Race, Ethnicity, And Aging: Exam 1 Practice

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The factors that can define the life course include gender, race and ethnicity, social class and economic status, family and social relationships, and geographic region. All of these factors play a significant role in shaping an individual's experiences, opportunities, and outcomes throughout their life. Gender, race, and ethnicity influence societal expectations and treatment, while social class and economic status determine access to resources and opportunities. Family and social relationships shape an individual's support system and socialization, and geographic region can impact access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. Considering all of these factors is essential to understanding and analyzing an individual's life course.

Stereotypes are harmful because they can lead to violence, discrimination, and racism. When people believe in stereotypes, it affects their judgment of individuals, leading to unfair treatment. Stereotypes also damage the self-image of the victim, causing emotional and psychological harm. Moreover, if stereotypes are accepted as truth, they can lead to assumptions about entire races of people that individuals may not even know, perpetuating prejudice and bias. Therefore, all of the above reasons contribute to the harmful nature of stereotypes.

When conducting race as a factor in research among older adults, asking if the older person was born in the US and at what age they came to the US provides information on families who are recent immigrants. This helps determine whether the English language makes an impact on the older person's life. Additionally, it provides important information about how cautious the researchers need to be when interpreting information gathered from English questionnaires. Therefore, all of the above options are true when conducting race as a factor in research among older adults.

The problem with the definition of race is that there is no agreement on how many genetic differences it takes to make a race. Additionally, the system fails to account for individual differences within racial groups. Furthermore, those from one race may not necessarily be distinguishable from another race. Lastly, the definition of race does not imply that one particular group has exclusive possession of a dominant gene or genes.

Research is the process of investigation or experimentation with the goal of discovering and interpreting facts. It involves revising accepted theories or laws based on new facts and applying these new or revised theories in practical ways. Research generates research questions and plays a crucial role in providing important information about how cautious researchers need to be when interpreting information gathered from English questionnaires.

The dramatic increase in the number of adults over 65 can be attributed to several factors. Immigration plays a role as it brings in older adults from other countries. Better healthcare has led to increased life expectancy, allowing more individuals to reach the age of 65 and beyond. Increased fertility rates contribute to a larger population of older adults. Additionally, the decrease in infectious diseases and death rates has also extended the lifespan of individuals. Therefore, all of these factors combined result in a significant rise in the number of adults over 65.

The statement "A low social position" is not true about majority groups. Majority groups are those who hold social advantage and are considered the dominant group in society. They typically receive special consideration in various aspects of life due to their racial identity. Therefore, the correct answer is "A low social position."

Prejudice is defined as having a negative attitude or preconceived judgment towards an entire group. Stereotype, on the other hand, refers to a standardized mental picture held by members of a group, representing an opinion or prejudice attitude. The correct answer, B and D, is justified because both options accurately define prejudice and stereotype.

The correct answer is "persons born at the same point in time and have a common social history that provides structure and community in their lives." This definition accurately describes a cohort as a group of individuals who share a birth year or time period and have experienced similar social events and influences throughout their lives. This common social history creates a sense of community and structure among the members of the cohort.

The definition of life course refers to the social transitions that occur in a person's life. It encompasses the various stages and events that individuals experience throughout their lifetime, such as education, career, marriage, parenthood, and retirement. This concept recognizes that these transitions are influenced by social, cultural, and historical factors, and that they shape an individual's development and well-being.

The correct answer is Chinese; Mexican Americans. This means that the largest elderly Asian group is Chinese, while the largest elderly Hispanic group is Mexican Americans.

The correct answer is "Estimated 420 million worldwide 65+; today estimated 35 million in the US." This answer states that there are an estimated 420 million adults over 65 worldwide and 35 million adults over 65 in the US.

Acculturation refers to the socialization process in which minority groups gradually adopt selective elements of the dominant culture. It involves the adoption of certain beliefs, values, norms, and behaviors from the dominant culture while still maintaining some aspects of their own cultural identity. This process occurs over time as minority groups interact and integrate with the dominant culture, leading to a blending of cultural practices and traditions. Acculturation allows for cultural exchange and adaptation, fostering greater understanding and cooperation between different groups within a society.

Theories are not needed to prove hypotheses of race and aging. Theories are frameworks or explanations that help to guide and explain ways of thinking about a particular subject, such as race and aging. They establish facts and provide background information on various processes, such as health. However, proving hypotheses requires empirical evidence and experimentation, rather than relying solely on theories.

Monocultural does not belong in the levels of acculturation because it refers to a person or group that is only part of one culture and has not adopted any elements from other cultures. The other options (Acculturated, Bicultural, Traditional) all describe different levels of cultural adaptation or blending. Acculturated refers to individuals who have fully adopted the behaviors and values of the dominant culture, while Bicultural refers to individuals who have integrated elements from both their original culture and the dominant culture. Traditional refers to individuals who have maintained their original cultural practices and have not adopted any elements from the dominant culture.

The correct answer is "growth in older adults over 65". Gerontological explosion refers to the increasing number and proportion of older adults, specifically those aged 65 and above, in the population. This phenomenon is a result of factors such as advancements in healthcare, improved living conditions, and increased life expectancy. The term highlights the significant demographic shift towards an aging population and the implications it has on various aspects of society, including healthcare, social services, and retirement planning.

The Nuremberg Trials served as a foundation for the development of professional ethics codes and governmental regulations. These trials were held after World War II to prosecute Nazi war criminals, including doctors who conducted unethical medical experiments on prisoners. The trials established the Nuremberg Code, a set of ethical principles for conducting medical research on human subjects. This code laid the groundwork for the development of professional ethics codes and governmental regulations to protect the rights and well-being of individuals in research and medical practice.

The statement "Decrease in death rates" is NOT true about Blacks over 65 years of age becoming the fastest growing race group. The increase in life expectancy, decrease in fertility of younger groups, and improvement in healthcare have all contributed to the growth of this demographic. However, a decrease in death rates would imply that fewer individuals in this group are dying, which contradicts the notion of them being the fastest growing race group.

The correct answer includes the groups of men, individuals with low literacy, and older adults as the three most difficult groups to recruit for research. This could be due to various factors such as lack of interest or awareness, limited accessibility, or potential barriers in communication and understanding. Men may be less likely to participate in research studies due to various societal factors or personal reasons. Individuals with low literacy may face challenges in understanding the research requirements or may be hesitant to participate. Older adults may have health issues or mobility limitations that make it difficult for them to participate in research studies.

Elder Native Americans reside in Texas, California, Arizona, North Carolina, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. These states have significant Native American populations and are known for their Native American communities.

The TCGA Biospecimen Collection Project aims to improve the ability to diagnose, treat, and prevent cancer in racially/ethnicity diverse and underserved populations. It also seeks to increase awareness and education about the importance of biospecimen collection among these populations. Additionally, the project focuses on increasing the collection of high-quality TCGA breast and prostate cancer specimens from racially/ethnicity diverse and underserved populations.

The major problems with current theories regarding minorities and minority aging include the lack of researchers interested in the topic, criticism of ethnic/race research as being too descriptive with simple methods and lacking theory, and the scarcity of theories that define ethnic or race-specific research, particularly among the aged.