Psychological Disorders/ Guided Lecture Questions 1

1.

The diathesis-stress model views psychological disorders as arising from a genetic predisposition to develop a disorder that is influenced by environmental stress.

A.

True
B.

False

Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The diathesis-stress model suggests that psychological disorders result from a combination of genetic vulnerability (diathesis) and environmental stress. This means that individuals may have a genetic predisposition to develop a disorder, but it is the presence of environmental stressors that trigger the manifestation of the disorder. Therefore, the statement that the diathesis-stress model views psychological disorders as arising from a genetic predisposition influenced by environmental stress is true.

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2.

The DSM-IV-TR, which is is used to identify, classify, and treat psychological disorder is broken into 5 axis's. Clinical syndromes are included on axis __________.

A.

I
B.

II
C.

III
D.

IV
E.

V

Correct Answer
A. I

Explanation
The DSM-IV-TR is divided into five axes to provide a comprehensive assessment of an individual's psychological functioning. Axis I includes clinical syndromes, which are the primary mental health disorders that a person may be experiencing. This axis covers a wide range of conditions including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance use disorders. By categorizing clinical syndromes on Axis I, clinicians can better understand and diagnose specific mental health conditions in individuals.

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3.

A type of anxiety disorder that is characterized by nonspecific, unexplainable apprehension that seems to persist in most situations is called

A.

Panic disorder
B.

OCD
C.

Phobias
D.

Generalized anxiety disorder
E.

PTSD

Correct Answer
D. Generalized anxiety disorder

Explanation
Generalized anxiety disorder is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by excessive and persistent worry or fear about everyday situations, without any specific trigger. Unlike panic disorder, which involves sudden and intense episodes of fear, generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by a more constant state of anxiety. It is different from OCD, phobias, and PTSD as it does not involve specific obsessions, fears, or traumatic experiences.

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4.

As a response to a traumatic experience, a person is experiencing reoccurring nightmares and is having trouble distinguishing between past events and present situations. This could be an indication of ________________.

Correct Answer
postraumatic stress disorder

Explanation
The given symptoms of reoccurring nightmares and difficulty distinguishing between past events and present situations align with the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a mental health condition that can occur after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. It is characterized by intrusive thoughts, nightmares, flashbacks, and difficulties with memory and concentration. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is posttraumatic stress disorder.

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4

5.

When a person has too much of the neurotransmitter GABA, an inhibitor of the rain then that person could experience anxiety disorders.

A.

True
B.

False

Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
If a person has too much of the neurotransmitter GABA, which is an inhibitor of the brain, it would actually have an opposite effect and could potentially reduce anxiety. GABA is known to have a calming effect on the brain and is often used as a treatment for anxiety disorders. Therefore, the statement that a person with an excess of GABA would experience anxiety disorders is incorrect.

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6.

A less severe case of major depressive disorder that allow the person to function, but may persist for several years is called:

A.

Cyclothymic disorder
B.

Bipolar disorder
C.

OCD
D.

Dysthymic disorder
E.

Bipolar II disorder

Correct Answer
D. Dysthymic disorder

Explanation
Dysthymic disorder is a less severe form of major depressive disorder that lasts for an extended period of time, often persisting for several years. Unlike major depressive disorder, individuals with dysthymic disorder are still able to function in their daily lives. This disorder is characterized by a chronic low mood, feelings of hopelessness, low self-esteem, and a lack of interest in activities. While it may not be as debilitating as major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder can still have a significant impact on a person's overall well-being and quality of life.

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7.

Low levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and _________________, which is a neurtransmitter linked to pleasure are present with people who experience depression.

Correct Answer
dopamine

Explanation
Low levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, which is a neurotransmitter linked to pleasure, are present with people who experience depression.

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4

8.

A person who experiences two or more distinct personalities, each with no memory of the other, then this person may be experiencing:

A.

Schizophrenia
B.

Bipolar disorder
C.

Major depression
D.

Phobia
E.

Dissociative identity disorder

Correct Answer
E. Dissociative identity disorder

Explanation
A person who experiences two or more distinct personalities, each with no memory of the other, may be experiencing dissociative identity disorder. This disorder, previously known as multiple personality disorder, is characterized by the presence of multiple distinct identities or personality states within an individual. These identities may have their own unique behaviors, thoughts, memories, and emotions, and may take control of the person's behavior at different times. Dissociative identity disorder is often a result of severe trauma or abuse experienced during childhood, and therapy is typically required to help the person integrate their identities and manage their symptoms.

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9.

A person who saw a very traumatic accident has suddenly lost the ability to see. Doctors cannot find a physical cause for his sudden blindness. This may be considered

A.

Scizophrenia
B.

Major depression
C.

Conversion disorder
D.

Bipolar disorder
E.

Seasonal affective disorder

Correct Answer
C. Conversion disorder

Explanation
The person's sudden loss of vision, despite the absence of any physical cause found by doctors, suggests that they may be experiencing conversion disorder. Conversion disorder is a condition in which psychological stress or trauma manifests as physical symptoms, such as blindness, paralysis, or seizures. In this case, the traumatic accident may have triggered the person's psychological distress, leading to the conversion of their emotional pain into physical symptoms.

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