cords to move together.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Which of the following muscles pull the larynx and hyoid downward?
- A.
Suprahyoid group
- B.
Cricothyroid muscles
- C.
Posterior cricoarytenoid muscles
- D.
Infrahyoid group
Correct Answer
D. Infrahyoid groupExplanation
The infrahyoid muscle group pull the larynx and hyoid downward.Rate this question:
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- 49.
What is the secondary vital function of the larynx?
- A.
Gag reflex
- B.
Babinski reflex
- C.
Valsalva’s maneuver
- D.
Moro maneuver
Correct Answer
C. Valsalva’s maneuverExplanation
Effort closure during exhalation (Valsalva’s maneuver) is an important secondary function of the larynx.Rate this question:
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- 50.
What type of epithelium extends from the trachea to the respiratory bronchioles?
- A.
Stratified squamous
- B.
Pseudostratified squamous
- C.
Cuboidal
- D.
Pseudostratified ciliates columnar
Correct Answer
D. Pseudostratified ciliates columnarExplanation
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium extends from the trachea to the respiratory bronchioles.Rate this question:
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Apr 30, 2024Quiz Edited by
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