1.
This is the starting point from which imaging procedures are referenced.
Correct Answer
B. Anatomic position
Explanation
The anatomic position is the starting point or reference point from which imaging procedures are referenced. It is a standardized position where the body is upright, facing forward, with the arms at the sides and the palms facing forward. This position allows for consistent and accurate comparison of anatomical structures across different individuals.
2.
The arms, legs, face, and hands are positioned in the AP projection in the_______________.
Correct Answer
C. Anatomic position
Explanation
The correct answer is "anatomic position." In the anatomic position, the arms are extended by the sides, the legs are together, the face is directed forward, and the hands are facing forward with the palms facing outward. This position is used as a reference point for describing the location and relationship of body parts.
3.
Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior halves?
Correct Answer
C. Midcoronal plane
Explanation
Since it is divided into "halves," midcoronal plane is a more exact answer than simply coronal plane.
4.
The midsagittal plane divides the body into a __________________ half and a ___________________ half.
Correct Answer
E. Left, right
Explanation
The midsagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves. This means that the left side of the body is separated from the right side. Therefore, the correct answer is "left, right".
5.
What do the following terms have in common: Â sagittal, coronal, transverse ?
Correct Answer
C. All are imaginary planes that intersect the human body.
Explanation
All three terms, sagittal, coronal, and transverse, refer to different planes in the human body. The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right halves, the coronal plane divides the body into front and back halves, and the transverse plane divides the body into upper and lower halves. These planes are used to describe different positions and orientations of body parts, allowing for a standardized way of communicating about the human body.
6.
Which best describes the difference between the midsagittal and sagittal plane?
Correct Answer
C. The midsagittal plane divides the body into two equal left and right halves. The sagittal plane divides the body into two left and right sections that are not necessarily equal.
Explanation
The midsagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into two equal left and right halves. In contrast, the sagittal plane is also a vertical plane but it divides the body into two left and right sections that are not necessarily equal. Therefore, the main difference between the midsagittal and sagittal plane lies in the equality of the left and right halves or sections.
7.
An undesirable structure or substance on a recorded image is only considered to be an artifact if it is covering an area of interest on the radiograph.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
In this question, the correct answer is false. This means that an undesirable structure or substance on a recorded image is not only considered to be an artifact if it is covering an area of interest on the radiograph. This implies that even if the artifact is not covering an area of interest, it can still be considered as an artifact.
8.
A compensating filter is _______________________.1. additive2. subtractive3. used to even out the density of imaged structures4. used in the path of the primary beam
Correct Answer
D. 2, 3, and 4 only.
Explanation
It is subtractive because it removes photons (x-rays) from the primary beam.
9.
What do the following terms have in common: Â sagittal, coronal, transverse ?
Correct Answer
C. All are imaginary planes that intersect the human body.
Explanation
The terms "sagittal," "coronal," and "transverse" are all used to describe different planes in the human body. The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right halves, the coronal plane divides the body into front and back halves, and the transverse plane divides the body into upper and lower halves. Therefore, all of these terms are related as they describe different imaginary planes that intersect the human body.
10.
An undesirable structure or substance on a recorded image is only considered to be an artifact if it is covering an area of interest on the radiograph.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
An undesirable structure or substance on a recorded image is not only considered to be an artifact if it is covering an area of interest on the radiograph. This means that even if the artifact is not covering an area of interest, it can still be considered an artifact.
11.
Which of the following uses photostimuble phosphor in imaging?
1. computed radiography
2. film-screen radiography
3. direct radiography
Correct Answer
A. 1 only
Explanation
Computed radiography uses photostimulable phosphor in imaging. This technology involves the use of a cassette containing a phosphor plate, which is exposed to X-rays during imaging. After exposure, the cassette is processed using a laser scanner, which releases the stored energy from the phosphor plate as light. This light is then converted into a digital image by a computer. Film-screen radiography uses a combination of X-ray film and a fluorescent screen, while direct radiography uses a digital detector to capture X-ray images directly.
12.
Image contrast refers to:
Correct Answer
B. The number of shades of gray on the image.
Explanation
Image contrast refers to the number of shades of gray on the image. This means that the higher the contrast, the more distinct the differences between the light and dark areas of the image. It is not related to the degree of darkness on the image, as darkness or brightness is determined by the overall exposure of the image. Therefore, option "the number of shades of gray on the image" is the correct answer.
13.
Quantum mottle is caused by:
Correct Answer
B. Insufficient mAs
Explanation
Quantum mottle refers to the grainy or noisy appearance in a radiographic image. It occurs when there is not enough radiation reaching the image receptor, which can happen when there is insufficient mAs (milliamperes per second) used during the exposure. Insufficient mAs means that the X-ray tube is not producing enough photons to create a clear and smooth image, resulting in the appearance of quantum mottle.
14.
Use of a ____________________________________ may be helpful in producing a radiograph with even density throughout when imaging a body part that has uneven thickness and/or varying densities, like a femur, lower leg, or thoracic spine.
Correct Answer
A. Compensating filter
Explanation
A compensating filter can be helpful in producing a radiograph with even density throughout when imaging a body part that has uneven thickness and/or varying densities. A compensating filter is a device that is placed in front of the imaging receptor to help equalize the exposure across the entire image. It can be used to compensate for differences in tissue thickness or density, ensuring that the resulting radiograph has consistent density throughout. This is particularly useful when imaging body parts such as the femur, lower leg, or thoracic spine, which can have variations in thickness and density.
15.
Which system of radiography converts x-rays into electrical energy that is sent directly to a computer for viewing and/or manipulation?
Correct Answer
C. Digital radiograpHy
Explanation
Digital radiography is the system of radiography that converts x-rays into electrical energy and sends it directly to a computer for viewing and manipulation. This technology eliminates the need for traditional film processing and allows for immediate image acquisition and analysis. It offers advantages such as faster image acquisition, lower radiation dose, and the ability to enhance and manipulate images for better diagnostic accuracy.
16.
Which produces an image with a mottled or grainy appearance because of insufficient mAs?
Correct Answer
E. None of the above
Explanation
The answer is quantum mottle.
17.
What is the main function of a grid in radiography?
Correct Answer
C. It absorbs some scattered radiation before it reaches the IR.
Explanation
A grid in radiography is used to absorb scattered radiation before it reaches the image receptor (IR). Scatter radiation is produced when the primary beam interacts with the patient's body, causing the X-rays to scatter in different directions. This scattered radiation can degrade the image quality by reducing contrast and causing artifacts. The grid consists of lead strips or plates that are placed between the patient and the IR. These lead strips absorb the scattered radiation, allowing only the primary beam to reach the IR and produce a clearer image.
18.
What are the strips in a grid usually made of ?
Correct Answer
C. Lead
Explanation
Strips in a grid are usually made of lead. Lead is commonly used in grids due to its high density, which helps to absorb scattered radiation and improve image quality in radiography. Lead strips are placed between the patient and the image receptor to reduce the amount of scattered radiation reaching the detector, resulting in a clearer and more accurate image.
19.
Which part of a radiography system receives the image-forming remnant radiation?
Correct Answer
A. Imaging receptor
Explanation
The imaging receptor is the part of a radiography system that receives the image-forming remnant radiation. It is responsible for capturing the radiation and converting it into a visible image. This can be done through various technologies such as digital detectors or photographic film. The imaging receptor plays a crucial role in producing diagnostic images in radiography.
20.
________________ matter will almost always appear dark on a radiograph.1. Radiopaque2. Radiolucent3. Artifact
Correct Answer
B. 2 only
Explanation
Artifacts will usually appear light because they are radiopaque.
21.
Which type of matter allows radiation to pass through it?1. radiopaque2. radiolucent
Correct Answer
B. 2 only
Explanation
Radiolucent matter allows radiation to pass through it. Radiolucent materials have a low density and are transparent to X-rays and other forms of radiation. This property makes them useful in medical imaging, as they allow for clear visualization of internal structures. Radiopaque matter, on the other hand, absorbs or blocks radiation, making it difficult for X-rays to pass through. Therefore, radiopaque matter does not allow radiation to pass through it.
22.
Which type of radiation is emitted in random directions?
Correct Answer
D. Scattered radiation
Explanation
Scattered radiation is emitted in random directions. When primary beam radiation interacts with matter, it can be scattered in different directions due to collisions with atoms or molecules. This scattered radiation can contribute to the overall radiation exposure in a given area. Unlike focused radiation, which is directed towards a specific target, scattered radiation is dispersed in various directions, making it more difficult to control and potentially increasing the risk of exposure to individuals in the vicinity.
23.
Radiation that has changed in direction from the primary beam because of interaction with the patient or other structure and carries no useful signal or subject contrast.
Correct Answer
B. Scatter radiation
Explanation
Scatter radiation refers to the radiation that has changed direction after interacting with the patient or other structures, and it does not carry any useful signal or subject contrast. This type of radiation is considered unwanted as it can cause image blurring and reduce image quality. It is important to minimize scatter radiation to obtain clear and accurate medical images.
24.
________________ matter will almost always appear dark on a radiograph.
1. Radiopaque
2. Radiolucent
3. Artifact
Correct Answer
B. 2 only
Explanation
Artifacts will usually appear light because they are radiopaque.
25.
Which appears lighter on a radiograph?
Correct Answer
B. Radiopaque objects
Explanation
Radiopaque objects appear lighter on a radiograph because they absorb more X-rays, resulting in less penetration and a lighter shade. Radiolucent objects, on the other hand, allow more X-rays to pass through, resulting in a darker shade on the radiograph. Radio-negative objects is not a term commonly used in radiology and does not provide any meaningful information. Therefore, the correct answer is radiopaque objects.
26.
________________ matter will almost always appear dark on a radiograph.1. Radiopaque2. Radiolucent3. Artifact
Correct Answer
B. 2 only
Explanation
Artifacts will usually appear light because they are radiopaque.
27.
Which radiographs should be hung as if they are hanging from the patient's shoulders?
1. humerus
2. elbow
3. forearm
4. wrist
Correct Answer
B. 1 and 2 only
Explanation
The humerus and elbow radiographs should be hung as if they are hanging from the patient's shoulders. This means that the radiographs should be oriented vertically with the shoulder end at the top and the elbow end at the bottom, mimicking the natural position of the arm when hanging down from the shoulders. Hanging the radiographs in this manner allows for easier interpretation and identification of anatomical structures. The forearm and wrist radiographs do not need to be hung in this manner.
28.
Which of the following radiographs should be hung as if the patient is standing upright?1. torso2. vertebral3. cranial4. shoulder5. hip
Correct Answer
D. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5