Principles Of Braking Hydraulics- Post
Chapter 31
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The principle behind hydraulic brakes is _________________, which states that pressure applied to a fluid in one part of a closed system will be transmitted without loss to all other areas of the system.
- A.
Kirchhoff's law
- B.
Newton's law
- C.
Pascal's law
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Pascal's lawExplanation
The principle behind hydraulic brakes is Pascal's law, which states that pressure applied to a fluid in one part of a closed system will be transmitted without loss to all other areas of the system. This means that when the brake pedal is pressed, the pressure is transmitted through the brake fluid to the brake calipers, causing the brake pads to press against the rotors and create friction, which ultimately slows down or stops the vehicle.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A substantial leak in the _____________ will prevent enough pressure from building to exert the necessary braking force
- A.
Vacuum booster
- B.
Power steering
- C.
Engine oil
- D.
Hydraulic system
Correct Answer
D. Hydraulic systemExplanation
A substantial leak in the hydraulic system will prevent enough pressure from building to exert the necessary braking force. The hydraulic system is responsible for transmitting force from the brake pedal to the brake calipers, which then apply pressure to the brake pads and create friction to slow down or stop the vehicle. If there is a leak in the hydraulic system, the fluid necessary to create this pressure will be lost, resulting in a loss of braking power.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following variables is related to pressure and force in a hydraulic system?
- A.
Input force
- B.
Working pressure
- C.
Output force
- D.
All the above
Correct Answer
D. All the aboveExplanation
All the variables mentioned in the options, namely input force, working pressure, and output force, are related to pressure and force in a hydraulic system. Input force refers to the force applied to the system, working pressure is the pressure within the system, and output force is the force exerted by the system. Therefore, all three variables are interconnected and play a role in determining the pressure and force in a hydraulic system.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following is a main component of a typical hydraulic brake system?
- A.
Brake pedal
- B.
Brake fluid
- C.
Master cylinder
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The main component of a typical hydraulic brake system includes the brake pedal, brake fluid, and the master cylinder. The brake pedal is the input device that the driver uses to apply pressure to the brakes. The brake fluid is responsible for transmitting the pressure from the brake pedal to the master cylinder. The master cylinder is the component that converts the pressure from the brake pedal into hydraulic pressure, which is then used to activate the brakes. Therefore, all of the options mentioned are main components of a typical hydraulic brake system.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following is a property of typical brake fluid used in automobile brake systems?
- A.
High boiling point
- B.
Low freezing point
- C.
Hygroscopic
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Brake fluid used in automobile brake systems typically has a high boiling point, which is important because it needs to withstand the high temperatures generated during braking. It also has a low freezing point to prevent the fluid from solidifying in cold temperatures, ensuring that the brakes continue to function properly. Additionally, brake fluid is hygroscopic, meaning it has the ability to absorb moisture from the air. This property is necessary as it helps to prevent the formation of water vapor in the brake system, which could lead to brake failure. Therefore, all of the given properties are true for typical brake fluid used in automobile brake systems.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Brake fluid is graded by the Department of Transportation on which of the following?
- A.
Color
- B.
PH value
- C.
How much water it can hold
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. pH valueExplanation
Brake fluid is graded by the Department of Transportation based on its pH value. pH value is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a substance, and in the case of brake fluid, it is an important factor in determining its performance and ability to resist corrosion. A proper pH level ensures that the brake fluid can effectively transmit hydraulic pressure and provide reliable braking performance. Therefore, the pH value is a crucial parameter in grading brake fluid.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Determining if brake fluid should be flushed can be done using which of the following methods?
- A.
Test strip
- B.
DVOM-galvanic reaction test
- C.
Time and mileage
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
All of the above methods can be used to determine if brake fluid should be flushed. A test strip can be used to check the condition of the brake fluid by measuring its moisture content or pH level. The DVOM-galvanic reaction test involves measuring the electrical conductivity of the brake fluid to determine its level of contamination. Lastly, time and mileage can also be used as indicators for when brake fluid should be flushed, as it is generally recommended to replace it every few years or after a certain number of miles driven.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A typical brake pedal inspection includes which of the following?
- A.
Brake pedal height
- B.
Brake pedal free play
- C.
Brake pedal travel
- D.
All the above
Correct Answer
D. All the aboveExplanation
During a brake pedal inspection, all of the above factors are typically examined. Brake pedal height is checked to ensure it is at the appropriate level for comfortable and effective braking. Brake pedal free play is assessed to ensure there is no excessive movement or looseness in the pedal. Lastly, brake pedal travel is examined to ensure there is proper distance and response when the pedal is depressed. Therefore, all of these factors are included in a typical brake pedal inspection.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A(n) ____________________ (non-CAN-bus) circuit is a simple light bulb in series with as many as four switches that are connected in parallel with each other.
- A.
Electronic brake warning lamp system
- B.
Mechanical brake warning lamp system
- C.
Both A and B
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Mechanical brake warning lamp systemExplanation
A mechanical brake warning lamp system is a non-CAN-bus circuit that consists of a simple light bulb in series with up to four switches connected in parallel. This system is used to indicate any issues or malfunctions in the mechanical brake system of a vehicle.Rate this question:
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- 10.
True or False. To ensure that a leak in one brake circuit will not affect the other circuit, master cylinder reservoirs have two separate chambers.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
To ensure that a leak in one brake circuit will not affect the other circuit, master cylinder reservoirs have two separate chambers. This is true because having two separate chambers allows for the separation of the brake fluid for each circuit. If there is a leak in one circuit, the other circuit will still have an adequate supply of brake fluid to function properly. This design feature enhances safety and ensures that the braking system remains operational even in the event of a leak.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Most modern master cylinder reservoirs are equipped with a low brake fluid float switch that turns on the __________________ on the instrument panel and/or sets a notification on the driver information system.
- A.
Amber brake warning light
- B.
Yellow brake warning light
- C.
Red brake warning light
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Red brake warning lightExplanation
Most modern master cylinder reservoirs are equipped with a low brake fluid float switch that turns on the red brake warning light on the instrument panel and/or sets a notification on the driver information system. This warning light is typically red because it indicates a potentially serious issue with the brake system, such as low brake fluid levels or a malfunctioning brake system component. The red color is used to grab the driver's attention and prompt immediate action to address the problem.Rate this question:
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- 12.
___________________ carry brake fluid from the master cylinder to the brake units.
- A.
Double-walled steel lines only
- B.
Rubber hoses only
- C.
Doubled-walled steel lines and rubber hoses
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Doubled-walled steel lines and rubber hosesExplanation
Double-walled steel lines and rubber hoses are used to carry brake fluid from the master cylinder to the brake units. This combination of materials provides the necessary durability and flexibility required for the brake fluid to flow effectively. The double-walled steel lines offer strength and resistance to corrosion, while the rubber hoses provide flexibility and absorb vibrations. Together, they ensure the safe and efficient transfer of brake fluid throughout the braking system.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Brake hoses should never be?
- A.
Pinched
- B.
Kinked
- C.
Bent tighter than a specific radius
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Brake hoses should never be pinched, kinked, or bent tighter than a specific radius. These actions can restrict or block the flow of brake fluid, leading to decreased braking performance or complete brake failure. Pinching or kinking the brake hose can also cause damage to the hose itself, resulting in leaks. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that brake hoses are free from any obstructions or excessive bending to maintain the proper functioning of the braking system.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Tech A says that proportioning valves reduce brake pressure to the rear wheels and are pressure-sensitive or load-sensitive. Tech B says that load-sensitive proportioning valves adjust rear brake pressure according to the weight of the vehicle's load. Who is correct?
- A.
Tech A
- B.
Tech B
- C.
Both Techs A and B
- D.
Neither Tech A nor B
Correct Answer
C. Both Techs A and BExplanation
Both Techs A and B are correct. Proportioning valves are indeed used to reduce brake pressure to the rear wheels, and they can be either pressure-sensitive or load-sensitive. Load-sensitive proportioning valves specifically adjust the rear brake pressure according to the weight of the vehicle's load. Therefore, both Tech A and Tech B are correct in their statements.Rate this question:
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- 15.
True or False. Many brake hoses use banjo fittings to connect the hose to the wheel unit.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Many brake hoses use banjo fittings to connect the hose to the wheel unit. A banjo fitting consists of a hollow bolt with a hole through its center and a banjo bolt with a hole drilled at a right angle to the hollow bolt. This type of fitting allows for a flexible connection between the brake hose and the wheel unit, allowing for movement and flexibility while maintaining a secure connection. Banjo fittings are commonly used in automotive applications, including brake systems, to ensure proper fluid flow and reliable performance.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Banjo-type fittings typically include?
- A.
Banjo fitting
- B.
Banjo bolt
- C.
Two copper or aluminum washers
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Banjo-type fittings typically include a banjo fitting, which is a hollow bolt with holes on the sides to allow fluid to flow through, a banjo bolt which is used to secure the banjo fitting, and two copper or aluminum washers which are used to create a tight seal between the fitting and the bolt. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above."Rate this question:
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- 17.
Tech A says that a cracked brake hose that is not leaking does not need to be replaced. Tech B says that a brake hose with a blister must be replaced. Who is correct?
- A.
Tech A
- B.
Tech B
- C.
Both Techs A and B
- D.
Neither Tech A nor B
Correct Answer
B. Tech BExplanation
Tech B is correct. A cracked brake hose that is not leaking may still be compromised and could potentially lead to a leak or failure in the future. Therefore, it is recommended to replace a cracked brake hose, even if it is not currently leaking. On the other hand, a brake hose with a blister is already showing signs of damage and should be replaced immediately to prevent any potential brake failure.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Tech A says that if none of the brake lights illuminate when depressing the brake pedal, the problem could be the fuse or bulbs. Tech B says that if none of the brake lights illuminate when depressing the brake pedal, the problem could be the feed wire or ground. Who is correct?
- A.
Tech A
- B.
Tech B
- C.
Both Techs A and B
- D.
Neither Tech A nor B
Correct Answer
C. Both Techs A and BExplanation
Both Techs A and B are correct. If none of the brake lights illuminate when depressing the brake pedal, the problem could be either the fuse or bulbs (as mentioned by Tech A) or the feed wire or ground (as mentioned by Tech B). Both of these issues can result in a lack of power to the brake lights, causing them not to illuminate. Therefore, both Tech A and Tech B provide valid explanations for the problem.Rate this question:
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- 19.
All of the following are methods used to force air and contaminated fluid out of a brake system in a vehicle, EXCEPT:
- A.
Vacuum bleeding.
- B.
Pressure bleeding.
- C.
Bench bleeding.
- D.
Manual brake bleeding.
Correct Answer
C. Bench bleeding.Explanation
Bench bleeding is a method used to remove air from the brake master cylinder before installing it in the vehicle. It involves attaching hoses to the cylinder and submerging them in brake fluid while manually pumping the cylinder to remove any trapped air. This process ensures that the brake system is free of air bubbles before it is installed in the vehicle. Therefore, bench bleeding is not used to force air and contaminated fluid out of a brake system in a vehicle, unlike vacuum bleeding, pressure bleeding, and manual brake bleeding.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following can turn on the brake warning light?
- A.
Parking brake being engaged
- B.
Brake fluid level being low
- C.
Pressure being unequal in the brake system
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
All of the given options can turn on the brake warning light. When the parking brake is engaged, it activates the brake warning light to indicate that the brake is engaged. Similarly, when the brake fluid level is low, it triggers the brake warning light to alert the driver about the potential issue. Lastly, if there is unequal pressure in the brake system, it can also activate the brake warning light as a safety measure. Therefore, all of these factors can individually or collectively cause the brake warning light to turn on.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Tech A says that as moisture levels increase in brake fluid, the boiling point of the brake fluid decreases. Tech B says that field tests by the Society of Automotive Engineers have documented that the average 1-year-old car has approximately 2% moisture in the brake fluid. Who is correct?
- A.
Tech A
- B.
Tech B
- C.
Both Techs A and B
- D.
Neither Tech A nor B
Correct Answer
C. Both Techs A and BExplanation
Both Tech A and Tech B are correct. Tech A is correct because as moisture levels increase in brake fluid, the boiling point of the brake fluid does indeed decrease. This is because moisture lowers the boiling point of the fluid, which can lead to brake fade or failure under high temperatures. Tech B is also correct because field tests by the Society of Automotive Engineers have indeed documented that the average 1-year-old car has approximately 2% moisture in the brake fluid.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Tech A says that using gasoline is an approved method of cleaning brake system components. Tech B says that using kerosene is an approved method of cleaning brake system components. Who is correct?
- A.
Tech A
- B.
Tech B
- C.
Both Techs A and B
- D.
Neither Tech A nor B
Correct Answer
D. Neither Tech A nor BExplanation
Neither Tech A nor Tech B is correct because using gasoline or kerosene to clean brake system components is not an approved method. Brake system components should be cleaned using brake cleaner or a specific brake cleaning solution recommended by the manufacturer. Using gasoline or kerosene can be dangerous as they are flammable and may leave residue that can affect the performance of the brakes.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Tech A says that when replacing a brake master cylinder, it should be bled after placing the master cylinder into the vehicle's brake system. Tech B says that when replacing a master cylinder, it should be bench bled before the master cylinder is placed into the vehicle's brake system. Who is correct?
- A.
Tech A
- B.
Tech B
- C.
Both Techs A and B
- D.
Neither Tech A nor B
Correct Answer
B. Tech BExplanation
Tech B is correct. When replacing a brake master cylinder, it should be bench bled before it is placed into the vehicle's brake system. This is because bench bleeding ensures that all air is removed from the master cylinder before it is installed in the vehicle. This helps to prevent air from entering the brake system and causing a spongy brake pedal or reduced braking performance.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Tech A says that if there is too much travel in the parking brake lever, the cables should be shortened. Tech B says that if there is too much travel in the parking brake lever, the parking brake (drum or disc) clearance should be checked. Who is correct?
- A.
Tech A
- B.
Tech B
- C.
Both Techs A and B
- D.
Neither Tech A nor B
Correct Answer
B. Tech BExplanation
Tech B is correct. If there is too much travel in the parking brake lever, it indicates that the parking brake (drum or disc) clearance should be checked. Shortening the cables, as suggested by Tech A, would not address the issue of excessive travel in the lever. It is important to ensure that the parking brake clearance is adjusted correctly to maintain proper functionality and safety.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Tech A says that in a CAN-bus circuit the parking brake sensor and the low brake fluid sensors send signals over the CAN-bus network regarding their status. Tech B says that diagnosis involves using a scan tool capable of interrogating the system, a wiring diagram, and a DVOM to perform specific tests. Who is correct?
- A.
Tech A
- B.
Tech B
- C.
Both Techs A and B
- D.
Neither Tech A nor B
Correct Answer
C. Both Techs A and BExplanation
Both Tech A and Tech B are correct. Tech A is correct in stating that the parking brake sensor and the low brake fluid sensors send signals over the CAN-bus network regarding their status. This means that these sensors communicate their information through the CAN-bus circuit. Tech B is correct in stating that diagnosis involves using a scan tool capable of interrogating the system, a wiring diagram, and a DVOM (Digital Volt-Ohm Meter) to perform specific tests. This means that in order to diagnose any issues with the CAN-bus circuit, a scan tool, wiring diagram, and DVOM are necessary tools and steps.Rate this question:
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- 26.
When installing wheels on a vehicle that a technician just finished servicing, the technician should use a(n) __________________________ to tighten each wheel lug nut.
- A.
Impact gun
- B.
Air ratchet
- C.
Torque wrench
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Torque wrenchExplanation
The torque wrench ensures each lug is tightened exactly as much as each other lug.Rate this question:
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- 27.
True or False. Rotors that are too thin cannot handle as much heat and will experience brake fade.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Rotors that are too thin do not have the same mass as those that are thicker. As a result, they hold onto more heat and fade is experienced.Rate this question:
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- 28.
All of the following are types of disc brake calipers, EXCEPT:
- A.
Rotating caliper.
- B.
Fixed caliper
- C.
Floating caliper.
- D.
Sliding caliper.
Correct Answer
A. Rotating caliper.Explanation
Rotating calipers do not exist.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Tech A says that burnishing the new brake pads results in longer brake pad life. Tech B says that burnishing the new brake pads results in quiet brake life. Who is correct?
- A.
Tech A
- B.
Tech B
- C.
Both Techs A and B
- D.
Neither Tech A nor B
Correct Answer
C. Both Techs A and BExplanation
Burnishing pads will help extend pad life and to reduce potential noise.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Tech A says that the piston on a brake caliper that integrates the parking brake will need to be screwed back in on the threaded shaft to retract it into the bore. Tech B says that you need a special tool that mates to slots, grooves, or holes in the outer face of the caliper piston. Who is correct?
- A.
Tech A
- B.
Tech B
- C.
Both Techs A and B
- D.
Neither Tech A nor B
Correct Answer
C. Both Techs A and BExplanation
A special tool is required to push the piston back in and it does line up with the grooves in the face of the caliper piston.Rate this question:
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