Quiz Three- Research Methods & Whatnot:

Explanation
The given answer, "quantitative," is the correct answer because it accurately describes the process of analyzing large sets of data or statistical numerical analysis. This involves working with numerical data such as census data, gallup polls, surveys, and randomization. Quantitative analysis focuses on objective measurements and numerical data to draw conclusions and make predictions.

Explanation
This answer is correct because it accurately describes the research methods mentioned in the question, such as ethnography, interviews, and content analysis, which are commonly associated with qualitative research. Qualitative research focuses on obtaining in-depth understanding and insights into a specific topic or phenomenon, often involving smaller groups or individuals. This approach emphasizes subjective experiences, meanings, and interpretations rather than numerical data or statistical analysis.

Explanation
Triangulation refers to the practice of using multiple methods or sources of information to verify or validate findings. It involves combining different approaches, such as data analysis and interviews, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of a research topic or problem. By using triangulation, researchers can enhance the reliability and credibility of their findings by cross-checking and corroborating information from different perspectives or sources. This approach helps to minimize bias and increase the robustness of the research results.

Explanation
Independent variables are the variables that are manipulated or changed by the researcher in an experiment. These variables are intentionally altered to observe the effect they have on the dependent variable, which is the outcome or response being measured. By controlling and manipulating the independent variables, researchers can determine the cause-and-effect relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

Explanation
Dependent variables are the response to the manipulated variable. In an experiment, the independent variable is deliberately changed or manipulated, and the dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured or observed as a result of the manipulation. The dependent variable is dependent on the independent variable because it is affected by the changes made to the independent variable.

Explanation
The correct answer is "same" because when both variables move in the same direction, it means that they both increase or decrease together. This indicates a positive correlation between the variables, suggesting that as one variable increases, the other variable also increases, or as one variable decreases, the other variable also decreases.

Explanation
The correct answer is "opposite". In this context, "negative: both variables move in opposite directions" means that when one variable increases, the other variable decreases, and vice versa. The term "opposite" accurately describes the relationship between the variables, indicating that they move in opposite directions.

Explanation
The word "spurious" means something that appears to have a correlation or connection, but in reality, it is not related. So, in the given context, the relationship between the two things being discussed may seem to have a connection, but it is actually false or misleading.

Explanation
Reliability refers to the consistency and stability of measurement. In the context of the given question, reliability is important because it ensures that if the study is replicated and the measurements are done in the same way every time, similar results will be obtained. Any alteration in the measuring technique can lead to different results, highlighting the significance of maintaining reliability in research.

Explanation
Validity is a measure of how accurately a test or measurement assesses what it is intended to measure. In this context, validity ensures that the professor is using an appropriate criterion to determine the student's grade, rather than basing it on unrelated factors like musical taste. It ensures that the assessment is fair and relevant to the intended purpose.

Explanation
Ethnography refers to the immersion in the culture being studied, including active participation and observation. This method involves the researcher spending a significant amount of time in the community, gaining a deep understanding of the social and cultural practices. It allows for a more holistic and in-depth analysis of the culture, as the researcher is able to observe and experience firsthand the dynamics and nuances of the community. Ethnography is considered a valuable approach in social sciences, as it provides rich and detailed insights into the studied culture.

Explanation
Overt research refers to research where the subjects are aware that they are being studied or observed. This means that the researchers openly interact with the subjects and collect data in a transparent manner. On the other hand, covert research refers to research where the subjects are unaware that they are being studied or observed. In this type of research, the researchers may disguise themselves or use hidden cameras to collect data without the subjects' knowledge.