Reproduction And Development Post-assessment (Grade 8)

1. Rate, on a scale of 1 – 4, 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest, how much you already know about human reproduction and development.

The given answer is "1,2,3,4". This suggests that the question is asking the respondent to rate their knowledge about human reproduction and development on a scale of 1 to 4, with 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest. The answer options range from 1 to 4, indicating that the respondent can choose any number that corresponds to their perceived level of knowledge on the topic.

Explanation

The given answer is "1,2,3,4". This suggests that the question is asking the respondent to rate their knowledge about human reproduction and development on a scale of 1 to 4, with 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest. The answer options range from 1 to 4, indicating that the respondent can choose any number that corresponds to their perceived level of knowledge on the topic.

Submit

2. Rate, on a scale of 1 – 4, 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest, how interested are you in human reproduction and development.

The question asks the respondent to rate their interest in human reproduction and development on a scale of 1-4. The answer "1,2,3,4" suggests that the respondent is equally interested in all levels of interest, from the lowest (1) to the highest (4). This means that the respondent is open to learning and engaging with all aspects of human reproduction and development, regardless of the level of interest.

Explanation

The question asks the respondent to rate their interest in human reproduction and development on a scale of 1-4. The answer "1,2,3,4" suggests that the respondent is equally interested in all levels of interest, from the lowest (1) to the highest (4). This means that the respondent is open to learning and engaging with all aspects of human reproduction and development, regardless of the level of interest.

Submit

3. After sperm is deposited inside a female, the pathway they follow to reach the egg is (Standard 4.1f):

G to H to I

K to I to H

J to K to H

H to I to K

E to D to B

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

4. Which reproductive adaptation is characteristic of most terrestrial vertebrates but not of most aquatic vertebrates (Standard 4.1 a)?

External Fertilization

Internal Fertilization

Motile Gametes

External Development

Fragmentation

Internal fertilization is a reproductive adaptation that is characteristic of most terrestrial vertebrates but not of most aquatic vertebrates. Internal fertilization occurs when the sperm is deposited inside the female's body and fertilization takes place internally. This adaptation is necessary for terrestrial vertebrates because it helps protect the fertilized eggs from drying out and provides a more stable environment for development. In contrast, most aquatic vertebrates rely on external fertilization, where eggs and sperm are released into the water and fertilization occurs externally. This is because aquatic environments provide a more suitable medium for the transportation and survival of gametes.

Explanation

Internal fertilization is a reproductive adaptation that is characteristic of most terrestrial vertebrates but not of most aquatic vertebrates. Internal fertilization occurs when the sperm is deposited inside the female's body and fertilization takes place internally. This adaptation is necessary for terrestrial vertebrates because it helps protect the fertilized eggs from drying out and provides a more stable environment for development. In contrast, most aquatic vertebrates rely on external fertilization, where eggs and sperm are released into the water and fertilization occurs externally. This is because aquatic environments provide a more suitable medium for the transportation and survival of gametes.

5. What makes stem cells different from other cells in the body?

They are larger than other cells.

They can absorb broken cells and repair them.

They are undifferentiated cells that can turn into a number of different kinds of cells, as needed.

They are found only in plants.

They are only found in embryonic cells and are never found in adult cells.

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to develop into various types of cells in the body. This means that they can differentiate into specialized cells such as muscle cells, nerve cells, or blood cells, depending on the needs of the body. Unlike other cells, stem cells have the unique characteristic of self-renewal and can divide and produce more stem cells or differentiate into specialized cells.

Explanation

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to develop into various types of cells in the body. This means that they can differentiate into specialized cells such as muscle cells, nerve cells, or blood cells, depending on the needs of the body. Unlike other cells, stem cells have the unique characteristic of self-renewal and can divide and produce more stem cells or differentiate into specialized cells.

6. In humans, what is the ratio of the number of gametes produced from one male primary sex cell to the number of gametes produced from one female primary sex cell (Standard 4.1g)?

1:1

1:3

1:4

3:1

4:1

The correct answer is 4:1. This means that for every one gamete produced from a female primary sex cell, four gametes are produced from a male primary sex cell. This is because in humans, males produce four sperm cells through a process called spermatogenesis, while females produce one egg cell through a process called oogenesis.

Explanation

The correct answer is 4:1. This means that for every one gamete produced from a female primary sex cell, four gametes are produced from a male primary sex cell. This is because in humans, males produce four sperm cells through a process called spermatogenesis, while females produce one egg cell through a process called oogenesis.

7. Identical twins may develop as a result of fertilization of (Standard 4.1h):

One egg by one sperm

One egg by two sperms

Two eggs by one sperm

Two eggs by two sperms

Two polar bodies and one sperm

Identical twins develop as a result of fertilization of one egg by one sperm. This occurs when a single fertilized egg, also known as a zygote, splits into two separate embryos. These embryos will have the same genetic information and will develop into identical twins.

Explanation

Identical twins develop as a result of fertilization of one egg by one sperm. This occurs when a single fertilized egg, also known as a zygote, splits into two separate embryos. These embryos will have the same genetic information and will develop into identical twins.

8. The follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is (Standard 4.1e):

An ovarian hormone which is responsible for the building up of the uterine lining

A pituitary hormone which stimulates the growth of the follicle

A hormone which is stimulated by the follicle and is responsible for building up the uterine lining

An ovarian hormone which stimulates a follicle to produce an egg

A hormone secreted in the male testes and delivered to the female ovaries

FSH is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the growth of the follicle. The follicle is a structure in the ovary that contains an egg. FSH plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle by stimulating the growth and development of the ovarian follicle. This hormone is released by the pituitary gland in response to signals from the hypothalamus. FSH helps to prepare the follicle for ovulation and the release of an egg.

Explanation

FSH is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the growth of the follicle. The follicle is a structure in the ovary that contains an egg. FSH plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle by stimulating the growth and development of the ovarian follicle. This hormone is released by the pituitary gland in response to signals from the hypothalamus. FSH helps to prepare the follicle for ovulation and the release of an egg.

9. The diagrams below represent various processes associated with reproduction. Asexual reproduction is represented by (Standard 2.1d):

A, only

B, only

A and C

B and D

All of the above

The correct answer is A and C. The diagrams A and C represent processes associated with asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction involves the production of offspring without the involvement of gametes or the fusion of genetic material from two parents. In diagram A, a single organism is shown dividing into two identical offspring through a process called binary fission. In diagram C, a parent organism is shown producing offspring through budding, where a small outgrowth on the parent organism develops into a new individual. Both of these processes are examples of asexual reproduction.

Explanation

The correct answer is A and C. The diagrams A and C represent processes associated with asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction involves the production of offspring without the involvement of gametes or the fusion of genetic material from two parents. In diagram A, a single organism is shown dividing into two identical offspring through a process called binary fission. In diagram C, a parent organism is shown producing offspring through budding, where a small outgrowth on the parent organism develops into a new individual. Both of these processes are examples of asexual reproduction.

10. Which diagram best represents oogenesis (egg formation) in humans (Standard 4.1c)?Diagram 1:Diagram 2:Diagram 3:Diagram 4:

Diagram 1

Diagram 2

Diagram 3

Diagram 4

None of the Above

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

11. What would most likely result if mitosis was not accompanied by cytoplasmic division (Standard 4.1b)

Two cells, each with one nucleus

Two cells, each without a nucleus

One cell with two identical nuclei

One cell without a nucleus

One large egg cell and three polar bodies

If mitosis was not accompanied by cytoplasmic division, it would result in one cell with two identical nuclei. This is because mitosis is the process by which a cell divides and produces two identical daughter cells. Without cytoplasmic division, the two nuclei would remain in the same cell, resulting in one cell with two identical nuclei.

Explanation

If mitosis was not accompanied by cytoplasmic division, it would result in one cell with two identical nuclei. This is because mitosis is the process by which a cell divides and produces two identical daughter cells. Without cytoplasmic division, the two nuclei would remain in the same cell, resulting in one cell with two identical nuclei.

12. Which process normally occurs at arrow B (Standard 4.1d)?

Mitosis

Meiosis

Germination

Differentiation

Gametogenesis

Mitosis is the correct answer for the process that normally occurs at arrow B. Mitosis is the process in which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This process is essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of the body. It occurs in somatic cells and produces genetically identical cells. Meiosis, on the other hand, is the process that produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of chromosomes. Germination is the process by which a seed grows into a plant. Differentiation is the process by which cells become specialized for specific functions. Gametogenesis is the production of gametes through meiosis.

Explanation

Mitosis is the correct answer for the process that normally occurs at arrow B. Mitosis is the process in which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This process is essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of the body. It occurs in somatic cells and produces genetically identical cells. Meiosis, on the other hand, is the process that produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of chromosomes. Germination is the process by which a seed grows into a plant. Differentiation is the process by which cells become specialized for specific functions. Gametogenesis is the production of gametes through meiosis.