Reactions Of Acids And Bases

When sodium reacts with hydrochloric acid, it undergoes a single displacement reaction. The sodium displaces the hydrogen from the hydrochloric acid, forming sodium chloride and hydrogen gas. This is because sodium is more reactive than hydrogen and can replace it in the compound. Therefore, the correct answer is sodium chloride and hydrogen.

When zinc reacts with sulphuric acid, the salt formed is zinc sulphate. This is because zinc displaces hydrogen from sulphuric acid, resulting in the formation of zinc sulphate and the release of hydrogen gas.

When magnesium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid, it forms magnesium chloride and water. This type of reaction is known as a neutralization reaction because an acid and a base react to form a neutral product, which is water in this case. The hydroxide ions from the magnesium hydroxide combine with the hydrogen ions from the hydrochloric acid to form water, while the remaining ions combine to form magnesium chloride. This reaction results in the neutralization of the acidic and basic properties, hence the term "neutralization reaction".

When metals react with acid, they undergo a displacement reaction where the metal displaces hydrogen from the acid. This results in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. Therefore, the correct answer is "salt and hydrogen".

Copper will not react with acid because it is less reactive than hydrogen. This means that copper does not readily give away its electrons to form positive ions, unlike hydrogen. As a result, copper does not easily react with acid to produce a reaction.