Pt Assessment - Exam Techniques And Vital Signs
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is the process of concentrated watching?
Explanation
The process of concentrated watching is referred to as inspection. Inspection involves carefully observing or examining something or someone in order to assess its quality, condition, or performance. This process requires focused attention and concentration to ensure that all details are thoroughly observed and analyzed.Rate this question:
- 2.
What is the examination through sense of touch?
Explanation
Palpation is the examination technique that involves using the sense of touch to feel and evaluate different parts of the body. It is commonly used by healthcare professionals to assess the texture, size, consistency, and tenderness of organs, tissues, and structures. During palpation, the examiner applies pressure with their hands or fingers to detect abnormalities, such as lumps, swelling, or areas of pain. This technique is frequently used in physical examinations, particularly in fields such as medicine, nursing, and physical therapy.Rate this question:
- 3.
Inspection is a more focused examination technique than palpation
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Inspection and palpation are two different examination techniques used in medical practice. Inspection involves visually observing and examining the patient's body or specific areas for any abnormalities or changes. On the other hand, palpation involves using touch to feel and assess different parts of the body, such as organs, tissues, or structures, to detect any abnormalities or abnormalities. Therefore, inspection is a less focused examination technique compared to palpation, as it relies solely on visual observation rather than physical touch. Hence, the given statement is false.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What is crepitation?
Correct Answer
Crackling sound or sensationExplanation
Crepitation refers to a crackling sound or sensation. It is commonly associated with the movement of joints or the rubbing together of bones or cartilage. This can occur due to various reasons such as arthritis, injury, or the presence of air or fluid in the joints. The crackling sound or sensation is often described as similar to the sound produced when crushing cellophane or walking on fresh snow.Rate this question:
- 5.
What part of hand surface do you use for fine tactile discrimination?
Correct Answer
fingertipsExplanation
The fingertips are the most sensitive part of the hand surface, containing a high concentration of touch receptors. These receptors allow for fine tactile discrimination, enabling us to perceive and distinguish subtle textures, shapes, and details through touch. The fingertips have a greater density of nerve endings, making them highly responsive to sensory stimuli and providing us with a heightened sense of touch and dexterity.Rate this question:
- 6.
What part of hand do you use to check temperature?
Correct Answer
dorsal surfaceExplanation
The dorsal surface of the hand refers to the back of the hand. When checking temperature, using the dorsal surface is more accurate because it is less sensitive to temperature changes compared to the palm or fingertips. This allows for a more reliable reading of the temperature.Rate this question:
- 7.
What do you feel for when using the metacarpophalangeal joints and ulnar surface?
Correct Answer
vibrationExplanation
When using the metacarpophalangeal joints and ulnar surface, one may experience a sensation of vibration. This could be due to the nature of the movement or pressure applied to these joints, which can create a vibratory sensation. The metacarpophalangeal joints are the joints between the metacarpal bones and the proximal phalanges of the fingers, while the ulnar surface refers to the inner side of the hand along the ulnar bone. The specific use of these joints and surface may result in a perception of vibration.Rate this question:
- 8.
Where are the metacarpophalangeal joints located on hand?
Correct Answer
top of palmExplanation
The metacarpophalangeal joints are located on the top of the palm. These joints connect the metacarpal bones (found in the middle of the hand) to the phalanges (bones of the fingers). The top of the palm is the area where these joints are most prominent and where the fingers originate from.Rate this question:
- 9.
Where is the ulnar surface located on hands?
Correct Answer
near pinkyExplanation
The ulnar surface is located near the pinky finger on the hands. The ulna is one of the two bones in the forearm, and the ulnar surface refers to the side of the hand that is closer to the ulna bone. This area is also known as the medial side of the hand.Rate this question:
- 10.
What is the technique where you press to depth of 1 cm and check for surface abnormalities?
Correct Answer
light palpationExplanation
Light palpation is a technique used in physical examination where gentle pressure is applied to a depth of approximately 1 cm to assess for surface abnormalities. This technique helps to detect any tenderness, masses, or irregularities on the surface of the body. It is commonly used in various medical fields, such as during abdominal examinations to assess for organ enlargement or tenderness. Light palpation allows healthcare professionals to gather important information about the patient's health and aid in the diagnosis of potential underlying conditions.Rate this question:
- 11.
What is the technique you use to palpate organs or masses?
Correct Answer
deep palpationExplanation
Deep palpation is the technique used to palpate organs or masses. It involves applying firm pressure with the fingers or hands to feel deeper structures within the body. This technique allows healthcare professionals to assess the size, shape, consistency, and tenderness of organs or masses. Deep palpation is commonly used in physical examinations to gather information about the internal organs and detect any abnormalities or irregularities. It requires skill and practice to accurately perform deep palpation and interpret the findings.Rate this question:
- 12.
What is the technique you use to envelope or capture a body part or organ?
Correct Answer
bimanual palpationExplanation
Bimanual palpation is a technique used to envelop or capture a body part or organ by using both hands. It involves using one hand to apply pressure or stabilize the area, while the other hand is used to palpate or examine the specific body part or organ. This technique allows for a more thorough assessment and evaluation of the area, as it provides a better sense of the size, shape, texture, and any abnormalities present. Bimanual palpation is commonly used in medical examinations, such as during breast or abdominal examinations, to gather more information and make accurate diagnoses.Rate this question:
- 13.
What is an organ that can not be palpated by bimanual palpation?
- A.
Kidney
- B.
Spleen
- C.
Uterus
- D.
Liver
Correct Answer
D. LiverExplanation
The liver is an organ that cannot be palpated by bimanual palpation. This is because the liver is located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, underneath the rib cage. It is protected by the rib cage and is not easily accessible for palpation. Bimanual palpation involves using both hands to examine an organ or area of the body, but the liver cannot be felt in this way due to its position and protection by the ribs.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What technique uses tapping on pt's skin to assess density of underlying structures?
Correct Answer
PercussionExplanation
Percussion is a technique that involves tapping on a patient's skin to assess the density of underlying structures. By listening to the sound produced and feeling the vibrations, healthcare professionals can gather information about the condition of organs or tissues. This method is commonly used to evaluate the size, borders, and consistency of organs such as the liver or lungs. It can also help identify the presence of fluid or air in body cavities. Percussion is a valuable diagnostic tool that aids in the assessment of various medical conditions.Rate this question:
- 15.
Which statement is incorrect?
- A.
Percussion helps to map out the location of an organ by identifying its borders.
- B.
Indirect percussion uses finger of one hand acting as a hammer on the finger of another hand that acts as a striking surface.
- C.
Striking the finger or hand directly against a pt's body is indirect percussion.
- D.
Percussion is used to determine the density of a structure.
Correct Answer
C. Striking the finger or hand directly against a pt's body is indirect percussion.Explanation
Percussion is a technique used in physical examination to assess the size, shape, and density of underlying structures in the body. It involves tapping or striking the body surface with the fingers or a percussion hammer. Indirect percussion refers to using the finger of one hand as a hammer and the finger of another hand as a striking surface. This allows for a more controlled and accurate assessment of the underlying structures. Striking the finger or hand directly against a patient's body would be considered direct percussion, which is an incorrect statement in this context.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What is the technique to listen to sounds produced by body
Correct Answer
AuscultationExplanation
Auscultation is the technique used to listen to sounds produced by the body. It involves using a stethoscope to listen to internal sounds, such as the heartbeat, breathing, or bowel sounds. This method allows healthcare professionals to detect abnormalities or irregularities in these sounds, which can help in diagnosing various medical conditions. Auscultation is commonly used in physical examinations and is an important tool in healthcare to assess the functioning of different organs and systems within the body.Rate this question:
- 17.
A stethoscope with a thicker tubing will transmit more sound
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A stethoscope with a thicker tubing will transmit more sound because thicker tubing has a larger diameter, allowing more sound waves to travel through it. This results in a stronger and clearer sound being heard through the stethoscope. Thicker tubing also helps to reduce external noise interference, further enhancing the transmission of sound. Therefore, it is true that a stethoscope with thicker tubing will transmit more sound.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What part of the stethoscope should you use for high pitched sounds?
Correct Answer
DiaphragmExplanation
The diaphragm is the correct part of the stethoscope to use for high pitched sounds. The diaphragm is a flat, circular piece located at the end of the stethoscope. It is designed to pick up high-frequency sounds, such as lung and heart sounds. When pressed firmly against the patient's skin, the diaphragm vibrates and transmits the sound waves to the listener's ears, allowing for clear and accurate auscultation of high-pitched sounds.Rate this question:
- 19.
What is not true about the bell part of the stethoscope?
- A.
Best for low pitched sounds
- B.
Slight pressure is needed against the body
- C.
Should be used to hear hyperresonant sounds
- D.
Should be used to hear resonant sounds
Correct Answer
B. Slight pressure is needed against the bodyExplanation
The bell part of the stethoscope does not require slight pressure against the body. The bell is best for hearing low pitched sounds, and it should be used to hear resonant sounds, not hyperresonant sounds.Rate this question:
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- 20.
When calculating the waist-to-hip ratio, where should you measure for the waist?
Correct Answer
smallest circumference below rib cage and above iliac crestExplanation
When calculating the waist-to-hip ratio, it is important to measure the smallest circumference below the rib cage and above the iliac crest. This is because this area represents the narrowest part of the waist, giving an accurate measurement of the waist size. By measuring at this specific location, the waist-to-hip ratio can be calculated correctly, providing valuable information about body composition and health risks associated with excess abdominal fat.Rate this question:
- 21.
What value for waist to hip ratio predicts increased risk for obesity related disease and early mortality for women?
Correct Answer
greater or equal to 0.8Explanation
A waist to hip ratio greater than or equal to 0.8 is considered a predictor of increased risk for obesity-related diseases and early mortality in women. This ratio indicates that a larger proportion of fat is distributed around the waist rather than the hips, which is associated with higher levels of visceral fat. Visceral fat has been linked to various health issues such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. Therefore, maintaining a waist to hip ratio below 0.8 is recommended for reducing the risk of these diseases and promoting overall health in women.Rate this question:
- 22.
What value for waist to hip ratio predicts increased risk for obesity related disease and early mortality for men?
Correct Answer
greater or equal to 1Explanation
A waist to hip ratio greater than or equal to 1 indicates increased risk for obesity-related diseases and early mortality in men. This means that if a man's waist measurement is equal to or larger than his hip measurement, it suggests that he has excess abdominal fat, which is associated with higher risks of developing diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and certain types of cancer. Additionally, this ratio is linked to a higher likelihood of premature death.Rate this question:
- 23.
What is the peripheral measurement of heart rate?
Correct Answer
radial pulseExplanation
The peripheral measurement of heart rate refers to the measurement of the pulse in the peripheral arteries, such as the radial artery. The radial pulse is commonly used to measure heart rate as it is easily accessible and can be felt on the wrist. By counting the number of beats felt in the radial artery within a specific time frame, one can determine the heart rate. Therefore, the answer "radial pulse" is correct as it accurately describes the peripheral measurement of heart rate.Rate this question:
- 24.
What is the normal pulse range?
Correct Answer
60-100 bpmExplanation
The normal pulse range refers to the average number of times a person's heart beats per minute. A pulse rate between 60 and 100 beats per minute (bpm) is considered to be within the normal range for adults. This range indicates that the heart is functioning properly and delivering an adequate blood supply to the body. A pulse rate below 60 bpm is considered bradycardia, while a pulse rate above 100 bpm is considered tachycardia.Rate this question:
- 25.
Where is the flexor side of the hand?
Correct Answer
on the thumb sideExplanation
The flexor side of the hand refers to the side where the muscles responsible for flexion are located. Flexion is the bending movement that decreases the angle between the bones of a joint. In the hand, the flexor muscles are mainly located on the palm side. Since the thumb is located on the palm side of the hand, it can be inferred that the flexor side of the hand is on the thumb side.Rate this question:
- 26.
When measuring radial pulse, for how long do you count pulsations?
Correct Answer
30-60 secondsExplanation
When measuring radial pulse, it is important to count the pulsations for a duration of 30-60 seconds. This time frame allows for an accurate assessment of the pulse rate and rhythm. Counting for less than 30 seconds may not provide an accurate representation of the overall pulse rate, while counting for more than 60 seconds may result in an unnecessary prolongation of the assessment process. Therefore, counting the pulsations for 30-60 seconds ensures a reliable measurement of the radial pulse.Rate this question:
- 27.
What is the value that shows the number of inspiration/expiration cycles per minute?
Correct Answer
respiratory rateExplanation
The value that shows the number of inspiration/expiration cycles per minute is called the respiratory rate. It is a measure of how many times a person breathes in and out within a minute. This value is used to assess the efficiency of breathing and can be an important indicator of respiratory health.Rate this question:
- 28.
What is the normal adult respiratory rate?
Correct Answer
10-20Explanation
The normal adult respiratory rate refers to the number of breaths a person takes per minute. A respiratory rate of 10-20 breaths per minute is considered normal for adults. This range indicates that the person's breathing is within the typical range and suggests that their respiratory system is functioning properly.Rate this question:
- 29.
What is the stable core mean temperature in Celcius?
Correct Answer
37.2Explanation
The stable core mean temperature refers to the average temperature of the core of something, in this case, it is measured in Celsius. The given answer of 37.2 suggests that the stable core mean temperature is 37.2 degrees Celsius.Rate this question:
- 30.
Name all of the sites to determine temperature
Correct Answer
oral, rectal, tympanic, temporal artery, axillaExplanation
The question asks for all the sites that can be used to determine temperature. The answer lists five different sites: oral, rectal, tympanic, temporal artery, and axilla. These are all commonly used sites to measure body temperature. The oral method involves placing a thermometer under the tongue, the rectal method involves inserting a thermometer into the rectum, the tympanic method uses a special thermometer to measure temperature in the ear, the temporal artery method measures temperature on the forehead, and the axilla method involves placing a thermometer in the armpit.Rate this question:
- 31.
How long do you have to wait to take oral temp if they drank something hot or cold?
Correct Answer
15 minutesExplanation
After consuming something hot or cold, the oral temperature may be temporarily affected, resulting in an inaccurate reading. Waiting for 15 minutes allows the mouth temperature to stabilize, providing a more accurate measurement of the body's temperature.Rate this question:
- 32.
Out of all of the sites you can take temp, which site is closest to core temp?
Correct Answer
RectalExplanation
The rectal site is closest to core temperature because it is located internally and in close proximity to the body's core. This site provides a more accurate measurement of core temperature compared to other sites such as the oral or axillary sites, which can be influenced by external factors and may not reflect the true core temperature.Rate this question:
- 33.
When taking temp via tympanic membrane or temporal artery, what kind of sensors determine temp
Correct Answer
infraredExplanation
The correct answer is infrared. When taking temperature via the tympanic membrane or temporal artery, infrared sensors are used to measure the body's temperature. These sensors detect the infrared radiation emitted by the body and convert it into a temperature reading. Infrared technology is commonly used in medical devices for non-contact temperature measurement as it provides accurate and quick results without the need for physical contact with the body.Rate this question:
- 34.
When would you not take temp rectally?
- A.
Comatose or confused
- B.
Unable to close mouth
- C.
Children
- D.
Shock
Correct Answer
C. ChildrenExplanation
Children should not have their temperature taken rectally because it can be uncomfortable and potentially traumatic for them. There are alternative methods, such as using an oral or ear thermometer, that are more suitable and less invasive for children.Rate this question:
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- 35.
What is the normal mean temp in celcius for axillary
Correct Answer
36.5Explanation
The normal mean temperature in Celsius for axillary is 36.5.Rate this question:
- 36.
When you have a fever your rectal temp will read around what degree celcius
Correct Answer
38Explanation
When you have a fever, your body temperature can rise above the normal range of 36-37 degrees Celsius. A rectal temperature reading is considered to be the most accurate measurement of body temperature during a fever. Therefore, a rectal temperature reading of around 38 degrees Celsius is expected when someone has a fever.Rate this question:
- 37.
What term describes force of blood pushing against side of vessel wall?
Correct Answer
blood pressureExplanation
Blood pressure is the term that describes the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and consists of two values - systolic pressure (the force when the heart contracts) and diastolic pressure (the force when the heart is at rest). Blood pressure is an important indicator of cardiovascular health and can be influenced by various factors such as age, lifestyle, and underlying medical conditions.Rate this question:
- 38.
What is the pressure during ventricular filling?
Correct Answer
diastolicExplanation
During ventricular filling, the heart muscles relax and the ventricles expand to allow blood to flow into them. This phase is known as diastole. Diastolic pressure refers to the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest or between beats. Therefore, the correct answer is "diastolic" because the pressure during ventricular filling is the diastolic pressure.Rate this question:
- 39.
What is the maximum pressure generated during ventricular contraction?
Correct Answer
systolicExplanation
The maximum pressure generated during ventricular contraction is called systolic pressure. This occurs when the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arteries, causing the highest pressure in the arterial system. Systolic pressure is an important measurement in blood pressure readings and indicates the force exerted on the arterial walls during each heartbeat.Rate this question:
- 40.
What is pulse pressure?
Correct Answer
Systolic minus diastolicExplanation
Pulse pressure is a measure of the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings. Systolic pressure represents the maximum pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts, while diastolic pressure represents the minimum pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest. By subtracting the diastolic pressure from the systolic pressure, we can calculate the pulse pressure. This measurement is important in assessing cardiovascular health and can provide information about the elasticity and health of the arteries.Rate this question:
- 41.
What value of mean arterial pressure do we need to perfuse vital organs?
Correct Answer
60Explanation
The value of mean arterial pressure that we need to perfuse vital organs is 60. This is because mean arterial pressure represents the average pressure in the arteries during one cardiac cycle, and it needs to be high enough to ensure adequate blood flow to vital organs such as the brain, heart, and kidneys. A mean arterial pressure of 60 is considered the minimum threshold for perfusion of these organs, ensuring that they receive enough oxygen and nutrients for proper function.Rate this question:
- 42.
When sizing the BP cuff, what % of the mid upper arm circumference should the cuff width be?
Correct Answer
40Explanation
The correct answer is 40 because when sizing the BP cuff, the cuff width should be approximately 40% of the mid upper arm circumference. This ensures that the cuff fits properly and provides accurate blood pressure measurements. A cuff that is too narrow may result in falsely high readings, while a cuff that is too wide may give falsely low readings. Therefore, it is important to choose a cuff width that is proportional to the arm circumference for accurate measurements.Rate this question:
- 43.
When sizing BP cuff, what should encircle 80% of arm?
Correct Answer
bladder lengthExplanation
The bladder length of the BP cuff should encircle 80% of the arm. This means that the length of the inflatable bladder within the cuff should be sufficient to cover 80% of the circumference of the arm when properly positioned. This ensures accurate and reliable blood pressure measurements by providing an appropriate fit and pressure distribution on the arm.Rate this question:
- 44.
Overlapping of BP cuff matters in <13 year olds
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false because the overlapping of the BP cuff does not matter in children under 13 years old. In younger children, the size of the cuff is more important than the overlap. Using a cuff that is too small or too large can result in inaccurate blood pressure measurements. Therefore, the correct cuff size should be selected based on the child's arm circumference, rather than focusing on the overlap of the cuff.Rate this question:
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- 45.
If you have too large of a BP cuff what happens?
Correct Answer
underestimate BPExplanation
If the blood pressure cuff used is too large, it can lead to an underestimation of the blood pressure reading. This is because the cuff may not fit snugly around the arm, resulting in inaccurate measurements. A loose cuff can cause the blood pressure to be underestimated as it may not fully compress the artery, leading to a lower reading than the actual blood pressure. Therefore, using a correctly sized cuff is essential for obtaining accurate blood pressure measurements.Rate this question:
- 46.
If you have too small of a BP cuff, what happens?
Correct Answer
overestimate BPExplanation
If you have a smaller blood pressure (BP) cuff, it can lead to an overestimation of the BP reading. This is because the cuff may not fit properly around the arm, resulting in a higher pressure being recorded. The cuff needs to be of the appropriate size to ensure an accurate measurement of BP. A smaller cuff can cause compression of the arm, leading to an artificially higher reading.Rate this question:
- 47.
What is not true in regards to BP auscultatory findings?
- A.
No sounds are heard during no flow or full flow
- B.
No sounds are heard during turbulent flow
- C.
First sound is SBP
- D.
DBP is transition from turbulent flow to silence
Correct Answer
B. No sounds are heard during turbulent flowExplanation
During turbulent flow, sounds can be heard, which contradicts the statement that "No sounds are heard during turbulent flow." Turbulent flow is characterized by irregular and chaotic blood flow, which can produce audible sounds known as murmurs. These murmurs are often indicative of underlying cardiovascular abnormalities. Therefore, the correct answer is that sounds can be heard during turbulent flow.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Before taking BP which is not part of patient preparation?
- A.
Avoid caffeine and smoking for 30 min prior
- B.
Rest for at least 10 minutes
- C.
Feet should be flat on the floor
- D.
Arm should be flexed and supported at heart level
Correct Answer
B. Rest for at least 10 minutesExplanation
Resting for at least 10 minutes before taking blood pressure is important because it allows the patient's body to relax and stabilize. This helps to ensure that the blood pressure reading is accurate and not influenced by any recent physical activity or stress. By resting, the patient's heart rate and blood pressure have a chance to return to a baseline level, providing a more reliable measurement.Rate this question:
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- 49.
What is the first thing you do after you've sized the BP cuff?
Correct Answer
Palpate brachial arteryExplanation
After sizing the BP cuff, the first thing you should do is palpate the brachial artery. Palpating the brachial artery allows you to locate and feel the pulse, which is necessary for accurate blood pressure measurement. By palpating the artery, you can ensure that the cuff is positioned correctly and that the artery is not obstructed or compressed, which could affect the accuracy of the reading. This step is essential in ensuring proper placement and reliable results when measuring blood pressure.Rate this question:
- 50.
Where should cuff be placed on arm?
Correct Answer
1 inch above antecubital creaseExplanation
The cuff should be placed 1 inch above the antecubital crease on the arm. This is the correct placement for accurate blood pressure measurement. Placing the cuff at this location ensures that it is positioned correctly over the brachial artery, which is the artery used to measure blood pressure. Placing it too high or too low can result in inaccurate readings.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Oct 02, 2012Quiz Created by
Sarahkim79
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